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This article mainly introduces how to use the shutil module in Python, has a certain reference value, interested friends can refer to, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, the following let the editor take you to understand it.

Comparing the functions of the os module with those contained in the shutil module, you will find that they have some duplication. So why is there a situation where two modules provide the same function? This involves the positioning of the standard library module. Os module encapsulates the interface of the operating system, and its main function is cross-platform. Shutil module includes functions of copying, moving, renaming, deleting file directories and compressed packages. The main function is to manage files and directories, so they do not conflict and complement each other. For common file operations, shutil is easier to use. Use the function under the os module if the corresponding function is not provided in shutil.

1. Copy file shutil.copy ('src','dst') 2, copy directory shutil.copytree (' src','dst') 3, move directory or file (rename) shutil.move ('src','dst') 4, delete directory shutil.rmtree (' path') 5, change owner and subordinate group shutil.chown ('path','user','group') 6, find command absolute path shutil.which (' cmd') 7, get disk usage space total Used, free = shutil.disk_usage ("path") print ("current disk:% iGB, used:% iGB, remaining:% iGB"% (total / 1073741824, used / 1073741824, free / 1073741824))

Note: the default unit is bytes, so it is converted to GB. The formula is as follows:

1KB = 1024 bytes, 1MB = 1024KB, 1GB = 1024MB; so: 1G=1073741824 bytes. That's why it's divided by 1073741824.

8. Archive and unpack 1) get the unpackaged file format supported by the current system (suffix) shutil.get_unpack_formats () 2) get the compressed file format supported by the current system (suffix) shutil.get_archive_formats () 3) Archive compressed shutil.make_archive ('test','gztar','./') # package all files under the current directory as test.tar.gz

The parameters are explained as follows (starting from left to right):

Base_name: the file name of the compressed package, or the path of the compressed package. If it is just a file name, it is saved to the current directory, otherwise to the specified path. For example: / Users/wupeiqi/www = > Save to / Users/wupeiqi/

Gztar: compressed package type. Available values are: "zip", "tar", "bztar", "gztar"

. /: folder path to be compressed (default current directory)

4) unzip shutil.unpack_archive (filename,extract_dir=None,format=None) # Chestnut: shutil.unpack_archive ('test.tar.gz','/opt/tlv')

Filename: file path

Extract_dir: the folder path to which you extracted it. The folder may not exist and will be generated automatically

Format: the decompression format, which defaults to None, is automatically selected according to the extension.

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