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Editor to share with you how to prevent SQL injection attacks, I believe that most people do not know much about it, so share this article for your reference, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, let's go to know it!

SQL injection is an injection attack that can execute malicious SQL statements.

What is SQL injection?

SQL injection (SQLi) is an injection attack that can execute malicious SQL statements. It allows an attacker to take full control of the database server behind the Web application by inserting arbitrary SQL code into the database query. Attackers can use SQL injection vulnerabilities to bypass application security measures; can bypass authentication and authorization of web pages or Web applications, and retrieve the contents of the entire SQL database; and can use SQL injection to add, modify, and delete records in the database.

SQL injection vulnerabilities can affect any website or Web application that uses SQL databases such as MySQL,Oracle,SQL Server or others. Criminals may use it to gain unauthorized access to users' sensitive data: customer information, personal data, trade secrets, intellectual property rights, etc. SQL injection attacks are one of the oldest, most popular, and most dangerous vulnerabilities in Web applications.

Types of SQL injection attacks

SQL injection attacks can be performed in a variety of ways. Before choosing a specific attack method, an attacker may observe the behavior of the system.

In-band injection

This is a typical attack in which an attacker can launch an attack and obtain results through the same communication channel. This is done through two in-band technologies:

● based on error SQL injection: get information about the database from the error message displayed

● is based on joint SQL injection: relies on the attacker's ability to connect the results of UNION ALL stolen information with legitimate results.

Both techniques rely on attackers to modify the SQL sent by the application, as well as the errors displayed in the browser and the information returned. If the application developer or database developer cannot correctly parameterize the values they use in the query, it will succeed. Both are trial and error, and errors can be detected.

Blind injection

Also known as inferential SQL injection, blind injection attacks do not display data directly from the target database; instead, attackers carefully examine the behavior for indirect clues. Details in the HTTP response, blank web pages entered by some users, and how long it takes the database to respond to certain user inputs can all be clues, depending on the target of the attacker. They can also point to another SQLi attack that the attacker is trying.

Out-of-band injection

This attack is a bit complex and may be used when an attacker is unable to achieve his goal in a single direct query-response attack. Typically, an attacker makes SQL statements that, when presented to the database, trigger the database system to create a connection to an external server controlled by the attacker. In this way, an attacker can collect data or possibly control the behavior of the database.

Second-order injection is an out-of-band injection attack. In this case, the attacker will provide SQL injection, which will be stored and executed by a separate behavior of the database system. When secondary system behavior occurs (it may be similar to a time-based job or something triggered by other typical administrators or users using a database) and an attacker's SQL injection is performed, that is, attacker control occurs when it is "protruded" to the system.

How to prevent SQL injection attacks?

The following recommendations can help prevent successful SQL injection attacks:

Do not use dynamic SQL

Avoid putting user-supplied input directly into SQL statements; it's safer to use prepared statements and parameterized queries.

Do not keep sensitive data in plain text

Encrypt private / confidential data stored in the database; this provides another level of protection against an attacker successfully draining sensitive data.

Restrict database permissions and privileges

Set the functionality of the database user to a minimum; this limits what an attacker can do when trying to gain access.

Avoid displaying database errors directly to the user

Attackers can use these error messages to obtain information about the database.

Use Web Application Firewall (WAF) for Web applications that access the database

This provides protection for Web-oriented applications, which can help identify SQL injection attempts; depending on the settings, it can also help prevent SQL injection attempts from reaching the application (and the database).

Periodically test Web applications that interact with the database

Doing so can help catch new errors or regression that may allow SQL injection.

Update the database to the latest available patch

This prevents attackers from taking advantage of known weaknesses / errors in older versions.

Summary: SQL injection is a popular method of attack, but by taking appropriate precautions, such as ensuring data encryption, protecting and testing Web applications, and you are the latest patch, you can take meaningful steps to keep your data secure.

The above is all the methods to prevent SQL injection attacks, thank you for reading! I believe we all have a certain understanding, hope to share the content to help you, if you want to learn more knowledge, welcome to follow the industry information channel!

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