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This article focuses on "what are the features of MINIX 3". Interested friends may wish to have a look at it. The method introduced in this paper is simple, fast and practical. Let the editor take you to learn "what are the features of MINIX 3"?

POLA is talking about the way the system divides components so that defects that must exist in one component do not spread to other components. Each component should only be given the permissions it needs to do its own work, no more, no less. Specifically, it should not have the right to read or write data that belongs to other components, to read any computer memory outside its own address space, to execute sensitive instructions that have nothing to do with it, to access Igamo devices that should not be accessed, and so on. The existing operating system completely violates the above principles, resulting in many reliability and security problems.

Tanenbaum believes that device drivers are the main culprits:

About 70% of the typical operating system code is device driver code. We know that the number of defects per line in the driver part of the device is 3 to 7 times that of the other parts. It is reported that 63% to 85% of Windows XP crashes are caused by driver errors, and there is no reason why the situation in Linux should be different.

The operating system architecture of MINIX is slightly different:

Tanenbaum points out that the main difference is that making device drivers run in user mode can improve security:

The device driver is on top of the kernel and runs in user mode. Each driver runs as a separate process and is strictly constrained by the memory management hardware and can only access its own memory. When the device driver needs to perform the Istroke O operation, it makes a call to the microkernel to get the service (such as issuing instructions to the physical device). Before making any call, the microkernel first checks to see if the call is licensed. Therefore, the call to control the sound card from the sound driver will be accepted, while the call to control the hard disk from the sound driver will be rejected.

The overall objectives are:

…… The structure of the operating system is reorganized into a microkernel running in kernel mode, plus a number of user processes to complete the real operating system tasks. Although a microkernel is still a long way from a complete operating system, this design achieves our main goal. Our goal is to move most of the operating system code out of user space so that we can divide it into processes and prevent them from executing "dangerous" (control) instructions, and memory management hardware can also prevent processes from accessing memory other than what they belong to.

The current version of MINIX 3 is 3.1.3a, and its main features include:

POSIX compliant

TCP/IP network

X Window system

Language support includes cc, gcc, Gmail +, perl, python, etc.

More than 650 UNIX programs

Fully support multi-user and multiprogramming multi-tasking

The device driver runs as a user process

High fault tolerance

Provide complete C source code.

Because MINIX implements the POSIX standard, most UNIX programs can run on it with or without modification. The project entered Google's Summer of Code 2008 and a corresponding MINIX discussion group was set up.

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