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You may have encountered this problem when using Photoshop to repair pictures: you have mastered the basic operation of the software, but you don't know where to fix the pictures. Anyone can learn the application of the software, but the train of thought and aesthetics are not so easy to learn.

There are ways to cultivate ideas and aesthetics, which are inseparable from the following principles:

1. the picture style is based on the fact that it does not violate the objective facts and is acceptable to most people.

2. Before you have the expected mapping effect in mind, you will have a very clear idea of revising the map.

3. The train of thought is based on evidence and is analyzed from the problem.

4. every step of picture revision is inseparable from the mastery of basic knowledge.

With the above four points in mind, let's discuss it in depth.

There are many problems with an image of a raw file:

Internal factors: the camera can not process image information as comprehensively as the human brain, so the original image will have deficiencies in exposure, color and distortion.

External factors: when shooting, the environment, weather, shooting angle and other aspects will affect the image effect.

Therefore, the whole process of picture revision is divided into two levels.

The first level: remove the deficiency of the original image and restore the real scene to the maximum extent.

The second level: increase the artistic effect and atmosphere you want.

The first level includes the basic adjustment of exposure, color deviation and distortion, as well as the removal of sundries and noise reduction, mainly in ACR. In portrait photography, there are steps such as skinning, liquefaction and so on. The aim is to remove the defects in the original picture and restore the scene.

The second level, including adding tone, adjusting the relationship between light and shade, increasing artistic effects, strengthening details, increasing texture and other steps, in order to adjust the real scene closer to the drawing in our minds.

Next comes the main point:

Where does the idea of picture revision come from? every step is to solve the problem in the picture, so determine the idea of picture revision according to the following four points.

1. Find out the problems in the picture and the purpose of the revision.

2. Find a solution according to the problem and purpose

3. Connect each method in a reasonable order

4. the method of revising the pictures in order is the train of thought.

Examples are as follows:

In the figure above, mark out the main problems in the original file.

According to the existing problems, one by one corresponding to find a solution to the revision of the picture.

1. Lack of overall dark details: highlight dark details in ACR

2. Overall color is cold: saturation is used in ACR and adjusted by HSL tool.

3. Peak details are not prominent: use nik plug-ins to enhance the details.

4. The permeability of floating ice is not enough: curve tool brightens exposure and modifies color deviation.

5. Stain: remove it with a repair brush or patch tool

6. The twilight atmosphere is not enough: first use color blending tools to color, and then use nik to add texture.

7. Uneven light and shade of water surface: using blank layer to smear with straw brush

However, the above solutions are scattered, and we should pay attention to the order of steps in the revision of the map, so we connect the solutions in a reasonable order.

What is the reasonable order of revision? Adjust the light first and then the color

Restore first and then be artistic

First the whole and then the part

The subject comes before the environment

Therefore, first correct the exposure in the ACR as a whole, and then adjust the color balance as a whole or use the separate tone tool to determine the dominant tone and correct distortion. Then after importing PS, eliminate the stain, and then use the selection and curve tools to locally adjust the ice floe to strengthen the light source. Finally, render the tone, enhance the detail and increase the texture.

The order is as follows:

1. Brighten the dark part and adjust the overall exposure

2. Adjust the overall color bias

3. Remove stains and blemishes

4. Local adjustment of peaks and ice floes

5. Remove the reflection from the water surface.

6. Increase the tone and twilight atmosphere

7. Increase the texture

Next, after combing the common tools for picture revision, we need to know which situation corresponds to which tool to solve, and prescribe the right medicine to the case. There are many adjustment tools for drawing revision, and beginners can't tell the difference, principle and usage between them. Let me sort it out.

Generally speaking, the main functions of tools are:

Dimming, color adjustment, noise reduction, correcting pictures, making selections, strengthening details, and adding special effects.

1. Adjust the exposure category: ACR base item, curve, brightness mask

The exposure adjustment of ACR will certainly be used. For the preliminary adjustment of raw files, the new version of ACR includes brightness masks and color masks.

The curve tool is relatively fine, and the exposure adjustment is only one of the functions of the curve tool, the adjustment effect can be very precise and meticulous.

The lightness mask is used to automatically make selections, usually combined with curves, by first creating multiple selection channels in the lightness mask, and then creating a curve tool or other tool adjustment on the selection you want to adjust. Can be accurately adjusted to a certain luminance area.

2. Correction picture category: distortion correction, cropping, repair (repair)

There are two main causes of distortion:

(1) objective factors: due to the structure of the lens, light path problems, the resulting distortion, such as the distortion of the wide-angle lens, can not be avoided. There is also a large aperture lens shooting, the edge of the object will produce purple edge, green edge. For this kind of problem, use the tool on the far right to adjust the degree of distortion and edge removal.

(2) subjective factors: due to the problem of their own shooting angle or the distortion caused by the camera is not flattened, for example, the elevation angle is too large, the camera is crooked. Use the tool in the middle of the image above to make adjustments.

Remove sundries and imperfections in the picture, such as ground sundries, stains caused by the dust in the lens, use the tool on the left in the image above.

3. Noise reduction category: ACR noise reduction, nik noise reduction

ACR noise reduction is relatively simple, but it is easy to lose details, and it is not fine enough. Generally, the brightness should not exceed 40, otherwise it will obviously affect the quality of the details.

The Dfine 2 plug-in in Nik is relatively fine, so you can choose either automatic or manual noise reduction or sampling points.

4, tone category: HSL, curve, color balance, 3Dlut, optional color, straw brush, filling, etc.

Color blending tools should also be subdivided, and each tool has different characteristics and uses, so we must prescribe the right remedy to the case and choose the appropriate tool according to our own needs. Of course, when mixing color, we must use a variety of tools together, but we must use them correctly.

Adjust color freshness and shade: HSL (hue saturation)

Correct color deviation (overall tone): color balance, curve

Adjust color purity or color trend: optional colors

Add tones: 3D lut, eyedropper brush, fill

Usually, the order of color blending is: first correct the color deviation, set the tone as a whole, and then adjust the freshness, and then add the tone or adjust the color trend. In the actual drawing revision, these steps will be used repeatedly, as long as the purpose is clear and the usage is correct.

5. Enhanced details: sharpening, high contrast retention, nik plug-ins, etc.

1. Sharpen: it has a good effect on local and contour enhancement, such as sharpening the human eye in portrait photography.

2. High contrast retention: easy to operate, suitable for large area adjustment, and has obvious effect on object surface.

3. Silver Efex pro 2 of nik: the operation is relatively complex, but the improvement of the content is more comprehensive.

The above is the interpretation of the ideas and related tools for map revision. We analyze them step by step and then operate them. Practice makes perfect.

This article is from the official account of Wechat: light and Color World of Shadow Leaf (ID:wangyikai-2016). Author: shadow Leaf.

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