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This article mainly explains "which software development technologies need to be learned in 2021". The content of the explanation in this article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. let's study and learn "which software development technologies you need to learn in 2021"!

According to IDC statistics, despite the impact of the COVID-19 COVID-19 epidemic, the annual income of the global IT industry reached 4.05 trillion US dollars in 2020.

Software development has become an asset of enterprises, which can help enterprises innovate, develop and grow. The most important thing in the IT industry is technological innovation (creation). At the beginning of the new year in 2021, let's summarize the major technological trends in the new year, which technologies urgently need to be learned.

Native APP development

Native APP is a software application built in a specific language for a specific platform (iOS application or Android).

With the development of mobile Internet and Internet of things, the development of native applications is still a hot spot in the current market development. Especially in financial technology / banking, multimedia, gaming and other industries that have strict requirements for performance and interfaces. Native application development provides an enhanced user experience and powerful performance. As mobile applications become more and more common and enhanced user experience is a top priority for enterprises, proactive application development is expected to be more attractive.

Progressive Web application

Progressive Web applications (Progressive Web App,PWA) are Internet-enabled applications that can be executed on any browser, usually consisting of server-side scripts (Java, Golang,PHP,Node.js, etc.) and client-side scripts (JavaScript and HTML). The most obvious difference between PWA and traditional websites is

Websites are easier to access, while Web applications can provide a wider range of features and higher performance.

Some prominent features of PWA are:

Progress: these applications apply to every user, regardless of browser and location. So it doesn't matter which browser you use, PWA will work.

Responsive: PWA can be suitable for any device. Whether it's a desktop, a mobile device, or any other device.

PWA does not depend on connectivity: one of the most striking features of PWA is that they can work on low-quality networks, even offline.

Despite the above perfect design and advantages, progressive Web applications are still in their infancy and progressive Web application development is expected to dominate the market in 2021.

Big data's calculation: from Hadoop Map-Reduce to Apache Spark

The previous large-scale dataset computing architecture is mainly based on Hadoop Map-Reduce, which has some limitations, such as performance, real-time and so on. Apache Spark mainly addresses these limitations of Hadoop Map-Reduce.

The biggest difference between Spark and Hadoop is that it processes everything in memory and can cache the calculation results (intermediate results) without having to store data after each operation:

MapReduce processes the data step by step: read the data from the cluster, process it once, write the results to the cluster, read the updated data from the cluster, do the next processing, write the results to the cluster, and so on.

Spark completes all data analysis in memory: reading data from the cluster, completing all necessary analysis and processing, writing the results back to the cluster, and completing

Due to the different ways of processing data, Spark is much faster than MapReduce, Spark batch processing speed is nearly 10 times faster than MapReduce, and the data analysis speed in memory is nearly 100 times faster, so it can respond to real-time business requests.

If the demand for data processing time is not great, then the processing mode of MapReduce is OK. However, there are many services, such as smart devices and sensors to collect data, log monitoring and so on, which need real-time processing, so we can only use Spark.

Due to the needs of the industry and its advantages of fast processing, Spark quickly took over distributed batch jobs and is expected to dominate the industry big data batch architecture in 2021 and beyond.

Front-end development: Angular,React and Vue

Vue,React and Angular 2 are the top three frameworks used in the most popular front-end year 2020. Experts predict that these frameworks will continue to be popular in 2021.

ReactJS allows you to write less code, while the implementation of virtual DOM can improve performance. This is the most common choice for JavaScript Framework developers.

The Angular 2 + framework allows simple routing, giving it an advantage over other front-end development frameworks. It helps to build a compelling user interface.

Vue open source has a Chinese-written JavaScript framework, which can be used to develop single-page APP, and can also be used as a Web application framework. Vue's MVVM data bi-directional data binding and flexible plug and pull component system has the characteristics of simplicity and flexibility. Compared to other MVVM frameworks, Vue is easier to use.

And NodeJS is considered the preferred framework for fast and scalable web applications (full stack development). It is fast and light, and is widely used.

These frameworks are the most popular front-end (full-stack) frameworks in 2020 and will continue to be popular in 2021.

Cross-platform and hybrid deployment

In order to provide users with a flexible experience, local applications are not the only choice, you can use hybrid applications and rely on Web technology and browser rendering. Alternatively, you can use cross-platform tools such as Webview,React Native and Flutter, as well as cross-platform solutions based on third-party platforms Mini Program, such as WeChat Mini Programs and Mini Program.

You need to understand that hybrid and cross-platform applications are different, even though they share code to achieve common functionality. In any case, cross-platform Web development will still be one of the main trends in software development in 2021.

Public cloud computing

Cloud computing typically runs workloads remotely over the Internet in commercial data centers. It has become an ideal way to deploy enterprise applications, and even enterprises that have built systems are migrating their infrastructure to the cloud.

It is expected that public cloud services such as GCP,AWS, Microsoft Azure, Aliyun and Tencent Cloud will continue to make a lot of money in 2021, while cloud technologies or services (such as deploying or transferring data to the cloud) will also bring huge benefits. The demand for cloud experts will be higher. Web development services based on public cloud services are undergoing cloud transformation in every business from small startups to health care providers and government agencies due to the growing demand for fast access and data security. This trend will only grow faster in 2021.

JAVA,Kotlin and Scala

JAVA programming is one of the most famous and commonly used enterprise software development languages. Because a large number of enterprise applications are developed using Java, and will continue to dominate the market in 2021.

When Java runs, the Java virtual machine (or JVM) lays a good foundation for JAVA and other programming languages such as Scala and Kotlin. However, due to the change of the JVM license, the enterprise may have to pay a subscription fee. This may lead to a shift to other major platforms in the future.

Golang and Rust

Among the many programming languages at present, the two most popular star languages are undoubtedly Golang and Rust.

Golang language was launched by Google predecessors in 2007, although it is an internal academic product, but Golang provides obvious advantages, that is, built-in collaborative mechanism and garbage collection, and simple syntax easy to use, so high performance and efficiency has become its biggest feature. In recent years, Golang development is the backbone of some popular technologies such as Docker and K8S in container ecology.

Rust was launched two years later in the open source language led by mozilla in 2010. Its basic design is for security, based on ownership system and variable life cycle design, no GC, ensure security and efficiency, and support paradigm, easy-to-use cargo package manager, etc., make Rust popular.

It can be expected that the two languages will remain the most popular in 2021, and it is the most worthwhile to learn two languages at present, especially the upcoming paradigm of Golang 2 is the most anticipated feature.

Thank you for your reading. The above is the content of "what software development technologies need to be learned in 2021". After the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of the software development technologies that need to be learned in 2021. The specific use also needs to be verified by practice. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!

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