Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

In this issue, the editor will bring you four suggestions for the novice operation and maintenance of Linux system. The article is rich in content and analyzed and described from a professional point of view. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

With the popularity of computers and the development of the Internet, Linux, a powerful siege weapon in the hands of hackers, has gradually entered the line of sight of ordinary people, making more and more people come into contact with Linux, learn Linux and then devote themselves to the operation and maintenance of Linux.

There are many ways to learn Linux, you can participate in a variety of online and offline training, no matter which way of learning, I think most of them are to install the Linux system in the virtual machine, and then carry out various operations. Because doing so is the most economical and effective at present, only a laptop is enough, no other extra expenses are allowed, and because it is a virtual machine, you can do whatever you want, and you don't have to be afraid of causing damage to hardware and data. if the system is messed up, you only need to restore the snapshot, if not, just rebuild a virtual machine, so there's nothing to worry about. Everyone can let go and do it boldly.

This way, for understanding Linux system commands is very helpful, through their own actual operation, you can deeply understand the implementation results of various commands. But in this way, in fact, there is also a problem, especially for novices who have just entered the Linxu operation and maintenance work, because they have just entered the work, they may not have come out of the previous learning state and do not realize the importance of data in the actual work, coupled with the excitement brought about by the transition from virtual machine operation to physical machine operation. Most students can't help but experience a command operation on the physical machine, and then. It's possible that there won't be any.

Well, although it is a bit of an exaggeration, after all, this situation is real. Here I have sorted out some operation items that novice Linux operators need to pay attention to for you to learn together. I hope I can give you some help. If there are any inadequacies, welcome to comment.

First, make a good backup

Get into the habit of backing up and then operating when modifying or deleting relevant data. For example, when you want to modify the configuration file, it is recommended to comment on the original option, and then copy and modify it. If you want to modify the data of a database, it is best to fully back up the entire database first, and then modify the operation, so that even if the modification is wrong, you can restore the backup and reduce the loss.

Of course, for the operation of the database, it is best not to operate directly in the database, but through the software matched with the database. Although the operation through the software may (mostly) be much more troublesome than operating directly in the database, it can keep the data relationship as accurate and complete as possible and avoid all kinds of logic errors.

You know, in practical work, data is more important than anything else, the importance of data is more important than you think, and all operations involving data cannot be too careful.

Second, update carefully

In fact, not only Linux, for all servers, stability is greater than everything else, not the fastest, but the most stable, the so-called speed, function, to be basically stable on the basis of implementation, otherwise it is meaningless.

So if not tested, do not directly use the new software on the server, of course, with the exception of software updates involving major vulnerabilities, if there is no security, stability is useless.

Third, pay attention to safety

The importance of security is self-evident. In order to make the server more secure, sometimes some speed and performance have to be sacrificed. There are many ways to ensure server security, such as disabling root users, changing the default port numbers of ssh and other programs, limiting firewall ports, being able to use services initiated by ordinary users, not using root, and keeping all kinds of service permissions to a minimum. In addition, you can use third-party software to detect changes to system key files and various service configuration files, such as / etc/passwd,/etc/my.cnf,/etc/httpd/con/httpd.con, etc., and use a centralized log monitoring system to monitor / var/log/secure,/etc/log/message,ftp uploads and downloads files and other alarm error logs. In addition, for port scanning, you can also use some third-party software to find that it is scanned and directly pulled into the host.deny. This information is very helpful for troubleshooting after the system has been invaded.

Security is a big topic, but it is also a very basic work. If the foundation is done well, the security of the system can be quite improved. For novices in Linux operation and maintenance, they only need to do the foundation well, and the rest is done by security experts.

Fourth, keep a state of mind

For beginners in Linux operation and maintenance, it is possible that after the first one or two months of freshness and curiosity, they get tired of the almost constant work life and lose their initial enthusiasm for Linux operation and maintenance work, which is also a necessary process for most people who have just entered the workplace. At this point, you can slow down your work a little bit and think about why you chose Linux operation and maintenance in the first place. Think about how much you have paid, is it a pity to give up now? Does your current job teach you anything new? What do you have to do in order to improve your work ability.

Sunshine is always after the wind and rain, only through experience, can you really understand that ups and downs are a part of life, without any part, your life can be said to be incomplete. When we face difficulties and enter difficulties, we can only face them bravely and face them squarely in order to get out of the predicament and usher in a new life. Escape, in the end, can not solve any problems, will only make themselves more vulnerable.

These are the four suggestions shared by the editor to the novice operation and maintenance of the Linux system. If you happen to have similar doubts, please refer to the above analysis to understand. If you want to know more about it, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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