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This article will explain in detail what are the seven functions and features of Python. The content of the article is of high quality, so the editor will share it with you for reference. I hope you will have a certain understanding of the relevant knowledge after reading this article.

Often newcomers or friends who switch to software testing ask me which language to start with if I want to learn testing. In the past, I would generally recommend Java and Python, but now I mainly recommend Python. Judging from the development trend, the development momentum of Python continues unabated, especially in the areas of tool scripting, data crawling, data analysis and artificial intelligence. As you can see, most of the library languages are Python.

Below I have summarized some unknown features of Python, which are super easy to use. I hope it can help you understand Python better.

Functions with any number of arguments

You may already know that Python allows you to define optional parameters. But there is another way to define any number of parameters of the function.

First, take a look at an example that defines only optional parameters

Now, let's look at how to define a function that accepts arbitrary arguments. We use tuples to do this.

Use Glob () to find the file

Many Python functions have a long name that describes their function. But if you haven't seen the glob () function somewhere else, it may be hard to understand what it does.

Imagine a useful listdir () function that allows you to search for files by matching patterns.

You can find multiple file types like this:

If you want to get the absolute path to each file, you can call the realpath () function on the return value:

Debug

The following examples take advantage of the inspect module. This module is very useful for debugging, and you can get far more from this module than is described here.

In this article, we won't cover each of these features, but I'll show you some use cases:

Generate a unique ID

There may be situations where you need to generate a unique string. I've seen a lot of people use the md5 () function to implement this requirement, and as soon as possible it doesn't exactly mean that.

There is actually a Python function called uuid () that is used for this purpose.

You may notice that even though strings are unique, the characters that follow them look similar. This is because the generated string is associated with the MAC address of the computer.

To reduce the chance of generating the same string, you can use the following two functions.

Serialization

Have you ever needed to store a complex variable in a database or text file? You don't need to think of a strange way to convert an array or object lattice into a formatted string, because Python already provides this feature.

This is a native Python serialization method. However, JSON has become popular in recent years, and Python has added support for it. Now you can use JSON to encode and decode.

This is more compact and, most importantly, compatible with JavaScript and many other languages. However, for complex objects, some of the information may be lost.

Compressed character

When talking about compression, we usually think of files, such as ZIP structures. Long characters can be compressed in Python without involving any archive files.

Register the Shutdown function

There is a module called atexit, which allows you to execute some code immediately after the script has been run.

If you want to measure some benchmark data at the end of script execution, such as how long it takes to run:

It looks simple at first glance. You just need to add the code to the bottom of the script, and it will run before the script ends. But if there is a fatal error in the script or if the script is terminated by the user, it may not run.

When you use atexit.register (), your code will be executed, no matter what reason the script stops running.

Summary:

Some of the features of Python have been introduced above. Do you know any other useful features of Python, but they are not well known? We can discuss it together!

Finally, in order to give you a deeper understanding of Python, let me introduce the benefits of Python.

1, powerful, easy to use, language uniqueness is obvious (uniqueness means that you can not use 18 ways to achieve a function), and has a massive third-party library. One of the favorite words of Python programmers is: life is short, I use Python.

2. Python supports interactive programming, object-oriented programming, functional programming, aspect-oriented programming and, of course, metaprogramming.

There are not many languages that offer as much diversity and simplicity as Python, and whether you are a novice coder or a master of scripting, you need to know about Python.

On the seven major functions and features of Python what are shared here, I hope that the above content can be of some help to you, can learn more knowledge. If you think the article is good, you can share it for more people to see.

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