Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

CTOnews.com, October 14 (Xinhua)-- Kidney disease affects about 1/9 adults worldwide, and the incidence of kidney failure in humans is steadily increasing around the world.

If functional kidney tissue can be cultivated in the laboratory, it can undoubtedly help these people restore renal function and speed up the research and treatment of kidney disease.

According to public data, the normal formation of human kidney is composed of two components-posterior renal mesenchymal and ureteral bud. Now, an international research team of scientists from Sichuan University and Fudan University has developed an important component of the human kidney, the ureteral bud.

The study brought together a number of industry giants, such as Dr. Joseph Bonventre, director of nephrology at Brigham Women's Hospital and founding director of the medical engineering department.

Seven years ago, researchers at Dr. Joseph Bonventre's lab, the laboratory of the director of the kidney department and the founding director of the Department of Medical Engineering at the University of Bregan, discovered how to create the first mass called retrorenal interstitium from human stem cells.

They created a very effective way to produce a second important human tissue (ureteral bud), which can grow into an adult kidney collection system. They also show the characteristics of the interaction between the two parts of cells, replicating some of the interactions that occur naturally during renal development.

Combined with previous research results, it is expected that complete human biological kidneys will be grown in petri dishes in the future. CTOnews.com learned that the relevant research results have been published in the recent issue of the journal Nature Biotechnology.

Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is essential for functional ureter and collecting duct (CD) epithelial cells for renal regenerative medicine. Here, we describe the differentiation of efficient, serum-free hPSCs into ureteral bud (UB)-like organs and functional CD cells. HPSCs first induces progenitor cells into progenitor cells with 90% efficiency, and then aggregates into spheres with the characteristics of renal duct elements. In the three-dimensional matrix, the sphere forms UB-like organs, showing branch morphogenesis similar to fetal UB, and correctly locates the distal tip of RET expression. In the culture of chimeric fetal kidney explants, organ-like cells are merged into the UB tip of the ancestral niche. In the later stage, UB-like organs differentiate into CD-like organs, which are estimated to contain > 95% of CD cell types by single-cell RNA sequencing. Celiac epithelial cells have renal electrophysiological function, the main cells have calcium-mediated sodium carrier transport, and foxi1-induced intercalated cells have v-type atp enzyme proton pump activity.

In addition, Bonventre Lab has for the first time created human main cell lines and inserted cell lines, which make up the final urine treatment components of the kidney. The study may help researchers test new treatments for kidney diseases that affect the kidney collection system. This includes many congenital kidney and urinary tract abnormalities, including polycystic kidney disease, which is one of the most common genetic diseases.

"We have developed an efficient way to produce a key component of kidney tissue, which is responsible for maintaining many blood chemicals and is essential for kidney development. In addition, we have created human kidney cells for the first time, which can be used to develop new drugs to help study genetic and acquired diseases, and to improve our understanding of how the kidneys develop and control metabolic balance in the body. Finally, there is now the ability to produce two components responsible for producing functional kidney tissue, which provides an important step in exploring renal function alternatives in patients with renal failure, or in the future, a kidney can be artificially generated in a petri dish. "

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