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The title of the original text: "[cosmic gossip] two-way foil is very powerful?" Zero foil "learn about it! What a reduced-dimensional blow! (text version) "

One is the ultimate celestial body that can devour everything, and the other is a sci-fi weapon that can reduce dimensionality. If these two guys meet each other, who is more brave?

We had a brainstorming session before: what happens if you throw an antimatter bomb into a black hole? At that time, a partner said: antimatter is too pediatric, it is better to throw a two-way foil.

We know that two-way foil is a kind of "big weapon" of higher interstellar civilization described by Da Liu in the third part of "three-body". It is so big that it can be said to be a "regular weapon" above the laws of physics. Because whether it is the antimatter weapon mentioned before or the water droplet shell mentioned last time, these things are still within the framework of today's physics in principle, at least understandable at the current level of human civilization. But the two-way foil is a "dimensional weapon". Apart from "flattening", it is difficult for us to imagine how a three-dimensional object can be turned into two-dimensional in all directions, let alone how it is realized.

In the face of such a "brave" ultimate weapon, can a black hole that has always been able to fight can still be subdued?

Two-way foil VS black hole before we answer this question, we need to clarify the properties of two-way foil.

Some people have a misconception about two-way foil, thinking that it is just a special substance that can "flatten" three-dimensional objects. In fact, according to the original description, two-way foil is not matter, its essence is a two-dimensional space bound by a special force field. The dimensionality reduction blow it brings is not simply flattening the three-dimensional object, but directly reducing the dimensionality of the background space where the object is located. Space has become two-dimensional, and objects in space can not escape the fate of two-dimensional.

Okay, now let's look at the black hole.

From the point of view of general relativity, a black hole is a region where gravity is strong enough to escape even light. In a way, you can say that it is not matter, but space itself.

However, unlike ordinary space, the space in a black hole (including time) is highly distorted. All the matter that falls into the black hole will twist to the limit with space-time and eventually reach the middle gravitational singularity. Of course, the real black hole is different from the classic Schwarzschild black hole. The real black hole is usually a rotating Kerr black hole, the interior is not a point but a ring, so it is called an odd ring.

Whether it's a singularity or an odd ring, this kind of thing is very special. It is a place in general relativity with infinitely small volume, infinite density and infinite gravitation, so the curvature of space-time is infinite. So much "infinitely large" means that the results here are divergent, that is, there are singularities. "Singularity" is also the reason why I am used to reading "Q í" instead of "j".

If we do not consider the existence of the singularity or the failure of general relativity at the singularity (after all, no physical theory dares to say that it can solve the singularity problem), so the existence of the singularity means that the space-time we are familiar with will end here, and everything will become a zero-dimensional point.

In other words, two-dimensional foil can turn a three-dimensional space into a two-dimensional plane, but a black hole can turn a three-dimensional space into a zero-dimensional point. So doesn't that mean that a black hole is actually a "zero foil"? Or should it be called "zero particle"?

Considering that the interior of real black holes is odd rings, so at least they are "always foil" or "always silk". And the two-way foil only reduces the dimension of space, but the black hole reduces not only the dimension of space, but also the dimension of time. So this is a more severe dimensionality reduction blow!

In this way, black holes are quite similar to two-way foil.

The similarity between bidirectional foil and black hole in the original work, when people first found bidirectional foil, it was said that it was invisible in all electromagnetic bands. After all, it was only a two-dimensional space without thickness and there were no optical features. So the early warning system was discovered by gravitational waves at that time. This means that although the two-way foil is not matter, it should have a huge mass equivalent to that of a celestial body, but in fact it is just a "small piece of paper" only a few centimeters long.

Isn't it also a characteristic of a black hole that it is small but has a huge mass? And a black hole will not produce any electromagnetic radiation if it does not have an accretion disk around it, which is very similar to two-way foil.

Also, when the force field that encapsulates the two-way foil is released, the three-dimensional space begins to fall into the two-dimensional space like a waterfall. In this regard, the escape velocity calculated in the story is exactly the speed of light, which corresponds to the escape velocity of the event horizon of the black hole.

However, there is one thing that proves that black holes and two-way foil are definitely not the same thing, that is, black holes need to eat all the time to get bigger, and they do not expand endlessly like two-way foil.

Why on earth can the two-way foil expand itself? Speaking of which, let's just guess the principle of two-way foil.

At first, the "scientific principle" of two-way foil does not mean that this thing is pure science fiction. What scientific principle can there be? Although the setting of two-way foil is very wild, it is not impossible to force a wave of analysis.

Remember the vacuum decay we introduced in the original black hole? From the perspective of quantum field theory, the potential energy of what we call a vacuum is not necessarily the zero of some kind of scalar field. For example, the vacuum at the beginning of the universe, at that time, it may just be a "false vacuum", and then with the decrease of temperature, the space experienced a first-order phase transition, and the original false vacuum became the present "true vacuum".

For the whole universe, the phase transition process in space is not instantaneous, it needs a process. For example, at the beginning, a phase transition occurs at some point in space, and then it spreads in all directions like a bubble. With the increase of phase transition points and the continuous expansion of these "vacuum bubbles", eventually the whole universe will be filled with a "new vacuum".

How, whether this process is like the whole process of dimensionality reduction described in the book. And it is also mentioned in the book that with the war of higher civilization, the dimensionality reduction strike will eventually cause the whole universe to fall to two dimensions completely. This is similar to a phase transition in the entire universe.

The difference is that the probability of spontaneous phase transition in space is very low, while the two-way foil of higher civilization is equivalent to the artificial creation of a phase transition space. What's more, they can seal the phase-transformed space in a small specific area and release it when needed. After the release, at the moment of contact between the two-dimensional space and the surrounding three-dimensional space, one of the dimensions in the three-dimensional space did not disappear, but curled up from the macro to the micro.

As for how to artificially create a phase change space and how that dimension changes, it is really impossible to analyze. After all, if all "fantasy" could be explained by science, it would not be called science fiction.

"Macro-dimension curled up to micro", why does this setting feel a bit familiar?

We said in gossip string Theory a long time ago that according to the calculation of superstring theory, our universe should be 9-dimensional. The reason why we can only feel three dimensions is because the other six dimensions are curled up in the micro.

These six sealed dimensions are called "Karabi-Qiu space" or "Karabi-Qiu manifold", which is derived from the S.T. Yau conjecture proved by Karabi, and later introduced into string theory. String theorists believe that the properties of all particles in the universe can theoretically be deduced from a topological point of view by Karabi-mound manifolds.

We know that in string theory, both strings and Karabi-Qiu manifolds are structures smaller than elementary particles, as small as Planck scale, which are difficult to be tested by experiments. Therefore, it is not known what this Carabi-mound manifold based on algebraic topology looks like and in what form it carries six-dimensional space.

But if this Karabi-mound space is real, is it possible that today's three-dimensional universe is really a "relic" of the previous high-dimensional universe after being hit by dimensionality reduction?

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: Linvo says ID:linvo001, author: Linvo

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