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This article introduces the relevant knowledge of "how to distinguish between 8-bit and 16-bit single-chip microcomputer". In the operation process of actual cases, many people will encounter such difficulties. Next, let Xiaobian lead you to learn how to deal with these situations! I hope you can read carefully and learn something!

Hardware Characteristics of Single-Chip Microcomputer

1. Mainstream MCU includes CPU, RAM with 4KB capacity, ROM with 128KB capacity, 2 16-bit timer/counters, 4 8-bit parallel ports, full-duplex serial port, ADC/DAC, SPI, I2C, ISP, IAP.

2, the system structure is simple, easy to use, modular;

3, MCU reliability is high, can work to 10^6~10^7 hours without fault;

4. Strong processing function and fast speed.

5, low voltage, low power consumption, easy to produce portable products

6, strong control function

7. Strong environmental adaptability.

Type of MCU 4-bit MCU

4-bit microcontroller structure is simple, cheap, very suitable for controlling a single small electronic products, such as PC input devices (mouse, joystick), battery chargers, remote controls, electronic toys, small household appliances and so on.

8-bit MCU

8-bit microcontroller is the most abundant variety, the most widely used microcontroller, at present, 8-bit microcontroller is mainly divided into 51 series and non-51 series microcontroller. 51 series single-chip microcomputer with its typical structure, a large number of logic bit operation functions, as well as rich instruction system, can be called a generation of "famous machine."

16-bit MCU

The operating speed and data throughput capability of 16-bit MCU are greatly improved compared with 8-bit MCU. At present, more applications are TI's MSP430 series, Sunplus SPCE061A series, Motorola's 68HC16 series, Intel's MCS-96/196 series, etc.

32-bit microcontroller

Compared with 51 MCU, 32-bit MCU speed and function greatly improved, with the development of technology and price decline, will keep pace with 8-bit MCU. 32-bit MCU is mainly developed by ARM company, therefore, referring to 32-bit MCU, generally refers to ARM MCU. Strictly speaking, ARM is not a microcontroller, but a 32-bit processor core. There are many models of ARM chips used in practice. Common ARM chips mainly include Philips LPC2000 series, Samsung S3C/S3F/S3P series, etc.

How to distinguish between 8-bit and 16-bit microcontroller

The data bus width of 8-bit MCU is 8 bits, and usually only 8-bit data can be directly processed; the data bus width of 16-bit MCU is 16 bits, and usually 8-bit or 16-bit data can be directly processed.

The most essential difference is that the word length of the internal CPU is different, that is, the maximum number of bits of data processed by the CPU is different, there is a difference between 8-bit and 16-bit CPU, you can think of ALU, register word length, etc. Some 32-bit DSP chips have an external interface data bus of 16 bits, which is judged to be impossible according to this.

There is a difference in speed, depending on the CPU, register word length. 8-bit MCU can not directly process 16-bit data, according to 8-bit data to process, to be divided into several processes to complete. The 16-bit microcontroller can directly process 16 data, because its ALU, registers, etc. are 16-bit, can complete the 8-bit microcontroller to complete the action in multiple steps, especially for data processing, 16-bit microcontroller has its advantages. And 16-bit microcontroller data interface are mostly 16-bit.

Simply put, 16-bit is faster than 8-bit, 8-bit MCU development time is long, and the price is low. The most important thing is to be able to perform the task of development in many applications. The 16-bit microcontroller is much more powerful than the 8-bit one and is only used when needed.

The difference between the two is best reflected in the calculation. For example, 400+500 for 8-bit microcontroller to do 2 times 8-bit addition and integration (2^8=2568-bit microcontroller data processing can only be 255 at a time), and 16-bit microcontroller as long as one can because 2^16=65536400 and 500 are far less than this number.

1. Application in the field of household appliances

Now in the update of household appliances, market development and other aspects, the application of single-chip more and more widely, such as electronic toys or advanced TV game machines, will be applied to achieve its control function; and washing machines can use single-chip identification of the type of clothes and dirty degree, so as to automatically select washing intensity and washing time; in the refrigerator freezer using single-chip control can identify the type of food and preservation degree, to achieve automatic selection of refrigeration temperature and refrigeration time; Microwave ovens can also identify the type of food through the microcontroller to automatically determine the heating temperature and heating time, etc., these household appliances in the application of microcontroller technology, whether performance or function, compared with traditional technology have made great progress.

2. Application in the field of medical equipment

Modern medical conditions are more and more developed, people pay more and more attention to medical sterilization technology, but some small hospitals and clinics in remote areas have very simple sterilization equipment, which cannot effectively control the quality of disinfection. With the development of MCU technology, its small size, powerful function, flexible expansibility and convenient application are becoming more and more prominent, so it has been widely used in medical ventilators, analyzers and monitors, ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, sickbed call systems and other equipment.

3. Applications in the field of industrial control

In fact, the earliest MCU is from the industrial field began to rise, so far its application in the field of industrial control is still very extensive, the use of MCU technology to form a variety of data acquisition systems and intelligent control systems, such as intelligent management of factory assembly lines, intelligent elevators, alarm systems, etc., are through MCU technology and computer networking to form a secondary control system.

4. Application in the field of instrumentation

Single-chip microcomputer has the characteristics of high integration, small size, strong control function and flexibility of expansion, fast processing speed and high reliability, so it is widely used in the field of intelligent instruments. To some extent, SCM has driven a revolution in traditional measurement and control instrument technology, and realized the digitalization, intelligence, integration and multifunction of instrument technology through SCM technology. Compared with traditional electronic circuits or digital circuits, its functions are more powerful and comprehensive.

"SCM 8 and 16 is how to distinguish" the content of the introduction here, thank you for reading. If you want to know more about industry-related knowledge, you can pay attention to the website. Xiaobian will output more high-quality practical articles for everyone!

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