Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

In 2022, energy storage has become one of the hottest tracks. In the research of energy storage industry, battery is an indispensable soul link, which can not be replaced in the whole industry chain.

01. Lithium-ion battery: one is limited by policy, one cost is too high. At first, lithium-ion battery was highly expected by the industry. It is generally believed that lithium-ion battery is expected to become the main solution, but in fact, it has changed very quickly. The main reason is safety and cost issues.

There are mainly two technical routes of lithium-ion battery: ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate. First, let's take a look at the ternary lithium battery. The ternary lithium battery is basically eliminated by the policy because of its poor safety. In June 2022, the National Energy Administration issued "25 key requirements for preventing Electric Power production Accidents (2022 Edition) (draft for soliciting opinions)". It is clear that ternary lithium-ion batteries and sodium-sulfur batteries will no longer be used in medium and large energy storage power stations. This means that ternary lithium-ion batteries and sodium-sulfur batteries have been put off the table of energy storage batteries. The reason is very simple, ternary lithium ion safety is poor, prone to accidents, the construction of energy storage power station is the primary consideration of safety.

Lithium iron phosphate battery performance is good, in the electrochemical energy storage in the mainstream, but to be clear is now gradually criticized by the industry, mainly because the cost is too high. In November this year, the price of lithium carbonate per ton is approaching 600000 yuan, which is a further construction cost, and it is a big challenge to use lithium iron phosphate to build a large energy storage power station.

02. Sodium ion battery: the "spare tire" of high-priced lithium battery

When using lithium-ion battery, the industry has been thinking about the replacement of lithium-ion battery, so sodium-ion battery is gradually coming into people's field of vision.

It is worth noting that the development of sodium ion battery is relatively slow, and it did not begin to be used in the field of energy storage until 2020. At present, leading enterprises, including Ningde era, are developing sodium ion battery, largely because the price of lithium electricity is getting higher and higher. Downstream enterprises are suffering. As a technical reserve, the development of sodium ion battery can reduce the risk of being choked by lithium resources.

Of course, there are different technical routes for sodium ion batteries, including layered oxides, Prussian blue (white) and polyanions. Generally speaking, layered oxides focus on energy density, Prussian blue (white) focuses on lower cost, and polyanions focus on battery life.

Based on the obvious cost advantage of sodium ion battery, the industry is optimistic about the development prospect of sodium ion battery, especially in the field of energy storage, many institutions expect to grow to 48.74GWh by 2025.

However, the disadvantage of sodium ion battery is also obvious, it is still in the early stage, the overall degree of industrialization is low, the industrial chain is not perfect, the technology also needs further innovation, and the cost is relatively high.

03. Vanadium flow battery: is it true, or is it over-stir-fried?

There are also several different types of liquid flow battery. at present, vanadium flow battery is more discussed. in addition, there are zinc-based flow battery, iron-chromium flow battery and so on, but the latter has little response in the market.

The concept of vanadium flow battery has existed for a long time, but it was not until the release of the above-mentioned documents of the State Energy Administration that vanadium battery really began to explode in China. The electrolyte ions of vanadium flow battery exist in aqueous solution, and there will be no thermal runaway and no combustion and explosion accidents. In addition, the vanadium flow battery is also very durable, the battery life is relatively long, these characteristics are very consistent with the application needs of large energy storage power stations.

Moreover, different from the shortage of lithium resources, the reserves of vanadium resources in China are the highest in the world, which provides innate conditions for the future development of vanadium batteries. According to public data, last year, China produced more than 50,000 tons of vanadium.

After the vanadium flow battery fire, more stocks in the secondary market rose by the daily limit, and the vanadium and titanium shares nearly doubled compared with the beginning of the year. Some professional organizations believe that at present, vanadium flow batteries are on the eve of large-scale industrialization, and it is expected that by 2025, the industry permeability is expected to reach 15% Rich 20%. However, it should be noted that vanadium batteries are mainly used in the field of energy storage batteries, but not in the field of power batteries.

Magnesium battery: lukewarm, there is hope

Magnesium batteries enter people's field of vision mostly because of a report. The Science and Technology Daily reported the research results of the magnesium battery research team of Chongqing University. Previously, magnesium batteries were mostly used in the field of power batteries and less used in the field of energy storage. Therefore, there are not many reports.

Compared with high-price lithium electricity, magnesium battery has significant advantages, low cost, and rich resource reserves, which can meet the needs of large-scale development in the future.

However, the magnesium battery has been lukewarm and has not received much attention from the market, which is related to its disadvantages: the voltage of the magnesium battery lags behind, it is prone to corrosion chemical reactions, and the storage performance of the magnesium battery is relatively poor. It is not suitable for long-term intermittent discharge.

The energy storage power station just emphasizes that it is necessary to meet the strong safety and durability, and there is an obvious contradiction between the characteristics of magnesium battery and the demand of energy storage power station, so magnesium battery will not become the mainstream unless there is a greater breakthrough in technology in the future.

05. The competitive pattern of letting a hundred flowers blossom

Lithium, sodium, vanadium, magnesium, including silent zinc, we can see that the discussion around the energy storage battery is still going on, and no relatively perfect solution has been found.

From the point of view of market application, at present, pumping energy storage is the main energy storage power station, but electrochemical energy storage is developing rapidly, and lithium battery is the main route. Although lithium electricity is expensive and expensive, no alternative has been found. New battery schemes such as sodium ion battery and vanadium flow battery are unlikely to replace lithium battery in a short time.

The construction of a large energy storage power station mainly considers three factors, namely, safety, service life and construction cost, so a more perfect technical solution in the future should strike a balance among these three factors.

At present, it is impossible to predict which technology will become mainstream in the future, and the industrialization of each technology is likely to change the world. However, no matter which technical route, any technology has its advantages and disadvantages, and we are more inclined to iteration and coexistence than direct substitution. Let a hundred flowers blossom, the final result to the market to verify, is a more perfect plan.

06, the extended reading layout of energy storage battery enterprises are many, not only the leading enterprise Ningde era, but also a large number of start-up enterprises, briefly introduce several related enterprises.

1. Ningde era

In the energy storage battery, Ningde era layout is very early, about a decade ago has been the layout of energy storage field. At present, the overall scale advantage of Ningde era ranks first in the industry in terms of lithium-ion batteries, and has established extensive cooperation with the State Grid, five major power generation groups, Sunshine Power and other enterprises. In addition, in terms of sodium ion batteries, Ningde era is the main domestic major manufacturer of sodium ion batteries, and its research on the reasons for sodium ion batteries can also be seen as a new solution to find alternatives to lithium batteries. Ningde era is a leading enterprise in the industry, so its dynamic changes are worthy of long-term observation in the industry.

two。 Xi'an Singularity Energy

Xi'an Singularity Energy was founded in 2018, mainly committed to solving the problem of energy access and grid connection, focusing on distributed energy storage. At present, it has been able to meet the delivery needs of 1GWh energy storage products, and has the delivery capacity of 6000 modular PCS per year. At the same time, Singularity Energy is building an 10GWh automatic production base to provide complete overall solutions for energy storage power stations and one-stop energy management services.

At present, its products can be used for energy storage on the source grid side, industrial and commercial energy storage and optical storage and charging integration and other projects. From the specific landing point of view, has been delivered to Hunan Yongzhou power grid side energy storage project, Chongqing longevity 10MWh energy storage project, Hebei Zhangjiakou 40MWh energy storage project and so on.

3. Shenzhen Zhenghao Technology

Shenzhen Zhenghao Technology, founded in 2017 and currently valued at about US $1 billion, is committed to the research, development, production and sales of mobile energy storage products, which involve convenient outdoor power consumption, household energy storage and industry applications, to provide users with clean and inclusive ways of using electricity, and accelerate the popularization of clean energy.

Zhenghao Innovation Technology has launched a number of series of products, including Rui RIVER series and de DELTA series of mobile energy storage power supplies, with excellent power supply performance and good power experience. According to public information, in May 2020, after half a year of verification in the domestic market, it became a TOP businessman in Tmall's "Outdoor Power supply" category.

The information provided in this article is for general guidance and information purposes only, and the content of this article should not be regarded as investment, business, legal or tax advice under any circumstances.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: new Research (ID:chuxinyanjiu), author: Feifei, Editor: Tang Shi

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