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What is the basis of linux?

2025-01-16 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Servers >

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What is the specific basis of linux? in view of this problem, this article introduces the corresponding analysis and solutions in detail, hoping to help more partners who want to solve this problem to find a more simple and feasible way.

View ip

Ifconfig: view virtual machine ip

Hostname-I: view ip

Environment variable configuration

Global: / etc/profile

Personal: ~ / .bash_profile or ~ / .bashrc

Effective configuration

Global: source / etc/profile

Individual:. .bash _ profile (.bashrc) or source .bash _ profile (.bashrc)

Alias

Alias: check what aliases are in the virtual machine

Set up a temporary alias:

Alias rt='cd / home/hadoop' (= no spaces before and after)

Set permanent alias: need to configure to the user's environment variable, and then execute the effective command

1. Modify the root user's profile: vi / etc/profile

two。 Add: alias rt='cd / home/hadoop' command on the last line

3. Execute the effective command: source / etc/profile

View History Command (history)

History # shows all the history

History n # shows n records

! n # execute Article n record

Pipe command (|)

There are commands on both sides of the pipe. The command on the left is executed first, and the result of the execution is used as the input of the command on the right.

How to query the port number and ip of a program (ntp)?

Netstat-nlp | grep ntp

Common commands for users and user groups:

Add user (useradd)

Query user information (id user name)

Delete user (userdel)

Add a user to a new user group (usermod)

Change password (passwd)

Switch users (su) when we use su-switch users, we also execute the user's profile (/ home/grace/.bash_profile). Generally use su-switch users.

Modify the users and user groups to which the file or folder belongs (chown)

Modify file permissions (chmod)

Sudo command to set root permissions for ordinary users

Operations on RPM packages

Rpm-qa queries all software installed on linux

Rpm-qa | grep sudo queries the sudo software installed on the operating system

Rpm-e software name (uninstall)

Rpm-e sudo deletes the sudo software and deletes the / etc/sudoers file as well, but the system automatically generates a

/ etc/sudoers.rpmsave file backup source file

The dependency problem of rpm

When you use rpm to install or uninstall software in the linux operating system, there will be

Dependency problems exist, such as: to install a software, first install b software and c software.

If you want to forcibly install or uninstall without considering dependencies, you need to use the-nodeps parameter

-nodeps do not verify package dependencies

Rpm-e-nodeps software name # forcibly uninstall the software

YUM

Yum [- y] install software name

Query

Yum list # query the software on the yum source

Yum list installed | more

Query software packages that have been installed on this computer

# yum list updates | more

Query software packages that can be updated

Unloading

Yum [- y] remove software name

-y: automatically enter yes during uninstallation

Wget downloads network resources

Wget network address

# download the files on the network and store them in the current directory

Wget-O file name network address

# after a file on the network is downloaded, it is directly stored in a file

Wget-b network address

# download network files in the background

Compression and decompression

Package Compression Command

Files packaged and compressed using tar end with .tar.gz

Compress the file:

Tar-zcvf filename.tar.gz file1 file2...

Extract the file:

Tar-zxvf filename.tar.gz

Tar-zxvf filename.tar.gz-C directory # unzipped to the specified directory

Check the hard disk, memory and system condition.

F-h check the usage of the hard drive

Free-m to view memory usage

Top to check the system status

Job scheduling (crontab)

Check which jobs are under the current user: crontab-l

Add, edit: crontab-e

Execute commands in the background

. / test.sh &

Nohup. / test.sh &-"generate nohup.out

Nohup. / test.sh > test.log 2 > & 1 &

Screen:

Screen-list View session

Screen-S xxx establishes a background session

Screen-r xxx/id enters the session

Exit session: ctrl+a+d-"[detached] detach

This is the end of the answer to the specific questions about the basis of linux. I hope the above content can be of some help to you. If you still have a lot of doubts to be solved, you can follow the industry information channel to learn more about it.

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