Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

This article mainly explains "what are the problems related to blockchain". The content of the explanation in this article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought. Let's study and learn "what are the issues related to blockchain"?

1. What is the relationship between blockchain and Bitcoin?

Many products claim to be based on blockchain, so you have to answer a question first: what is blockchain? At present, there is no strict definition of blockchain. At least I don't see any sentence like this: what has the XXX attribute is the blockchain.

Bitcoin was the first application of blockchain, hence the term blockchain. But no one can tell the difference between what is bitcoin and what is blockchain. It is widely believed that Bitcoin is blockchain 1.0. This article also makes no distinction between bitcoin and blockchain.

2. What is the essence of block chain?

Blockchain is a distributed storage system, or database management system. Each component of the system can be deployed to different independent computers in the network, and these computers work together, such as Hadoop,redis,Cassandra and so on. Although they can run on a stand-alone machine, they have the ability to run on multiple nodes. Different from stand-alone systems such as Mysql,Oracle, etc.

3. Is decentralization necessary?

Since blockchain became popular, the most commonly mentioned word should be decentralization. It seems that blockchain has created a precedent for decentralization.

Decentralization, that is, there is no central node, all nodes are equal. It will not be paralyzed by a node or by an attack system. This is a distributed system architecture, also known as P2P or peer-to-peer architecture. There are many other systems that adopt this architecture, and this concept has existed for a long time in the database field, not put forward by the block chain.

Regardless of security, the decentralized architecture has two main goals: to avoid a single point of failure and to avoid a single point of bottleneck (to improve system throughput). But neither of these goals has been mentioned in the context of blockchain.

Considering the issue of security, is decentralization necessary? I just want to ask a question, now the electronic payment is centralized, is there a problem with it? Even if it is possible to be attacked, does any hacker dare to attack?

4. What does de-trust mean?

Does de-trust mean that the system is not trusted? Apparently not. To trust means to get rid of trusted institutions. When you buy bitcoin, you must trust the value of bitcoin. But Bitcoin doesn't have an authority like Alipay. So what do you trust?

What you trust is the whole code logic of Bitcoin. Therefore, this de-trust should be changed to a trusted organization.

5. Is traceability unique to block chains?

Another marketed advantage of blockchain is traceability. The most intuitive understanding is that the context of every sum of money in Bitcoin can be found.

Traceability is not unique to blockchain. Traceability can be achieved in any multi-version database or logging system. Changes to data in a multi-version database do not delete the original data, but add a new version, such as github. The blockchain is similar to a database that only supports additional checks and does not support deletion and modification.

6. How to protect the privacy of blockchain?

Some people say that blockchain can protect privacy. After the analysis of our previous series of articles, this should mean that everyone has only one wallet address in the system and no personal information. I don't know if you feel it, but is this different from "the relationship between you and QQ"?

It is also mentioned that the encryption of important information can protect privacy, so here is the question of what is important information. If it is a transfer amount, how can a miner check whether the output of a bill is less than the input? If it is a transfer address, how can a miner check whether there is a double payment?

Therefore, the data needs to be stored in clear text, and each node should be able to parse and validate. Since the amount and address of the transfer are in clear text, what does this "important information encryption" mean? Let me give you an answer. This is bullshit.

7. What is the advantage of the openness of blockchain?

One of the major features of the blockchain is that each node has all the data, and it is in clear text.

Openness and privacy protection are inherently contradictory. Openness means that everyone can get it, but they don't know whose wallet it belongs to. This one and the previous one together, should be regarded as desensitization, that is, the removal of personal information, other data open.

Openness is just a neutral word. It is not good for privacy protection; it has some effect on data security, which we discuss below; it is really an advantage for data read speed, because each node caches data and does not have to request from other nodes.

8. Is the distributed storage capacity of the blockchain strong?

Another feature of the block chain is distributed storage, which means that more than one copy of data is stored, each on a different node, as long as one node is not broken, the data can not be lost.

General distributed storage systems choose 3 copies after making a tradeoff between requirements and costs. It greatly increases the hard disk capacity of the system and ensures that the data is not lost to a certain extent.

How many copies are there in Bitcoin? One copy per node! In this way, the storage capacity of the blockchain is no different from that of a stand-alone system.

The storage capacity of the blockchain is not an advantage at all, but the weakest stand-alone storage capacity.

9. How do block chains make use of cryptography?

The only cryptographic knowledge used in the block chain is the digital signature, which is not used to encrypt the data, but to verify the reliability of the data.

Everyone needs to provide their own private key when transferring money, so the hacker can't spend your money.

Combining digital signatures with databases is also a relatively new thing, which I don't know much about, but I haven't seen it in other databases.

10. What is the biggest highlight of the blockchain?

It's safe.

There is a security so that others can't see your data. Blockchain does not guarantee this kind of security. Strictly speaking, only encryption can do this. But the blockchain is stored in clear text, and anyone can see your desensitization data, but they just don't know that the person behind the transfer is you.

Another kind of security is that others cannot modify your data. There is no absolutely secure system in the world, and it can't be very difficult here. Attackers need to have more than half of the computing power to be possible.

Therefore, security should be said to be difficult to tamper with. And this is also what makes the blockchain unique. There are two mechanisms to achieve this, the first is a copy of each node, and the second is Pow.

The blockchain introduces a workload proof mechanism (proof-of-work) to tolerate the Byzantine General problem (Byzantine Failure) to a certain extent, the main idea is whether a good node can reach an agreement when there are malicious nodes. In the previous distributed consensus algorithms, it is often assumed that there is no Byzantine problem. Pow is an economic measure, and the biggest feature of block chain is the combination of database technology and economics.

Thank you for your reading. The above is the content of "what are the issues related to the blockchain". After the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of the issues related to the blockchain. The specific use of the situation also needs to be verified by practice. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.