How to build File Server by Linux
Today, I will talk to you about how to build a file server in Linux. Many people may not know much about it. In order to make you understand better, the editor has summarized the following contents for you. I hope you can get something according to this article.
At a team or company level, it is necessary to be a local file server and download online resources locally. This will save a lot of download time for others.
The concrete method of building file server by Linux
Samba service
Function: shared directory (smb protocol) software: samba server, samba-client client configuration file: / etc/samba/smb.conf service: smb, nmb port: smb-> 139/tcp, 445/tcp provides file sharing function nmb-> 137/udp, 138/udp provides parsing computer name configuration file: / etc/samba/smb.conf
Global configuration
[global] workgroup = MYGROUP > > set workgroup name server string = Samba Server Version% v > > display samba software version information interfaces = lo eth0 192.168.12.2 24 192.168.13.2 > IP address hosts allow for samba service monitoring. 192.168.12. 192.168.13. > set only which hosts are allowed to access hosts deny = 192.168.12. 192.168.1.1 security 24 > which hosts are denied access to share = user > access based on user authentication > Anonymous access to shared directory configuration
[share name] comment = > > description information path = / bj > > specify directory name browseable = yes > > downloadable file writable = yes > uploadable file public = yes > allow all users to access write list = user1 > only allow user1 to upload files example:
Environment description: Linux 192.168.122.105 Centos 7.2 file sharing server Windows/Linux client requirements: share the local / caiwu directory through samba software, the client can be accessed through martin users, only allow them to download files to close SELinux, firewall
[root@file-server ~] # setenforce 0 [root@file-server ~] # getenforce Permissive [root@file-server ~] # vim / etc/sysconfig/selinux
[root@file-server ~] # systemctl stop firewalld.service [root@file-server ~] # systemctl disable firewalld.service
Install softwar
[root@file-server ~] # yum install-y samba samba-client
Edit the configuration file, share / caiwu directory
[root@file-server ~] # mkdir / caiwu [root@file-server ~] # touch / caiwu/ {1.. 5} .mp3
[root@file-server ~] # vim / etc/samba/smb.conf
[caiwu] comment = It is a test path = / caiwu browseable = yes create a shared user
[root@file-server ~] # useradd martin [root@file-server ~] # smbpasswd-a martin New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: Added user martin.
[root@file-server ~] # pdbedit-L > View shared user martin:1001: [root@file-server ~] #
Start the service
[root@file-server ~] # systemctl start smb [root@file-server ~] # systemctl enable smb
[root@file-server] # ss-antp | grep smbd LISTEN 0 50: 139 *: users: (("smbd", pid=2804,fd=38)) LISTEN 0 50 *: 445 *: * users: (("smbd", pid=2804,fd=37)) LISTEN 050:: 139: * users: (("smbd", pid=2804,fd=36)) LISTEN 050: 445:: * users: ("smbd", pid=2804,fd=35))
Test access
Windows client:
\\ 192.168.122.105 cancel the sharing of the user host directory [root@file-server ~] # vim / etc/samba/smb.conf
[homes] comment = Home Directories browseable = no writable = yes
[root@file-server ~] # systemctl restart smb
Linux client:
[root@client ~] # yum install-y samba-client
[root@client ~] # smbclient / / 192.168.122.105/caiwu-U martin
Configure to allow martin users to upload files
Edit configuration file
[root@file-server ~] # vim / etc/samba/smb.conf
[caiwu]... Writable = yes [root@file-server ~] # systemctl restart smb
Set local permissions for a directory
[root@file-server] # setfacl-m u:martin:rwx / caiwu/
Example:
Share the local / shichang directory through samba software, allow martin users to download files, allow admin users to upload files to create directories, and create shared users
[root@file-server ~] # mkdir / shichang [root@file-server ~] # touch / shichang/ {1. 5} .jpg [root@file-server ~] # [root@file-server ~] # useradd admin [root@file-server ~] # smbpasswd-an admin New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: Added user admin. [root@file-server] # [root@file-server] # pdbedit-L martin:1001: admin:1002: [root@file-server ~] #
Edit configuration file
[root@file-server ~] # vim / etc/samba/smb.conf
[shichang] path = / shichang browseable = yes write list = admin [root@file-server ~] # systemctl restart smb
[root@file-server] # chown admin / shichang/ [root@file-server] # ls-ldh / shichang/ drwxr-xr-x. 2 admin root 66 February 21 12:00 / shichang/ [root@file-server ~] #
Test access
Clear the shared cache for windows
Net use * / delwindows sets the network map drive to access the share
FTP-File Transport Protocol File transfer Protocol
Connection mode of FTP protocol: active connection passive connection
Software: vsftpd profile: / etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf Service: vsftpd Port: 21/tcp Command connection Port 20/tcp data connection Port (active)
FTP root directory: user host directory
Access method: anonymous user access (ftp) user authenticated access
Example: build a FTP server with anonymous access
Install vsftpd softwar
[root@file-server ~] # yum install-y vsftpd
[root@file-server] # systemctl start vsftpd [root@file-server] # systemctl enable vsftpd Created symlink from / etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service to / usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service.
[root@file-server ~] # ss-antp | grep: 21 LISTEN 0 32: 21:: Users: ("vsftpd", pid=5748,fd=3))
Test access:
Windows: files that can be uploaded anonymously by ftp://192.168.122.105 FileZilla FTP client software
[root@file-server ~] # chmod otakw / var/ftp/pub/
Anon_upload_enable=YES > allow file upload anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES > allow upload directory anon_other_write_enable=YES > allow other modifications (delete, rename, etc.)
Anon_umask=022 > allow other users to download files from anonymous users
Anon_root=/company > change the root directory of the anonymous user's FTP
FTP services authenticated by local users
Example: build FTP yum source to provide MySQL installation package
[root@file-server] # ls / rpm/mysql/ mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@file-server ~] # createrepo / rpm/mysql/
[root@file-server ~] # vim / etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
Anon_root=/ RPM [root @ file-server ~] # systemctl restart vsftpd
Use ftp source:
[root@client ~] # cat / etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo
[Centos] name=centos7u2 baseurl= ftp://172.16.8.100/centos7u2 enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
[mysql] name=mysql baseurl= ftp://192.168.122.105/mysql enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
Nfs-Network File System network file system
Function: data sharing among Linux servers
Software: nfs-utils rpcbind
[root@file-server] # rpm-Q rpcbind rpcbind-0.2.0-32.el7.x86_64
[root@file-server ~] # rpm-Q nfs-utils nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.21.el7.x86_64 [root@file-server ~] #
Directory export file-/ etc/exports
File format:
Directory name client address (permissions) client address: IP address 192.168.1.1 network segment 192.168.1.0 rw 24 * permissions: ro read-only rw read-write sync synchronous async Asynchronous all_squash client all files uploaded by users belong to nfsnobody root_squash client root user uploaded files will be mapped to nfsnobody no_ The file uploaded by the root_squash client root user still belongs to the root anonuid= anongid= example:
Share the local directory / webdata through nfs, allowing 192.168.122.121 to be mounted read-only
[root@file-server ~] # mkdir / webdata [root@file-server ~] # touch / webdata/ {1.. 10} .html
[root@file-server ~] # cat / etc/exports / webdata 192.168.122.121 (ro) [root@file-server ~] #
[root@file-server ~] # systemctl restart rpcbind [root@file-server ~] # systemctl restart nfs-server
[root@file-server ~] # systemctl enable nfs-server
[root@file-server ~] # showmount-e localhost Export list for localhost: / webdata 192.168.122.121 [root@file-server ~] #
Client:
[root@client ~] # mount 192.168.122.105:/webdata / www/
[root@client ~] # ls / www/ 10.html 1.html 2.html 3.html 4.html 5.html 6.html 7.html 8.html 9.html
Auto mount:
* 1* | 0**vim / etc/fstab**
192.168.122.105:/webdata / www nfs defaults 0 0
Example 2:
Share the local directory / mysqldata through nfs, allowing 192.168.122.121 to be mounted read-write
[root@file-server ~] # mkdir / mysqldata [root@file-server ~] # touch / mysqldata/ {1.. 10} .SQL [root@file-server ~] # chmod otakw / mysqldata/
[root@file-server] # vim / etc/exports... / mysqldata 192.168.122.121 (rw)
[root@file-server ~] # exportfs-rav exporting 192.168.122.121:/mysqldata exporting 192.168.122.121:/webdata [root@file-server ~] #
Client:
[root@client ~] # vim / etc/fstab
192.168.122.105:/mysqldata / database nfs defaults 0 0
[root@client] # mount-a
[root@client ~] # df-h File system capacity available available Mount Point / dev/mapper/centos-root 7.3G 4.4G 3.0G 60% / devtmpfs 230M 0230M 0% / devtmpfs 245M 0245m 0% / dev/shm tmpfs 245M 4.7M 240M 2% / run tmpfs 245M 0245m 0% / sys/fs/cgroup / dev/mapper/centos-home 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% / home / dev/ Vda1 512M 141M 372M 28% / boot tmpfs 49M 049M 0% / run/user/0 192.168.122.105:/webdata 7.3G 3.6G 3.8G 49% / www 192.168.122.105:/mysqldata 7.3G 3.6G 3.8G 49% / database
After reading the above, do you have any further understanding of how Linux builds a file server? If you want to know more knowledge or related content, please follow the industry information channel, thank you for your support.
