Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Common network management commands in network configuration rhel/Centos: setting ip basic information related configuration files

Version 5: system-config-network (setup)

Configuration file location: / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth [0murn]

Version 7: nmcil nmtui (graphical interface)

Configuration file location: / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-en*

Ifcfg-eth0,ifcfg-en* Network profile Information

TYPE=Ethernet # interface type is Ethernet card

BOOTPROTO=none # access address Protocol dhcp (automatic acquisition), static (manual configuration), none

HWADDR=00:0C:29:75:A1:89 # Network Card MAC

UUID=be9d332f-ae79-42b6-8040-d2d431e4e195 # network card identification

# DEVICE=eno16777736 # 7 series Nic name

The name of the network card of DEVICE=eth0 # 5jue 6 series

ONBOOT=yes # automatically activates the network card when booting, but no does not activate

IPADDR=10.76.249.91

GATEWAY=10.76.249.2

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

DNS=8.8.4.4

Configure IP addr

Add IP address temporarily and expire after restart

Ip addr add 192.168.1.150/24 dev eth0

Or

# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.150 up # will fail after restart. The first Nic is eth0, the second is eth2, and so on.

# ifconfig

Eth0 1.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:A1:89

Inet addr:192.168.1.150 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

Inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:a189/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:5682 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:4136 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

Collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:412252 (402.5 KiB) TX bytes:4464715 (4.2 MiB)

Configure default rout

# ip route add default via 192.168.1.1

# default via 192.168.1.1 devinterface

Check the relevant status of the network card 1. View IP

# ip addr show

1: lo: mtu 65536 disc noqueue state UNKNOWN

Link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

Inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

Valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Inet6:: 1/128 scope host

Valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eno16777736: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

Link/ether 200:0c:29:e1:c5:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

Inet 310.76.249.91/24 brd 10.76.249.255 scope global eno16777736

Valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee1:c58a/64 scope link

Valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

1: the network card status has been started

2: the mac address of the network card

3: the "eno16777736" address of the network card

Or

# ifconfig

Eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:75:A1:89

Inet addr:192.168.1.150 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

Inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe75:a189/64 Scope:Link

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:6386 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:4436 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

Collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:467110 (456.1 KiB) TX bytes:4502451 (4.2 MiB)

Lo Link encap:Local Loopback

Inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

Inet6 addr: 1/128 Scope:Host

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1

RX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

Collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:3482 (3.4 KiB) TX bytes:3482 (3.4 KiB)

Or

# nmcli dev show eth0

GENERAL. Equipment: eth0

GENERAL. Type: ethernet

GENERAL. Hard disk: 00:0C:29:E1:C5:8A

GENERAL.MTU: 1500

GENERAL. Status: 100 (connected)

GENERAL.CONNECTION: eno16777736

GENERAL.CON-PATH: / org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1

WIRED-PROPERTIES. Containers: opening

IP4. Address [1]: 10.76.249.91 Universe 24

IP4. Gateway: 10.76.249.2

IP6. Address [1]: fe80::20c:29ff:fee1:c58a/64

IP6. Gateway:

two。 Check the status of sending and receiving packets

# ip-s link show eth0

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

Link/ether 00:0c:29:75:a1:89 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast

477844 6528 0 0 0

TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns

4508951 4492 0 0 0

Or

# ifconfig-s eth0

Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg

Eth0 1500 0 6459 00 0 4455 00 0 BMRU

3. Display displays the host default route

# ip route

Default via 10.76.249.2 dev eth0 proto static metric 100

10.76.249.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.76.249.91 metric 100

4. Show connection status

Commonly used options

Ss and netstat are used similarly, but ss is more efficient and consumes less performance.

Option

Function

-l

Connection in listening statu

-n

The service name is displayed as a number without parsing

-t

Show TCP connection

-u

Show UDP connection

-a

Show all statu

-p

Displays the connection initiated by which process

Common combinations

-tan,-tanl.-tanlp.-uan.

Several kinds of status information

State: LISTEN (monitoring), ESTAB (established link)

# ss-tna

State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port local port Peer Address:Port client port

LISTEN 0 128:: 22: *

LISTEN 0 128 *: 22 *: *

LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1 purl 6010 *: *

LISTEN 0 128:: 1 6010::

LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1 purl 6011 *: *

LISTEN 0 128:: 1 6011:: *

LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1 purl 6012 *: *

LISTEN 0 128:: 1 6012:: *

LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1 purl 6013 *: *

LISTEN 0 128:: 1 6013:: *

ESTAB 0 0 192.168.1.106:22 192.168.1.103:63167

ESTAB 0 0 192.168.1.150:22 192.168.1.103:63753

ESTAB 0 52 192.168.1.150:22 192.168.1.103:54953

ESTAB 0 0 192.168.1.106:22 192.168.1.103:63134

Centos/Redhat 7 Series returns to traditional Nic naming

Modify the contents of the network card file

# cat / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg- eno16777736

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=none

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

NAME=eno16777736

UUID=be9d332f-ae79-42b6-8040-d2d431e4e195

# DEVICE=eno16777736 # comment out the original name

DEVICE=eth0 # traditional naming

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=10.76.249.91

GATEWAY=10.76.249.2

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

Rename the network card file

# mv / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736 / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Edit / etc/default/grub configuration file

# vim / etc/default/grub

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved

GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true

GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT= "console"

# GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= "rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet" # before modification

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= "net.ifnames=0 rhgb quiet" # modified

GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY= "true"

Generate its configuration file for grub2

# grub2-mkconfig-o / etc/grub2.cfg

Generating grub configuration file...

Found linux p_w_picpath: / boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64

Found initrd p_w_picpath: / boot/initramfs-3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64.img

Found linux p_w_picpath: / boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-16de415bcbd643d886010c2fe954d9cb

Found initrd p_w_picpath: / boot/initramfs-0-rescue-16de415bcbd643d886010c2fe954d9cb.img

Done

Restart the system

Verification result

# ip addr show eth0

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

Link/ether 00:0c:29:e1:c5:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

Inet 10.76.249.91/24 brd 10.76.249.255 scope global eth0

Valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee1:c58a/64 scope link

Valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Nmcli

Nmcli: network management command line interface: NetworkManagerCommand-Line Interface

Nmtui: network management text user interface: NetworkManager Text-User Interface

Network configuration commands after RHEL7

[root@localhost conf.d] # nmcli-- help

Usage: nmcli [OPTIONS] OBJECT {COMMAND | help}

OPTIONS

-t [erse] terse output

-p [retty] pretty output

-m [ode] tabular | multiline output mode

-f [ields] | all | common specify fields to output

-e [scape] yes | no escape columns separators in values

-n [ocheck] don't check nmcli and NetworkManager versions

-a [sk] ask for missing parameters

-w [ait] set timeout waiting for finishing operations

-v [ersion] show program version

-h [elp] print this help

OBJECT

G [eneral] NetworkManager's general status and operations

N [etworking] overall networking control

R [adio] NetworkManager radio switches

C [onnection] NetworkManager's connections is abbreviated to c

D [evice] devices managed by NetworkManager abbreviated as d

A [gent] NetworkManager secret agent or polkit agent

Reload the network configuration file

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli c reload

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli c load/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Configure IP addr

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli con mod eno16777736 ipv4.addresses' 192.168.1.119 Universe 24'

Use the Nic name to view # nmcli con show

Configure DNS

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli con mod eno16777736 ipv4.dns' 8.8.4.4'

Configure the gateway

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli con mod eno16777736 ipv4.gateway '192.168.1.1'

Disable and enable the network card

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli dev dis eth0

Dis is disconnect

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli con up eth0

View relevant information

[root@localhost ~] # nmcli device status

DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION

Eth0 ethernet connected eno16777736

Lo loopback unmanaged--

The nmtui graphical configuration interface is relatively simple.

[root@localhost ~] # nmtui

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