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In this article, the editor introduces in detail "how to learn the single-chip microcomputer". The content is detailed, the steps are clear, and the details are handled properly. I hope this article "how to learn the single-chip microcomputer well" can help you solve your doubts. Let's learn new knowledge.

Understand the development process of single-chip microcomputer application system

The purpose of learning the single-chip microcomputer is to develop the embedded system. To learn the single-chip microcomputer well, we must first have an overall understanding. The following will briefly introduce the development process of the single-chip microcomputer application system, as shown in figure 1-22.

Figure 1-22 Development flow of single-chip microcomputer system

(1) define the task

Analyze and understand the overall requirements of the project, and comprehensively consider the system environment, reliability requirements, maintainability and product cost and other factors to develop a feasible performance index.

(2) dividing the functions of software and hardware

The single-chip microcomputer system is composed of software and hardware. In the application system, some functions can be realized not only by hardware but also by software. The use of hardware can improve the real-time performance and reliability of the system, and the use of software can reduce the cost of the system and simplify the hardware structure. Therefore, in the overall consideration, we must comprehensively analyze the above factors and make a reasonable proportion of hardware and software tasks.

(3) determine the single-chip microcomputer and other key components you want to use.

According to the hardware design task, we select the single-chip microcomputer and other key devices that can meet the system requirements and have high performance-to-price ratio, such as A-hand D, D-A converter, sensor, amplifier and so on. These devices need to meet the requirements of system accuracy, speed and reliability.

(4) hardware design

According to the overall design requirements, as well as the selected single-chip microcomputer and key devices, the circuit schematic diagram of the application system is designed by using Protel and other software.

(5) Software design

On the basis of the overall system design and hardware design, determine the program structure of the software system and divide the functional modules, and then carry on the program design of each module.

Single-chip microcomputer programming languages can be divided into three categories:

➢ machine language: also known as binary object code, is the only language that CPU hardware can directly recognize (the meaning of its code was determined at the time of the design of CPU). All the operations that people want to perform on the computer must eventually be converted into the corresponding machine language recognized and controlled by CPU. CPU series is different, its machine language code meaning is not the same.

➢ assembly language: because the machine language must be converted into binary code description, it is not easy to remember, use and write programs directly, so the assembly language corresponding to the machine language is produced. The program written in assembly language has the advantages of fast execution speed, less memory unit and high efficiency.

➢ high-level language: the high-level language has good readability, which makes the programming and operation very convenient. At present, the widely used high-level language is C51.

Both assembly and high-level languages must be translated into machine languages before they can be recognized by CPU.

(6) Simulation and debugging

After the end of the software and hardware design, it is necessary to enter the stage of integration and debugging. In order to avoid wasting resources, Keil C51 and Proteus software can be used to simulate the system before the actual circuit board is generated, and problems can be modified in time.

(7) system debugging

After completing the system simulation, using Protel and other drawing software, draw the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) printed circuit board diagram according to the circuit schematic diagram, and then give the PCB diagram to the relevant manufacturers to produce the circuit board. After getting the circuit board, in order to replace the device and modify the circuit, you can first weld the required chip socket on the circuit board and use the programmer to write the program into the single-chip microcomputer.

Then insert the single-chip microcomputer and other chips into the corresponding chip sockets, turn on the power supply and other input and output devices, and jointly debug the system until the debugging is successful.

(8) Test modification and user trial

After the test meets the requirements, the system is handed over to the user for trial, the actual problems are modified and improved, and the development of the system is completed.

Discussion on the Learning method of single Chip Microcomputer

The process of single-chip microcomputer learning should be a process of gradual, continuous learning and continuous accumulation, which is roughly divided into three stages.

The first stage: master the necessary basic knowledge of the development of single-chip microcomputer.

First of all, it is proficient in mastering the basic principles of single-chip microcomputer. although there are many single-chip microcomputer manufacturers, the basic structures and principles of each single-chip microcomputer are relatively similar. for example, kernel structure, memory allocation, interrupt processing, timing counting, serial communication, port reuse and other basic concepts and principles. In addition, we also need to learn analog electronics, digital electronics, C language program development and schematic and PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board) design and other knowledge. Only a solid grasp of these knowledge, in the system development, can smoothly carry out the principle design, PCB layout board, programming, system joint debugging and other work.

The second stage: on the basis of mastering the principle and application of a single-chip microcomputer, we begin to learn from other single-chip computers to understand their unique functions and characteristics.

For example, if customers require low cost in practical work, then we can choose Taiwan chips such as Hetai, Yilong and Huabang; if customers require industrial-grade performance, it is best to choose from PIC, NEC, Freescale, NXP and other European and American and Japanese single-chip microcontrollers; if you want to develop power consumption, choosing MSP430 series should have certain advantages. In the design of measuring instruments, digital-analog hybrid chips such as C8051 and AduC842 appear to be more practical.

In addition, we should pay attention to the accumulation of technology at ordinary times. In the process of project development, some commonly used interface programs and control algorithms are sorted into modules or functions. if there are the same or similar requirements in other project development in the future, the original program can be used directly or after a small amount of changes. this will save a lot of development costs.

The third stage: in the actual project development process, continue to in-depth study of single-chip microcomputer application technology, continue to accumulate professional knowledge of the application industry.

After having a solid basic knowledge of single-chip microcomputer application and mastering the development methods of several different types of single-chip microcomputer, it is often necessary to understand and master the relevant principles and analysis methods of peripheral circuits for all kinds of practical application projects. and combined with the actual application background, comprehensive consideration of various factors in order to design the single-chip microcomputer application system with the best performance and the most reasonable structure.

After reading this, the article "how to learn MCU" has been introduced. If you want to master the knowledge points of this article, you still need to practice and use it yourself to understand it. If you want to know more about related articles, welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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