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Flapping wing wind turbine | Youtube/ TYER WIND, this cute "bunny", can also generate electricity? That's right! While it shakes its wings with the wind, it is continuously exporting electricity.

When you mention "wind turbine", do you immediately think of "three-blade white windmill"?

Mainstream three-blade wind turbine | Pixabay in addition to this classic shape, the real wind turbine also has a variety of magic shapes.

Why three blades? As the "ancestor" of wind turbine, windmill plays a huge role in drainage in the Netherlands, so it is famous all over the world. The image of the four-blade Dutch windmill is also deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Windmills | Pixabay Multi-blade water-lift windmills in the western United States used to be popular. Multiple blades can make the whole wind turbine produce more power and provide more sufficient power.

Multi-blade windmill | Pixabay four-blade or even multi-blade windmill has been formed, why does it become a three-blade on a wind turbine?

The number of blades will not directly affect the energy utilization efficiency, on the contrary, too many blades will interfere with the air flow and reduce the utilization rate of wind energy. Wind energy utilization equipment can only capture and utilize at most 59.3% of the kinetic energy in the wind. In this way, even a single blade of a wind turbine can generate as much electricity.

Single-blade wind turbine | Youtube / Audun however, single-blade wind turbine has not become the mainstream. A single blade will make the wind turbine extremely unbalanced and seriously threaten the safety of the whole wind turbine. Imagine a big ball of clothes wrapped around each other and thrown dry. The whole washing machine will vibrate violently or even go on strike.

Crazy dry washing machine | Giphy symmetrical two blades can improve this force imbalance, but it is still not stable enough, and the application of double-blade wind turbines will still be limited before the advent of more ideal load control technology.

Schematic diagram of two-blade wind turbine | Youtube / DOB-Academy studio three-blade wind turbine solves the problem of balance because of its best layout, but "heavy" has also become one of the "pain points". A single wind turbine blade weighs 20 tons, and the wind turbine composed of three blades is more than 60 tons, which is really a heavy big guy. Once there is a quality problem in the foundation on the ground, the whole unit may overturn and collapse.

Collapsed wind turbine | Youtube/ DailyTop20s some manufacturers "break up the wind turbine into parts" and use multiple small blades to transform it into four heads and twelve arms. In 2016, Vestas, a leading wind power company, installed a wind turbine with four wind turbines at the Technical University of Denmark (Technical University of Denmark), which was completely dismantled after two years of silent operation. Due to the scarcity of models, the relevant data are extremely valuable, and the two agencies have almost never released any data to the public.

Four-wheel wind turbine | Power-Technology has no blades, but also electricity crazy scientists are not reconciled to mediocre blades, so they put forward the scheme of "no blades". Legendary electricity guru Tesla (Nikola Tesla) once applied for a patent for a vaneless turbine, but it came to nothing due to lack of suitable manufacturing materials.

Tesla vaneless turbine schematic diagram | Homeconstructor.de based on this idea, a vaneless wind turbine with volute shape has been developed. The wind rotates the internal disc and drives the generator to generate electricity. However, this kind of wind turbine like "Pig Page" needs to strictly ensure the precision of each part, and at the same time requires that the wind must be aimed at the air inlet, which restricts its development.

Prototype of vaneless wind turbine | endalldisease.com in order to take advantage of incoming wind from all directions, people have developed a "inverted loudspeaker" type of bladeless wind turbine. The wind turbine installed and used in Hengshui City can capture wind energy in all directions and make full use of the breeze. After the airflow enters the interior, the airflow speed is gradually increased with the slowly shrinking pipes along the way. Finally, the generator located in the narrowest section is driven to generate electricity.

The blue line indicates low air velocity, and the red line indicates high air velocity. Powermag in addition to "deceiving" the wind into its own internal power generation, some enterprises go a step further and return to the simplest cylindrical structure, launching the "Ruyi Golden Hoop stick"-the vaneless vortex vibrator (Vortex Bladeless).

Vaneless Vortex Vibrator | Vortexbladeless it takes advantage of the "Karman Vortex Street" phenomenon: when air flows through, it will produce a "whirlpool", causing the column to produce reciprocating vibration. To put it simply, the electricity will come out when the post is shaken. However, the efficiency of this model is very limited, and long-term vibration will aggravate the wear of materials, so it does not have the value of commercial application at present.

Vaneless Vortex Vibrator principle | Vortexbladeless also relies on the "vortex shedding effect", and there is another bladeless wind generator, "Saphonian bladeless". Compared to the Golden Hoop Rod wind turbine, the top of the Safanya is equipped with a movable disc and a tail rudder (vertical trapezoidal plate).

"Safania" | endalldisease.com Future Vertical Axis Wind turbines in 2016, the wind power bus station near the Icelandic National Music Center was put into operation, and the strangely shaped vertical axis wind turbines above the kiosks provide power for lighting and electronics. This unit can not only adapt to low wind speed (2 m / s), but also work well in cold winds of hurricane scale (more than 50 m / s).

Icelandic vertical axis wind turbine | Designboom vertical axis wind turbine's axis of rotation is perpendicular to the direction of air flow and generally perpendicular to the ground plane. The traditional horizontal axis wind turbine needs to face the strong wind, while the vertical axis wind turbine accepts all the winds in any wind direction.

The structural bearing capacity of vertical axis generators is also greatly enhanced, which can cope with stronger wind levels. These characteristics bring the vertical axis generator to life in the vast ocean.

Floating V-shaped vertical axis wind turbine theguardian.com thinking inspired by a new type of wind turbine the "EWICON" designed by Dutch architects is a static net in which several horizontal insulated pipes are placed in the outer network of a rectangular steel frame, each of which is densely lined with nozzles, which generate live water fog through the electrode, and the wind blows the water mist to form an electric current, thus generating electricity.

In the "Ivikon" wind turbine | WonderfulEngineering movie "Super Marine Corps", there are a lot of motorboat generators floating in the air to power the city. In fact, this technology has been realized in real life. The average wind speed at high altitude is much higher than that at the surface, and the wind speed fluctuates more steadily. Many companies have set their sights on high-altitude wind power with great potential value, creating commercial "motorboat generators".

Air Wind Turbine in "Super Marine Corps" | screenshot of the video

Real high-altitude generator | everythinginflatables in order to make the overall structure lighter, the "kite kite machine" came into being.

High-altitude kite wind turbines | Hazebird although these "thought-inspired" wind turbines seem beautiful, how to transmit power efficiently and stably is still a big problem, hindering larger-scale applications.

Today, the mature three-blade wind turbine technology has been put into use on a large scale, but scientists are still exploring new types of generators. The strange shape is only a superficial phenomenon, and infinitely approaching the limit of wind energy utilization is the eternal goal of wind energy research. The ultimate pursuit under the appearance of these arts is precisely where the romance of scientists lies.

reference

[1] Wobbling in the wind: a bladeless a... Information Centre-Research & Innovation-European Commission (europa.eu)

[2] VortexBladeless official website. Https://vortexbladeless.com/

[3] No blades! A pole-shaped wind turbine, Vortex Bladeless, generates power by shaking. Https://www.bridgestone.com/

Invelox wind turbine, does it work?-betterworldsolutions.eu

[5] Alphabet winds down energy kite division-The Verge

[6] Watson, S.A., Moro, A.A., Reis, V., Baniotopoulos, C., Barth, S.A., Bartoli, G.,... & Croce, A. (2019). Future emerging technologies in the wind power sector: An European perspective. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 113, 109270.

[7] Guangchuan starts construction of Hengshui INVELOX wind turbine in Jingxian County

Http://jingxian.hebei.com.cn/system/2016/07/18/011052501.shtml

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: fruit Shell (ID:Guokr42), author: Cheng Mingchen Editor: wheat, Luna, Owl

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