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"I couldn't stop as soon as I brushed it, and I got stuck before I knew it."

"I'm supposed to be happy, but I don't know why it's painful."

I can't help picking up my cell phone.

Play with your cell phone in the toilet

Play games crazily with your mobile phone

I really hope to be liked by others.

Keep shopping online through mobile phones.

……

When flipping through the book "Mobile phone waste", the social science gentleman's heart was broken: stop scolding, it's me.

"Mobile phone waste" also seems to be talking about each and every one of us.

With the rapid development of science and technology, mobile phone has become an indispensable thing for everyone today. without a mobile phone, you may be unable to move. It not only brings great convenience to life, but also produces a lot of unknown disadvantages.

You may know that blue light on your phone screen is harmful to your eyes, but you may not think that your dependence on your phone is more dangerous than Blu-ray.

You may start playing games to fill your spare time, but you may end up putting the cart before the horse and taking up time in your work and personal life.

(Japanese) Ishikawa Jie translated by Wang Wenting and proofread by Li Hao

In his new documentary book waste Mobile phone, author Jiegui Ishikawa interviewed many cases of addiction to mobile phones, ranging in age from young children to the elderly.

For example, many young mothers try to save trouble in the parenting stage and expose their children to mobile games prematurely. Many mothers themselves are heavy mobile phone users who indulge in all kinds of App and have no time to take care of their children's needs, but their children are unable to interact with living people when they are most in need of emotional training, resulting in the defect of apathy after their growth.

After entering the campus, many children bother to integrate into the social circle formed by chat software and SNS among their classmates, and it is this social circle that determines the differences in the secret division of different groups in the campus.

After entering social work, personal itinerary can also be controlled by leaders because of GPS monitoring, and they have to meet customer needs on call, exhausted.

After entering the nursing home, there will be elderly people who are unable to extricate themselves because they are addicted to mobile games such as mahjong, and there is even a danger of falling into online fraud.

The tool of civilization is like a double-edged sword. Behind the pervasive life infiltrated by mobile phones, individuals lose control of their lives and fall into alienation without self-knowledge, which is something that everyone living in modern society needs to be on guard against. This book warns readers to rethink the way they interact with smartphones and avoid becoming a "mobile phone loser".

The following is an excerpt from "Mobile phone waste"

(Japanese) Ishikawa Jie is expensive | translated by Wang Wenting and proofread by Li Hao

When we can't help but pick up the mobile phone, we can often see people doing other things while playing with the phone, such as watching TV, eating, walking, waiting for trams or buses.

Of course, some people use mobile phones for a clear purpose, such as having to reply to e-mails and information that must be checked. Such people will have the consciousness that "now, I use my mobile phone for this purpose."

However, there are also some people who can't help but pick up their cell phones for no specific reason. As soon as I take it out, I start to play. I lose track of time when I play, and sometimes I don't want to put it down even though I don't need it.

The results of the 2016 Mobile Addiction Survey (May 2016) conducted by the MMD Institute on mobile phone users (aged 15 to 59) showed that 21.6% of people in their teens, 26.4% in their 20s and 21.8% in their 30s said they were "really dependent on mobile phones". And about 20 percent of them said they spent "more than seven hours" using their mobile phones.

About 20% of people "play with their cell phones in the toilet" in the same survey, and another project is the "Mobile Addiction Test", which examines when and where you use your phone (choose more). Among them, 62.2% said they would play with their mobile phones while waiting, accounting for the highest proportion. From this we can see that many people play with their mobile phones to pass the time.

In addition, 37.8 per cent said they would "look at their mobile phones while walking", 22.8 per cent said "they will always take their mobile phones with them when they go to the bathroom", and 15.9 per cent said "it has become a habit to check their mobile phones while eating". There are not a small number of people who do not miss both mobile phones and life.

▲ via:snl24.com

So, why do people unwittingly indulge in it, reluctant to give up these spare time? We can analyze it from the following aspects.

Of course, what I am referring to here is "the possible cause of this phenomenon", not the clear cause of mobile phone addiction. I also said in the first chapter that mobile phone is a new thing, and so far there is no long-term and reliable research to prove the impact of excessive use of mobile phone on our body, mind and life.

People have been investigating the phenomenon of "Internet addiction" since a few years ago, mainly to those who are addicted to playing online games on PC. Due to the great differences between mobile phones and computers in portability and operability, the cause of Internet addiction may not be fully applied to mobile phone addiction.

So here, I would like to refer to previous psychological surveys on drug and alcohol addicts and recent surveys on Internet addiction, coupled with the unique convenience features of mobile phones, to explore the phenomenon of "why people are addicted to mobile phones".

The three major causes of mobile phone addiction, including "Comprehensive Analysis of Addiction" (talk Society) and other works, the medical doctor Guangzhong has conducted very in-depth research on drug and alcohol addiction. Talking about why people are addicted to mobile phones, he said: "I think there are three main reasons." the first is easy access, the second is that it fits well with the senses of the body, and the third is that it is easy to get sensory stimulation. "

Let's take a look at the three reasons mentioned by Dr. Guangzhong respectively. First of all, it's easy to get. If you think about cigarette and alcohol addiction, it's easy to understand-things that are easy to get are easy to rely on.

▲ via:www.independent.ie

Dr. Guangzhong once conducted an experiment on cigarettes on smokers to investigate when people want to smoke. Specifically, when smokers want to smoke, ask them to press the button in the built-in App to record the time, scene and mood at that time. The process takes less than 30 seconds.

The experiment did not require participants to "do not smoke", but just asked them to add a procedure before smoking, but just one more step greatly reduced the frequency of smoking. And the participants' smoking frequency did not recover for a period of time after the end of the experiment.

"this situation is not limited to smoking. For example, overeating, that is, eating too much is the same. Some people eat a lot of snacks because they can open the bag and put it in their mouth. But if these people are allowed to eat pistachios, each with a hard shell, they will eat less. In other words, the more troublesome things are, the less likely people are to rely on them. on the contrary, things like mobile phones that are easy to get are addictive. And it has gone deep into our lives, and it's really hard to quit. "

Mobile phones do not take up space and can be used at any time. It's impossible to smoke or drink in a crowded commuter car, but it doesn't stop you from checking your phone.

On the other hand, what about computers? It is relatively troublesome for people to operate the computer. You need to sit in front of the computer, turn on the power and move the mouse. Not to mention taking the computer to the toilet, playing with the computer while walking, and operating the computer with one hand. If you compare a mobile phone to a snack that you can eat by opening a bag, then a computer is a pistachio with a hard shell.

As a result, there may be more people who are addicted to mobile phones than those who rely on computers for Internet addiction. Mobile phones can infiltrate all aspects of our lives and have an impact on our physical and mental health when we don't know it.

The essence of addiction is a strong desire Dr. Guangzhong said when talking about the second reason, "it fits well with the feeling of the body." the operation of the mobile phone is linked with the movement of the body, especially with the movements of the fingers. All you have to do is click and swipe the screen with your fingers. The memory of movement is stored in the striatum of the brain, and people do not need to memorize it to master it, which becomes one of the daily habits. "

Once this movement of fingers or a part of the body, such as hands or feet, is mastered, it can automatically emerge when needed next time. For example, when you ride a bike, as long as you learn to control the handle and balance, you can ride it the next time you ride a bike, even if you don't deliberately recall the essentials of your movements. By the same token, as long as "touch and press with your fingers" is accepted by the body memory, you don't have to repeat memories the next time you use the phone.

▲ via:www.vox.com

"when the computer was first invented, people needed to control it by entering code instructions. It was not until later that the operation could be easily completed with the click of a mouse that computers suddenly became popular. Mobile phones are more advanced than computers in this respect. Just move your fingers. This simple interaction between fingers and mobile phones can be easily mastered even by young children and the elderly who are not familiar with machines, so it can become a habit of people. Of course, it won't be a big problem if it just becomes a habit, but it's easy for people to get excitement and pleasure when using their mobile phones. Interesting, happy, and even looking forward to the next more wonderful content. In this way, it can not be said that it is a habit, and the feeling of wanting and playing more will become more and more intense. "

The essence of addiction is the strong desire to "want". People have a strong need for something when they want it, and they can't control it through their own will.

When using mobile phones, people's desire is probably not so serious. But even if it is not to the point of addiction, we have to admit that more and more people will feel uneasy about losing their mobile phones and get out of control when using them.

In the above survey, some people think that "I can't live a day without my phone" and "if I don't have my phone around, I will feel flustered." In addition, 39.1% of people in their 20s and 55.5% in their 30s said they had "had the experience of going out without their cell phones and going home to get them."

Dr. Guangzhong, who is necessary for existence and connection, also said: "the research on mobile phone addiction is not perfect, but the withdrawal symptoms of computer addiction appear earlier than drug addiction." Why did this happen? Maybe it's because we want to keep in touch with others all the time.

If the computer you use every day suddenly breaks down, you can't connect to the network, and the data you're processing can't be saved-- I think most people will feel anxious and uneasy when this happens. It is easy for people to fall into such a mentality: regardless of other jobs, first connect the network and fix the computer, otherwise it is simply annoying. The inherent consciousness that "the Internet is equivalent to keeping in touch at all times" makes us have temporary withdrawal symptoms.

Of course, if things go wrong, people will become very scared. What if the computer misses important information during this period of time? what if I don't get the necessary e-mail and lose other people's trust in me? I naturally get anxious.

Perhaps it is this uneasiness that leads to the idea that "I can't live a day without my cell phone". Collecting information, contacting others, managing calendars, address books, traffic navigation, and mobile phones manage all kinds of apps that are closely related to our lives, and losing them would make us feel scared.

▲ via:m.haiwainet.cn/

James Gibson, an American psychologist, once put forward the concept of "availability", which is derived from the English word "afford". This hypothesis holds that the biological cognition of the world represented by human beings is not accomplished through neural information processing, but by obtaining information from the external environment.

For example, next to a vending machine with canned drinks, there is a box with two round holes. Even if "Please throw the can in" is not written in front of the round hole, we understand that "throw the finished drink can into that round hole" and "this box is a dustbin". This is because the external environment of "there is a box with an open hole" gives us a signal to "throw away".

"if you apply the availability theory to the use of mobile phones, it means that even if you don't have to read the instruction manual, the icons of each App on the screen will convey the message" click here ". Compared with ordinary machines and appliances, mobile phones obviously have a more intuitive method of operation. In this sense, it is also more in line with the feeling of the body."

The third major reason why human beings can't stand boredom is "sensory stimulation". When people use mobile phones, they get visual and auditory stimuli. Every time you receive a message, text or pictures will be displayed on the screen, and the phone will ring a tone. We often repeat the process of watching and listening, so we also receive a lot of stimulation.

In fact, human beings can't stand the monotonous life. Between 1950 and 1960, many researchers did psychological experiments to put a person in an environment without any external stimulation to see what would happen to him.

In 1956, psychologist W. Heron published the following results in the journal Scientific American. After paying college student volunteers high pay for the experiment, they let them go into a room alone and lie in bed. The room is soundproof, and these college students need to wear the kind of translucent glasses they wear when playing golf, put on gloves and sleeves and rest on rubber pillows.

The subjects lay "in a quiet environment" and became restless after a few hours, followed by hallucinations or auditory hallucinations, talking to themselves and whistling. The researchers believe that this is because they are in a non-stimulating environment and want to create artificial stimuli.

Based on the experimental results, Herren put forward the concept of "boredom pathology". However, because their experiments may have an impact on the subjects, the risk is very high, so it is now banned.

Even so, through a series of experiments that year, it is not difficult to see that stimulation is necessary to maintain a normal state of mind and cognitive function. People will try to get stimuli from the outside world, or even create stimuli spontaneously.

So when people stand in a long line and "stand still" with them, they are more likely to smoke, talk to people around them, and take out their cell phones from their pockets to get stimulation.

Especially now, it is impossible for us to smoke anytime and anywhere, nor is it suitable to chat with strangers casually. In order to relieve loneliness and boredom, mobile phone is the most appropriate pastime.

"people's enthusiasm for playing with mobile phones may also have something to do with the current social environment. Today's society has a lot of restrictions on people, is not tolerant of many behaviors, and it is more difficult to maintain friendship in real life. As far as I am concerned, in addition to the above three, the lack of spiritual destination is also one of the reasons for being addicted to mobile phones. People can not get a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction in real life, but feel more and more uneasy and blocked, so they want to escape from reality and turn to mobile phones. "

Dr. Guangzhong, who has been studying the problem of alcohol and drug addiction, said: "people who are addicted to alcohol may not really like drinking." They are not drunk because they like to drink and think it is good to drink, but "get drunk for the sake of getting drunk".

To put it simply, I want to paralyze myself through alcohol and forget the reality. They are either lonely, or self-abased, or have problems that are difficult to solve. In order to forget such themselves, they can only drink.

If we apply this mentality to playing with mobile phones or surfing the Internet, we cannot casually say whether a person is really caught up in it, or simply overused, which may be related to everyone's living environment, personality tendencies, and even the social environment.

The picture is from the Internet.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: non-fictional time (ID:non-fiction702), author: Ishikawa Jiegui

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