Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

Today, the editor will talk to you about the network card of the server.

What is a network card? To put it simply, a network card is a device that connects a computer with a local area network. The computer is mainly connected to the network through the network card. Network card, also known as network adapter or network interface card NIC (Network interface Card), is the most basic and important connection device in the computer network system.

1. The main function of the network card is in the TCP / IP model, working in the physical layer and data link layer, which is used to receive and send computer data.

All computers in the network must have a unique MAC address, which is provided by the network card, and the main functions of the network card include:

Sending (encapsulating) and receiving (unencapsulating) of data: when sending data, add the head and tail; when receiving data, peel off the head and tail

Encoding and decoding of data: encoding and decoding of physical layer data

Data link management: mainly the implementation of CSMA / CD (Carrier sense multiple access for collision Detection)

Second, the evolution of the network card now let us understand the evolution process of the network card in recent years.

Third, what are the classification categories of network cards? Now the editor will take you to learn about it.

Server dedicated network card VS ordinary network card

Compared with the server special network card, the ordinary network card means that the network card used in ordinary PC, workstation and consumer electronic products does not have high requirements for reliability and security, but the difference between the server and the ordinary PC workstation is that the server is always working and requires to run stably for a long time, which requires the server network card to have the following characteristics:

High speed of data transmission

The server is always in the process of data calculation and exchange, the data of 10Mbps and 100Mbps in the ordinary network can no longer meet the big data traffic network, and the network card rates commonly used in the server are 10Gbps, 25Gbps and so on.

Low occupancy rate of CPU

The CPU of the server is constantly working, dealing with a large amount of data. If the CPU of a server spends most of its time providing data response to the network card, it is bound to affect the processing speed of other tasks. The server network card has its own control chip, which can handle some CPU tasks, thus reducing the computing overhead of CPU.

High security performance

If the server's network card fails, the server will not be able to receive and send data, which is equivalent to downtime, so high reliability is a necessary feature of the server network card. Basically, server network cards have fault-tolerant functions, such as AFT (network card error redundancy) and ALB (network card load balancing) of Intel.

Fourth, the server network card under the editor to introduce the server network card.

NIC:Network interface Card

Especially an Ethernet card that supports TCP / IP protocols and is used in Ethernet networks

CNA:Converged Network Adapter

Converged Nic, essentially an Ethernet card, but supports FCoE function (FC over Ethernet)

HBA:Host Bus Adapter 、

Specifically refers to the FC network card, supports FC protocol, connects to storage or fiber switch

HCA:Host Channel Adapter

Specifically refers to the Infiniband network card, that is, the IB card. Used in high-performance computers with high bandwidth and low delay

5. network card interface there are two main physical interfaces of network card: electric port and optical port

Electric port: that is, a common RJ45 interface, for example, connecting a network cable

Optical port: for connecting optical modules

According to the interface package, it can be divided into SFP+, SFP28 and QSFP+.

SFP+: supports GE / 10GE rates

SFP28: supports GE / 10GE / 25GE rates

QSFP+: supports 40GE / 100GE rates

6. What are the manufacturers of network cards?

With regard to the knowledge of the server network card, I believe you should have some understanding by now. That's all for today.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: ZTE document (ID:ztedoc), author: ZTE document

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