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Figure 1 the author's illustration Richard Feynman (Richard Feynman) is considered to be one of the most legendary figures in the history of science. In 1965, Feynman, Julian Schwinger and Tomonaga won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their outstanding contributions to the field of quantum electrodynamics (QED). Feynman is an outstanding educator and a great physicist.

He has made many contributions in the field of physics, such as the development of mathematical theory to explain the phenomenon of superfluid in liquid helium. Since then, he and Murray Gell-Mann have made fundamental contributions to areas of weak interaction, such as beta decay. In his later years, Feynman proposed the Parton Model (Parton model) in high energy proton collisions, which played an important role in the development of quark theory. He also introduced the basic techniques and symbols of the emerging computer field at that time into physics. In addition to being a physicist, Feynman also plays the roles of radio repairman, locksmith, artist, dancer, drummer of Bongo drums, teacher and popular science worker-he successfully demonstrated the cause of the 1986 space shuttle Challenger crash with just a glass of water and a rubber.

A true portrayal should go like this: Feynman is both a genius and a clown. Deep thoughts and joyful amusement are not isolated elements of personality. He thought and amused at the same time.

Freeman Dyson, 1988 Annual Review

Fig. 2 Feynman was invited to teach physics to Caltech students from 1961 to 1963, and the lectures were compiled into three volumes of physics books: Feynman's lectures on Physics. Feynman's genius is reflected incisively and vividly in this book.

When Feynman was young, his high school did not offer calculus. As a high school student, he decided to teach himself calculus and read practical Calculus.

Figure 3 Source: Melinda Baldwin (Melinda Baldwin) Feynman believes that if a person can't explain something clearly in simple language, he can't say he understands it. Of course, Einstein once said the same thing. Whether this sentence comes from Feynman or not, this idea is very correct, which is the basis of Feynman's technique in this article. Feynman is often regarded as a great "narrator" because he can always explain complex scientific concepts in a very easy-to-understand way that even people with no scientific background can understand.

He (Feynman) opened a brand new notebook and wrote on the title page: 'what I don't understand' notebook. From then on, he began to tirelessly organize his knowledge. It took him weeks to subdivide the branches of physics, integrate each detail, and then reorganize them to find his own knowledge gap. He hopes to find the core of every course in physics.

James Glick's biography of Feynman

What is Feynman skill? Feynman skill mainly consists of four simple steps.

Choose a topic you want to know and start learning.

Try to teach this topic to your classmate or a child or anyone who is not familiar with the subject.

When you get stuck, go back and check the data.

Simplify and organize language

Step 1 although this method is called Feynman technique, it can be applied to almost any discipline or any subject or concept. It is not only limited to mathematics or physics, but also can be applied to a wide range of fields. The first step in this technique is to choose a topic to start learning. Learning here is not simply memorizing it. In fact, Feynman himself is very opposed to this way of learning by rote. He believes that the essence of learning is to learn and understand the principles, rather than memorizing formulas. Another good way to learn is to write. Writing on paper stimulates the hippocampus of the brain, which in turn strengthens the brain's memory and ability.

Step 2 if you want to master certain knowledge, teach it to others. Teaching is a powerful tool for learning.

Explain the concept in your own language and try to explain it to your child or someone who is completely unfamiliar with the subject, or even to the villain painted on the table. The element of this idea is to try to break down complex things in as simple and clear language as possible. In this process, use simple terms and words, and don't confine yourself to what you have learned. Of course, you can also give one or two examples to make the explanation clearer, or you can create your own example related to the topic. After doing so, you will have a deeper understanding of the relevance within the topic, which in turn makes it easier to understand things at a deeper level.

"everything is made up of atoms-the particles around them move forever, attract each other when they are far away and repel each other when they are close." In this sentence, there is a lot of information about the real world.

His advice is: if you want to use the least number of words to describe the most important information in scientific knowledge, then explain the atomic hypothesis.

Step 3 this step is the most critical step, from which you can learn about your shortcomings. When you explain or write something in simple terms, you will find that the logic in some places is incomplete or inexplicable. At this point, you should look for information, browse books, periodicals, the Internet, no matter what way to fill this knowledge gap. In some cases, you will find loopholes in your knowledge, such as being unable to explain it clearly or explaining it in a simple and clear way, forgetting some important points, and so on. At this point, stop and go back to find information and fill in the blanks. This iterative process can effectively help you understand things. In the process, you will gradually understand the topic and focus your attention on the most important parts of your study. Knowing the limitations of your knowledge, and then studying these limitations to better understand it, is the focus of this step and part of the magical effect.

Step 4 this step is the final part. Through the above steps, you have corrected the mistakes, removed the obstacles, simplified the explanation, and made the process of explaining the topic better. At this point, you can return to step 2 or 3 at any time until you have a deeper understanding of the topic. Your notes and examples now show the simplest form, and after some research, you have a deeper understanding of the topic. You can repeat this step over and over again until you feel you are already proficient in the subject.

Figure 4 Feynman's class at Caltech after you have prepared the final version, you can tell it to your colleagues, friends, or experts in the field, and then get relevant feedback. This way of measuring and learning can indeed work miracles. Feynman always believes that truth is simple, so it is best to understand when things are simple and elegant. Of course, it's easy to complicate things, but it often shows a lack of deep understanding of things. The right idea is to make things as simple as possible so that anyone can understand and understand more deeply.

Feynman skills can help you learn and understand things from different angles. It can be used not only for academic research, but also for building businesses, companies, psychological models, and so on. Feynman skills can help you grasp a lot of effective information, which is a good way to learn.

Come and give it a try.

Original text link:

Https://www.cantorsparadise.com/learn-anything-faster-by-using-the-feynman-technique-6565a9f7eda7

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ID:cas-iop), author: Sunny Labh, translator: Nuor, revision: Tibetan idiot

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