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In May 2019, Red Hat released OpenShift 4.3 (GitHub), but the documentation is not complete.

OpenShift 4 new features self-management, automated installation, patching, updates using different types of Operator to perform cluster operations, and running services on the cluster for applications to use the new installation tool OpenShift Installer,installer as the installation wizard, prompting users to enter the necessary parameters and provide reasonable default values for other content. Installer is suitable for novices to experts and provides different levels of customization for advanced users. Installer currently supports AWS, but does not support China. In the future, OpenShift Container Platform will support the use of Installer Provisioned Infrastructure or User Provisioned Infrastructure on more cloud platforms and bare metal. The control plane machines of all clusters must use the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) operating system. OpenShift Ansible is only used to extend or upgrade $ansible-playbook-I inventory/hosts playbooks/scaleup.yml$ ansible-playbook-I inventory/hosts playbooks/upgrade.ymlCluster machine types: bootstrap, master (control plane), worker (compute) components

Infrastructure components

OpenShift API serverKubernetes API serverKubernetes controller managerKubernetes nodes/kubeletCRI-ORedHat CoreOSInfrastructure OperatorsNetworking (SDN/Router/DNS) StorageMonitoring + TelemetrySecurityAuthorization/Authentication/OauthLogging

User facing components

Workloads (Deployments, Jobs, ReplicaSets, etc) Operator Lifecycle ManagerBuildsImage RegistryImage StreamsOperator

Conceptually, Operator encodes human operational knowledge into software to reduce operational complexity. Operator is like an extension of the team of software vendor engineers to monitor the Kubernetes environment and use its current state to make real-time decisions, seamlessly handle upgrades, automatically respond to failures, and so on.

Technically, Operator is a way to package, deploy, and manage Kubernetes applications.

Operator function

Repeatable installation and upgrade continuous health checks for each system component OTA (Over-the-air) updates the knowledge of OpenShift components and ISV content encapsulation field engineers and propagates them to all users

Operator maturity model

The complexity of the management logic encapsulated in Operator may vary, and the maturity model is defined as five phases according to the level of Operator maturity:

CoreOS

Founded in 2013, CoreOS is committed to more secure and reliable cloud native open source software and products. Red Hat acquired CoreOS in early 2018 with the goal of making OpenShift Container Platform the most powerful, secure and easy-to-manage enterprise Kubernetes platform.

CoreOS Container Linux

CoreOS Container Linux is a lightweight operating system based on Linux kernel, with built-in Docker and rkt container engine, and supports cloud platforms such as Amazon EC2, DigitalOcean, Google Compute Engine, Microsoft Azure and so on. CoreOS reduces useless software in traditional linux, reduces dependency conflicts and attack surface, and makes the system smaller, more compact and more secure.

CoreOS rkt

CoreOS rkt is an early alternative to the Docker container, but it has never been widely adopted, and Docker is still the de facto industry standard and the main component of Kubernetes. Although Red Hat plans to integrate many CoreOS technologies, it will not further develop or launch commercial support for rkt, and rkt's legacy will be how it influenced the evolution of Docker, for example in terms of security.

Install OpenShift 4

There are two basic types of OpenShift Container Platform: Installer Provisioned Infrastructure (IPI) clusters and User Provisioned Infrastructure (UPI) clusters. With IPI clustering, OpenShift manages all aspects of the cluster, including the operating system itself. To use UPI cluster, you must manage and maintain cluster resources by yourself, including control plane, compute machine, load balancer, networking, DNS, etc. IPI currently supports only AWS,UPI supports AWS, vSphere, and Bare metal.

Let's take IPI as an example to introduce the installation of OpenShift using OpenShift Installer on the AWS platform. The installation part was not tested because the environment was not available.

Before starting, you need to install AWS CLI, configure AWS account, and configure Route53 (not supported in China).

Compile or download OpenShift Installer from source code

Compile steps:

Installer is written in go language. You need to install go first:

$sudo yum install golang-bin gcc-c++

Configure the GO environment variable:

$export GOROOT=/usr/lib/golang$ export GOPATH=$HOME/go$ export PATH=$GOPATH/bin:$PATH

Note: GOPATH is the workspace of go and should contain three subdirectories src, pkg, and bin

Verify go:

$go version$ go env

Install dep:

$curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golang/dep/master/install.sh | sh

Check dep:

$dep version

Download the source code:

$mkdir-p $GOPATH/src/github.com/openshift$ cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/openshift$ git clone https://github.com/openshift/installer.git

Note: the directory is src/github.com/openshift

Compile installer:

$cd installer$ hack/build.sh

Bin/openshift-install will be generated when the compilation is successful.

Install OpenShift and follow the prompts to enter parameters (pull secret is required, the following is not tested) $. / openshift-install create cluster? Platform aws? Region us-east-1? Base Domain openshiftcorp.com? Cluster Name prod? Pull Secret [? For help] * INFO Creating cluster... INFO Waiting up to 30m0s for the Kubernetes API... INFO API v1.12.4+f391adc up INFO Waiting up to 30m0s for the bootstrap-complete event... INFO Destroying the bootstrap resources... INFO Waiting up to 30m0s for the cluster to initialize... INFO Waiting up to 10m0s for the openshift-console route to be created... INFO Install complete! INFO Run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/user_id/install/auth/kubeconfig' to manage the cluster with' oc', the OpenShift CLI. INFO The cluster is ready when'oc login-u kubeadmin-p xxxx succeeds (wait a few minutes). INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.prod.openshiftcorp.com INFO Login to the console with user: kubeadmin, password: xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx installation OpenShift CLI

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Reference documentation

OpenShift Container Platform 4.1 Documentation

OpenShift 4: Install Experience

OpenShift Installer

CoreOS

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