Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

Tesla robot still has a long way to go, but this road has gone faster and faster. Today, Tesla's second AI Day is finally officially held.

AI Day is one of Tesla's annual activities. Other regular activities include Battery Day and Autonomy Day, which, as the name implies, are specifically for AI, battery technology and self-driving related activities.

This year's AI Day has been delayed for more than a month. Musk revealed last month that the purpose of the jump was to allow more time so that the available humanoid robot "Optimus" could be displayed on AI Day.

Sure enough, Musk didn't let everyone down:

We saw Optimus Prime's prototype product (code name seems to be Bumbleseed):

Photo source: Tesla in order to attract attention, Musk even announced in advance that there must be a "Catwoman" version of the Tianzhu robot in the future.

Photo source: @ elonmusk/ is only 8 months old and has the ability to act independently. Despite those gimmicks, let's take a look at how powerful the prototype robot is.

The prototype robot, codenamed Bumbleseed, does not have the shell we saw on the Tesla Bot mannequin last year, and all the internal non-critical parts are exposed:

Photo: Tesla's prototype robot is about 5 feet 8 inches tall (about 173cm) and weighs 73 kilograms.

Image source: Tesla basically uses the same equipment as Tesla's electric car in its perception and computing, including the chip integrated system independently developed by Tesla as the "brain" and three Autopilot-level cameras.

Photo Source: Tesla also designed the head of the Tesla Bot last year with a display screen that can display useful information for users / partners. There is no progress in this design that can be announced today. This is because the team has focused on solving locomotion rather than application problems over the past year.

The prototype robot's walking speed is still very slow, which seems to be far short of the 5 mph (about 8km / h) level claimed last year.

As for carrying capacity, it can carry about 20 pounds (about 10kg) of small and medium-sized goods, such as express cartons. This load is half less than that announced last year.

Photo: Tesla Optimus Prime has 28 motor "joints" all over his body, 1/4 less than the 40 announced last year. This is because the fewer motors, the lower the power consumption.

In the sitting and standby state, the whole system power consumption of the robot is only 100W, which is less than half of that of the mainstream graphics card, while in the walking state, the whole power consumption is only 500W.

Musk and members of the robot team have repeatedly stressed that making robots save electricity is a very important design concept, because Tesla's ultimate goal is to produce humanoid robots on a large scale and put them into use in a variety of industrial and civil scenes. The order of magnitude is in the order of millions or even tens of millions.

Source: Tesla, the blue one in the following picture is the electronic system. The orange part is the motor.

Photo source: Tesla, let's first take a look at the electronic system part:

The robot is designed with a battery capacity of 2.3 kilowatt hours and a voltage of 52V; the "brain" part of the robot is not really placed in the head, but installed in the torso position (because it is safer here, and the more integrated it is, the more power is saved).

The robot supports Wi-Fi and LTE in terms of network connectivity and includes audio components, all of which are installed on the torso.

Photo source: Tesla

Photo source: Tesla, let's take a look at the machine's athletic ability.

Members of Tesla's robot team revealed that they used the same prediction model as the electric vehicle crash safety test to predict in advance the performance of the robot in various positions when performing normal work, and to predict a variety of situations that could lead to damage to the robot, such as falls and attacks.

Then, the engineering team carried out a large number of simulations on the collected data of various working conditions by means of calculus, so as to fine-tune the working power of the motor to minimize energy consumption; in addition, they also found commonness from different motor data, thus reducing the use of different types of motors.

Source: of the 28 motors in Tesla's final body, there are only 6 different designs, significantly reducing the cost of robot mass production.

Picture source: among these motors, Tesla has a large motor with strong load capacity, which is large enough to easily lift the weight of a grand piano, and there are also small but sensitive small motors in the hands, which can not only grasp goods with a certain weight. It can also accurately grasp small parts, operate more sophisticated tools and instruments, and so on.

Photo Source: Tesla, of course, in addition to solving problems with mathematics, designers have also added some bionic designs. For example, the knee joint of a robot is divided into four sub-motors, which is similar to that of human knee joints / ligaments.

Source: Tesla Musk said last year that the mission of humanoid robots is to replace humans to accomplish dangerous, repetitive and boring tasks.

Its initial idea is to allow users to give simple commands to it, such as "install the light bulb", and it can be executed. The company's positioning for Optimus Prime is a "universal AI robot", which is, to put it bluntly, a coolie robot. Man-machine intelligent communication is not one of its design capabilities.

Although Tesla has all kinds of problems, it is irrefutable that the company has come to where it is today because of its crazy pursuit of scientific and technological innovation and Musk's own strong will that no one can stop. Last year, many people wondered whether Tesla really wanted to build a robot or joked with everyone. As a result, Musk really kept his promise this year.

Maybe one day Optimus Prime can really replace Tesla's workers in car factories around the world-their jobs are really dangerous, repetitive and boring.

Musk also said last year that the robot would not run too fast. "our design indicator is that you can easily not be overtaken by it and have a good chance of subduing it."

"it's best that this doesn't happen, but who knows." He added.

Since only one dummy can be displayed last year, to this year there is a prototype that can run independently. Tesla's humanoid robot team has made great progress in a very short period of 6-8 months, and he is very satisfied with the team's results.

In the coming weeks to months, Tesla will continue to assemble more robots and test them in real industrial scenes, such as Tesla's own Fremont factory in California, to further optimize the design.

What's exciting about Tesla is that this robot has been conceived to produce a prototype that can move freely without any external support (power cord, protective frame, etc.).

The importance of this situation is that although today's prototype robot is still a long way from Boston Power's Atlas in technology, Tesla's development speed is significantly faster.

Last year, Musk said on AI Day, "Tesla is already one of the largest robot companies in the world."... our cars are actually intelligent robots on wheels. "

Through the Optimus Prime project, Tesla finally transferred the company's years of research and development in robotics, sensors, AI and other technologies from four wheels to a humanoid robot with two arms and two legs.

"We are confident that we can achieve mass production of humanoid robots in the next few years," said one team member. "

Musk pointed out that humanoid robots on the market generally do not have intelligent brains, and the cost is too high and the output is too low.

Tesla's long-term goal is to reduce the production cost of humanoid robots to about $20, 000-less than the price of a Tesla electric car.

"We still have a long way to go. So today we are holding this event in the hope that smarter people will join us to make available and reliable humanoid robots a reality and large enough to help hundreds or even tens of millions of people."

Photo Source: Tesla / Dojo supercomputer / since 2019, Tesla launched a mysterious project, Project Dojo, to develop a multi-chip modular (Multi-Chip Modularized) supercomputer that uses self-developed chips that can be seamlessly connected to achieve ultra-large-scale distributed computing.

This supercomputer is the Dojo that was shown on AI Day last year.

The core of the Dojo is a D1 processor independently developed by Tesla, which uses TSMC's 7-nanometer process. The chip contains 50 billion transistors and 11 miles of line length. The processor uses Tesla's self-defined instruction set, the FP32 computing power reaches 22.6TFlops, and the design power is about 400W.

However, compared with the I / O bandwidth of the processor, computing power is not that important. This is because the main limitation of the current self-driving computing platform is not computing power, but data transmission, and this supercomputer is trying to solve this problem and speed up the rapid perception, calculation and data transmission of the real world. as a result, the training performance of the autopilot model is significantly improved.

Last year Tesla claimed that the D1 processor used by Dojo has much higher off-chip bandwidth than Google's TPU and other technology companies' GPU-based distributed computing arrays.

Image source: Tesla's ultra-high off-chip bandwidth is particularly critical, because for Tesla, D1 Chip is not used one by one, but can be used to form a computing array. For example, 25 pieces form a training module (Training Tile), which becomes the core of the Dojo unit, up to 36TB / s bandwidth and up to 9PFlops computing power.

Photo source: Tesla last year Tesla revealed that he had completed the working test of the training module and successfully ran the minGPT model developed by Andrej Kaparthy, the former director of Tesla's AI department. In the past year, Tesla continued to optimize the research and development of Dojo.

At today's AI Day, the Dojo team claims that the machine learning training power of one training module is enough to reach six "GPU computing boxes" and that the cost is less than "one box".

Photo Source: Tesla, this is not over: six training modules are combined into one layer, and the two layers are stacked together to form a training matrix (single cabinet).

Then link the cabinet to form a "complete", that is, Dojo computing cluster ExaPod, including 120 training modules, 3000 D1 processors, FP16 computing power as high as 1.1 EFlops.

Photo source: before Tesla, the Dojo system mainly served Tesla's internal use, such as road test data tagging, model training, running simulation and hardware-in-the-loop tasks.

But more importantly, Dojo is essentially a computing device with ASIC attributes, which can be regarded as a general neural network training equipment, and can also be provided to other institutions.

Maybe in the near future, we can see that Tesla is not only an electric car / clean energy company, but also a robot company, a chip company, or even …... Cloud computing company?

Note: the picture is from Tesla and the copyright belongs to the original author. If you do not agree to use it, please contact us as soon as possible and we will delete it immediately.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: Silicon Man (ID:guixingren123), Wen | Editor du Chen | VickyXiao

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.