Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

Recently, a physicist intends to use experiments to prove that our universe is actually "fake".

Have you ever thought that maybe the Matrix is not science fiction and that we really live in a matrix?

Recently, Melvin Vopson, a physicist from the University of Portsmouth, is going to do an experiment to test whether we live in computer programs.

However, because of the lack of funding for the experiment, he launched a crowdfunding program.

Judging from the progress made so far, Dr Vopson is only 99% short of the target.

But the reaction of many foreign netizens is: cheating money, right?

Let's take a look at what physicists have said.

Don't believe it, our universe may be simulated by computers, and such a problem has been troubling physicists all over the world for a long time.

Why is our universe so suitable for the evolution of life?

Many physicists believe that the fact that the universe can sustain life depends subtly on its basic characteristics, especially the form of natural laws, the values of certain natural constants, and the conditions under which all aspects of the universe are at an early stage.

Excerpt from "fine tuning: Stanford Encyclopedia of philosophy" is a lucky coincidence, and we have to accept it as the original setting. Obviously, the universe was created by divine designers who created conditions suitable for life. The fine-tuning of life shows that there are many other universes, which are very different from the conditions in our own universe.

According to the standard Bayesian adjustment, it can be inferred that there is indeed a "cosmic designer".

Why do physical laws and constants adopt very specific values that allow stars, planets and life to develop?

Excerpt from "can God travel faster than the speed of light? "and the expansion of the universe, such as dark energy, is much weaker than we theoretically think.

This is to bring matter together, not to be torn apart.

Something powerful must be responsible for adding extra impetus to the growth of the universe. However, this energy known in physics does not explain the repulsive force, leading physicists to call this mysterious force "dark" energy. why are these settings so natural and natural that they take them for granted?

One possible answer is that we live in multiple universes. One of the universes has become our universe, so it's no surprise.

Another chilling answer is--

Our universe is actually a computer simulation, and other life (perhaps a higher alien civilization) is fine-tuning conditions.

Many information physicists support the latter theory.

If this theory is true, it shows that space-time and matter are not entities in the universe.

On the contrary, in this case, physical realities are actually made up of information bits.

And our experience of time and space comes from this information.

In this paper on information physics published in 2010, scientists show that the two main fields of physics, statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics, are based on probability and entropy.

These are reasoning theories, that is, the laws of physics do not reflect the order in the universe, on the contrary, they are derived from the order imposed by our description of the universe.

(a) the projection of an event x on a chain is the minimum event on the chain including x; (B) in this set of locations, elements x and y can be quantified by chain P, but element z cannot be quantified; (C) multiple chains of elements can be used to quantify the number of elements. In addition, temperature "emerges" from the collective motion of atoms.

So, fundamentally speaking, no atom has a temperature.

Various phenomena show that "our whole universe is simulated by computers", which is very possible.

This statement is not new.

As early as 1989, the legendary physicist John Archibald Wheeler put forward this theory: fundamentally, the universe is "mathematical", it can be said that the universe is produced from information.

Wheeler is known as the father of modern general relativity, "the miracle that the physics world is close to nature." he coined the famous motto "it from bit".

Will the behavior of observing the universe create it?

In 2003, Nick Bostrom, an Oxford philosopher, also put forward his own theory of simulation hypothesis, thinking that we are likely to live in simulation.

In the abstract of the paper, he wrote: this paper holds that at least one of the following propositions is correct--

(1) humans are likely to become extinct before they reach the "post-human" stage; (2) it is highly unlikely that any post-human civilization will make a large number of simulations of its evolutionary history (or its variants); and (3) we almost certainly live in computer simulations.

Because if a civilization is advanced enough, it should reach the point where their technology is so complex that there is no distinction between simulation and reality, and participants do not realize that they are in simulation.

In 2002, MIT physicist Seth Lloyd once again proposed that the whole universe may be a huge quantum computer, thus raising the simulation hypothesis to a new level.

What's the evidence? There is considerable evidence that our physical reality may be a simulated virtual reality rather than an objective world independent of the observer, Dr. Vopson said. Any virtual reality world will be based on information processing.

This means that everything in the world will eventually be digitized or pixelated to the smallest size-- bits-- and then cannot be subdivided further.

In quantum mechanics, physicist Planck proposed a set of units to simplify the expression of physical laws.

Using only five constants in nature, you, me, and even aliens from Alpha Centauri, can reach these same Planck units.

They are the famous "Planck units": length, mass, temperature, time and charge. They can be seen as the resolution of the whole world.

By the same token, the elementary particles that make up all visible matter in the universe are the smallest unit of matter.

In short, our world is pixel-oriented.

The laws of physics that govern everything in the universe, like lines of computer code, are followed by simulations when executing programs. Among them, mathematical equations, numbers and geometric patterns are everywhere.

In this way, it seems that our world is made up entirely of mathematics.

In physics, there is also evidence to support the simulation hypothesis theory, that is, the maximum speed limit in the universe-the speed of light. In virtual reality, this limit corresponds to the speed limit of the processor, or the limit of processing power.

We know that an overloaded processor will slow down the processing speed of the computer. Similarly, Einstein's general theory of relativity shows that time slows down near black holes.

Yes, perhaps there is the strongest evidence in quantum mechanics to support the simulation hypothesis.

The world around us does not seem to be "real": particles in a certain state (such as a particular position) do not seem to exist unless they are actually observed or measured. On the contrary, they are mixed in different states at the same time.

Also known as "Schrodinger's cat", virtual reality requires observers or programmers to make things happen.

In addition, under the influence of "quantum entanglement", the two particles are strangely connected. If you manipulate one, the other is automatically manipulated, no matter how far apart they are. The effect seems to be faster than the speed of light, but this is supposed to be impossible.

However, it can be explained by the fact that in the code of virtual reality, all "locations" (points) should be roughly the same distance from the CPU.

So while we might think that the two particles are millions of light-years apart, this is not the case if they are generated in the simulation.

Coincidentally, the three physics prizes who won the Nobel Prize in Physics this year precisely prove that this kind of quantum entanglement that crosses space and instantly affects both sides does exist.

Einstein has always opposed this entanglement, calling it "the super-distance effect of ghosts".

And these three physicists hit Einstein in the face.

Crowdfunding experiment: there is still more than a month left, still 1.58 million short.

If the whole universe is simulated, can we prove this hypothesis through experiments?

To that end, Dr. Melvin M. Vopson, a senior lecturer in physics at the University of Portsmouth, co-founder and chief scientific officer of the Institute for Information Physics, is going to do an experiment.

Https://www.informationphysicsinstitute.org/ We can reasonably assume that a simulated universe will contain a large number of bits of information anywhere around us. And these information bits represent the code itself.

Black hole entropy formula for calculating the amount of information in the whole universe according to the principle of mass-energy-information (M / E / I) equivalence proposed by Dr. Vopson, mass can be expressed as energy or information, and vice versa. From this, it can be concluded that the information bit must also have a certain quality.

In a paper published in 2021, Dr. Vopson calculated the amount of information contained in all elementary particles in the universe.

Paper address: https://doi.org/ 10.1063amp 5.0064475 subsequently, in a paper published in 2022, Dr. Vopson further proposed to validate these predictions in the form of experiments.

The experiment involves annihilating elementary particles and their antiparticles (all particles have their own "opposite" versions, they are the same, but have opposite charges) in an energy flash, thus eliminating the information contained in the elementary particles-emitting "photons", or light particles.

Finally, the study could address another great curiosity of modern physics: the nature of mysterious matter known as "dark matter".

It is widely believed that the distribution of matter in the universe is about 5% of ordinary baryonic matter and 27% of dark matter, and that 68% of the universe is made up of something more confusing, called "dark energy".

Dark matter was first proposed in the 1920s to explain observed stellar velocity anomalies, and then in the 1930s, some invisible matter was needed to explain the dynamics and stability of galaxy clusters.

However, the most powerful scientific argument for the existence of dark matter was obtained in the 1970s from studying the rotation curves of galaxies.

Unfortunately, so far, all efforts to separate or detect dark matter have failed.

According to the M / E / I equivalence principle, when information is stored in equilibrium, the information bit must have a small mass.

Therefore, the information bit has the characteristics of scalar boson particles, has no charge, no spin, and has no properties other than mass / energy.

Such an information particle will show its existence only through gravitational interaction, but it cannot be detected because it does not interact with electromagnetic radiation.

These are actually elusive features of "dark matter", whose existence is inferred only by gravitational interactions, but has never been observed or detected.

This prompted Dr Vopson to come up with the radical idea that information may be the missing dark matter in the universe, and speculated that "information" is the fifth state of matter after solids, liquids, gases and plasmas, and may be the main form of matter in the universe.

What is needed for the experiment? To carry out the proposed experiment, Dr Vopson needs to build a positron annihilation system.

These include custom components that can detect both gamma and infrared photons, and samples and positron emitters must also be specially fabricated using thin film growth technology.

At present, most of the required instruments and tools are available at Portsmouth University.

And Dr Vopson discussed collaboration with another academic team that is already conducting positron annihilation experiments, which would minimize the cost of purchasing most of the equipment.

The funding requirements will be used to support sample-detector customization systems, the purchase of infrared detectors, sample rooms, lock-in amplifiers, system assembly and software development using LabView, as well as one year of full-time research funding for a researcher and technician.

Dr Vopson estimates the cost of building and implementing the experiment at £185000 and hopes to raise £85000 during the event before applying to UK research funding to fill the remaining gap.

What do you get in return? In addition to the opportunity to contribute to this unique scientific experiment, Dr. Vopson offers a series of unique benefits to supporters:

Regardless of the amount, everyone will be able to sign the paper on the research project and receive the PDF file of the publication.

Each supporter will be invited to attend future public lectures on the research (online) for free.

Those who donate a large amount will be invited to join the management committee of the Institute of Information Physics.

There are also:

Meet with Dr. Vopson at a top restaurant and have dinner.

Provide private lectures on the study for groups or organizations of any size.

Get a framed and signed article for £50.

"you mean, we are all NPC? "seeing the news, a group of netizens on the public network quickly blew up the sky:" laugh to death, we are all NPC ah! "

Many netizens said it was "pure nonsense":

"Wow, this post is full of pseudoscience and crazy wishful thinking. "

"this article begins by explaining some science that is similar to the concept of computer architecture. But in the end, the author took you to a crowdfunding website. This is obviously a hoax and fake news. "

Some people even say bluntly that the author only has a "high school physics level":

"this guy is a little arrogant because his results are based on physics and math at the high school level. "

Although the experiment involved the annihilation of a pair of positrons and positrons, QED was not even mentioned. This is a process that is very clear in the standard particle model. "

"this is third-rate physics, don't fall in love with this guy and his crowdfunding experiment! "

In this regard, some people seriously analyzed, "in 2003, the philosopher Nick Bostrom of the University of Oxford in England put forward his simulation hypothesis, which shows that we are actually likely to live in simulation." Do you think Bostrom has seen the movie Matrix before that? ".

The Matrix is a science fiction epic that was born in 1999. The film tells the story of a young cyber hacker who discovers that the seemingly normal real world is actually controlled by a computer artificial intelligence system called Matrix.

What the netizen obviously means is that Bostrom was inspired by the film to open up such an "absurd" brain.

In the end, many netizens believed this and said:

If I really live in a computer program, then I really need some cheating code. "

Melvin M. Vopson is a doctoral supervisor at the University of Portsmouth.

He received his bachelor's and master's degrees in physics from the University of Bucharest and his doctorate from the University of Central Lancashire.

According to the author's Google Scholar, Vopson's main research interests are "ferrite and polyferrite", "thin film", "information theory", "multi-calorie and thermal cooling" and "instrument development". The paper has been cited 2345 times.

A paper, "basic principles and possible applications of polyferrous materials", published in 2015, was published in the Review of solid State and Materials Science and received 444 citations. This has also become the masterpiece of Vopson's scientific research career.

Melvin developed a new optical technology for solid characterization, a new metrology of multiferromaterials, a non-equilibrium theory of ferroelectric polarization inversion, and a new technology of digital memory. it includes the discovery of four-state antiferroelectric memory effect, multi-thermal effect in polyferromaterials, mass-energy-information equivalence principle and the fifth state of matter.

In addition, Vopson's paper has been cited 1474 times since 2017, and has been rising year by year. It can be seen that his research results still have a certain influence in the industry, and they are not only "private scientists" at the physics level of senior high school.

Reference:

Https://theconversation.com/how-to-test-if-were-living-in-a-computer-simulation-194929

Https://futurism.com/the-byte/scientist-crowdfunding-experiment-simulation

Https://www.informationphysicsinstitute.org/home

Https://www.port.ac.uk/about-us/structure-and-governance/our-people/our-staff/melvin-vopson

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: Xin Zhiyuan (ID:AI_era)

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