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Some people say that photography is the art of using light, and light is the soul of photos. If you use good light, you can really add points to the photo. When taking pictures, you should not only focus on the composition, but also think about how to find and use light.

How to classify the light in photography can be studied from the aspects of irradiation direction, brightness, light texture, color temperature, combined light and so on.

01, the direction of the light: distinguish the light from the direction of exposure, and the light coming from the front of the subject is called shining.

Shunguang can evenly illuminate the whole picture of the object, and will not produce too many shadows, but the photos often appear to be "flat", lack of three-dimensional sense and sense of change.

Side light: the light shining from the side of the subject is called side light, which illuminates one side of the object and produces heavy shadows on the other side, which is good to shape the three-dimensional sense, but it is also easy to cause uneven brightness.

The side light is not only the light coming from the right and left of the subject, but also the light coming from the oblique front and rear of the subject, which has the effect of direct light and backlight respectively.

Backlight: the light coming from the back of the subject is called backlight, and a good-looking edge will appear when it is backlit, but the front of the subject is often black and needs to be properly exposed. Backlighting is also suitable for setting off a special atmosphere.

Top light: the light shining from the top of the subject is called the top light. When shooting a portrait, the face of the top light will produce a downward shadow, which is often used to shape the character and show a special atmosphere.

Bottom light: the light shining from under the subject is called the bottom light, which is the opposite of the top light and creates a terrifying atmosphere. When I was a child, I used a flashlight on my face to pretend to be a ghost to scare people, which can also be regarded as a kind of portrait used up.

The latter two kinds of light often appear in film and television works, and directors use them to express special feelings.

02. The intensity of light the intensity of light is brightness, which is very easy to understand. The brightness of noon and dusk is different, if it is an artificial light source, power and distance also affect the brightness. In addition to considering the brightness of the light source, we should also pay attention to the reflectivity of the subject.

03, the texture of hard light: direct light is relatively hard, the subject will produce obvious shadows, flashlights, flashlights, sunny days, all belong to hard light.

Photographers prefer soft light and avoid the hardest noon light when shooting landscapes, choosing soft light in the morning and evening.

Soft light: diffuse light is soft, illuminates objects and produces few shadows.

Portrait photography and commercial still life photography generally use lights with a soft light mask when shooting in the shed. Natural light on cloudy days belongs to soft light, which can also be called soft light.

04. The color of light also has color. Standing downstairs in the community, you can find that the light in some homes is white and the light in some homes is yellow. Because the color temperature of light is different, the unit of color temperature is Kelvin, which is expressed by K.

Just remember one sentence: low color temperature, (high white balance), red color, warm color; high color temperature, (low white balance), blue color, cool color.

Red is a warm color and blue is a cool color, which is defined according to human psychological feelings and is easy to understand. See blue, will remind people of the sea, ice, see red, will remind people of the sun, flame.

05, the use of light a single light can not meet the shooting needs, we need a combination of light, which is common in portrait photography.

Main light: a light source that plays a major role in illuminating a character, usually arranged in front of or on the front side of the character.

Auxiliary light: a light source for auxiliary lighting that illuminates where the main light cannot be found, weakens the shadow caused by the main light, and balances the light ratio.

Background light: a light source that illuminates the background.

Outline light: generally arranged in the back (backlight), you can create a beautiful light edge. When shooting in the studio, the general outline light: the main light: the secondary light is usually 4:2:1.

Light ratio: the ratio of light brightness is of great significance to control the contrast of the photo, for example, only the main light and the auxiliary light, when the light ratio is 1: 2, the brightness of the main light is twice as bright as the auxiliary light.

06, some application methods, whether in landscape photography or portrait photography, photography predecessors have summed up some classic lighting methods, we can directly apply.

Rembrandt light: Rembrandt light comes from Rembrandt's paintings, which he tends to use to paint, which is a classical method of portrait lighting. Rembrandt light uses a light source and a reflection light source, or two separate light sources. The shadow of the subject's nose is connected to the shadow of one side of the face, forming a small triangular highlight on the cheekbone.

Prime time: the concept of prime time is often mentioned in landscape photography, 2 hours after sunrise and 2 hours before sunset (some people think that there is no fixed standard during prime time, which should be determined according to the weather and other actual conditions). At this time, the soft golden sun is very contagious, the sun is close to the horizon, creating a strong three-dimensional sense, this moment can often shoot blockbusters, loved by landscape photographers.

Blues moment: the brief moment before sunrise and after sunset, when the sun is just below the horizon, the elevation of the sun is between-4 °and-8 °, and the whole sky will be beautifully blue.

If the sun sets at 17:00 one day, it will enter the blues moment from about 17:20 and last until about 17:40, until it gets completely dark at about 18:30.

This article is from the official account of Wechat: photography Research Society (ID:shoujiPhotography), by Zhang Xiaozhang.

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