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What knowledge does linux operation and maintenance need to have? I believe there are many people do not understand, today, in order to let you know more about linux operation and maintenance, so give you a summary of the following content, let's look down together.

If you want to learn linux, you need to know what linux operators do.

Linux operation and maintenance from low to high score for basic operation and maintenance, senior operation and maintenance architect, different levels of operation and maintenance have different responsibilities, need to do different things, of course, need to master different skills.

Operation and maintenance personnel should follow the principle of "simple, easy to use and efficient". There are three main tenets for operation and maintenance services:

1. Enterprise data security.

2. The 24-hour business provides continuous service.

3. Continuously improve the user's feeling and experience.

The day-to-day work of junior and intermediate operation and maintenance is involved in:

1. Evaluate the product demand and development needs, and design the website structure.

2. Select IDC company, cloud products, CDN and other products.

3, purchase server, installation system, configuration service, server IDC on the shelf.

4. Debug the network, optimize the system and service.

5. Launch the code, build the environment with R & D, debug and test the code.

6. Monitor hardware, software and various business applications.

7. Configure to collect logs, alarm and optimize the system and services according to the log information

8. Solve daily problems, such as hardware (server, switch, hardware, network, etc.), software (network service), all kinds of business service failure.

9. Write automated scripts (Shell, Python) to automate the deployment of services.

The work involved in senior operation and maintenance or architect:

1. Monitor the changing trend of key resources and access information such as bandwidth, traffic, concurrency, business interface, etc.

2. Constantly optimize the structure of the website according to the corresponding trends.

3. Design all kinds of solutions to solve the website bottleneck encountered in the business development of the company.

4. Write various automation scripts (Shell, Python) to automate the deployment of optimization services.

5. Develop automatic deployment and management platform (CMDB) to realize platform operation and maintenance.

6. Develop operation and maintenance management platform and operation and maintenance tools to improve service efficiency.

7. Formulate operation and maintenance procedures, norms and systems, and promote them in an orderly manner.

8. Study the advanced concept and mode of operation and maintenance to ensure that the business is stable and orderly.

Ok, we will discuss the knowledge that needs to be mastered after knowing what the job of operation and maintenance is.

Linux should first learn the basics of Linux, and then learn about comprehensive architecture, Shell programming, databases, cloud computing, and network security.

1. First of all, the linux operating system is essential

If the Linux system is learning, you can choose redhat or centos, especially centos is the most widely used in enterprises, of course, there will be other versions, such as ubuntu,suse, debian and other systems that are also used in enterprises. Basic use, disk management, software package management, process management, user management and so on are the focus of learning.

2. Some of the most common simple services

There are many kinds of services, and each company will use different services, but the basic services must be mastered, such as ssh,apache,at,crontab,ftp,dns,nfs,nginx, etc., not only deployment, but also very familiar with the configuration, because the most important thing for the company is definitely the Web server, so nginx and apache should be particularly familiar, and some companies will also use tomcat.

3. Bash script programming

Shell is a must for the operation and maintenance staff. If you don't understand this, you can't even start the job. At least you have to write some system management scripts. The simplest thing is to write a script to monitor CPU and memory ratio. This is the most basic, do not think that you can write those who guess numbers and calculate what numbers, these are useless, only for learning significance, writing system scripts is the most meaningful

Sed and awk is the top priority in the process of script programming, we must master these two tools, but also master regular expressions, regular is the most difficult to learn expressions, but the combination of sed and awk will be very powerful, in dealing with text content and filtering Web content is very useful, but in learning shell at the same time will often be used in combination.

4. Text processing commands

All kinds of small commands, such as sort, tr, cut, paste, uniq, tee, etc., are required to learn.

5. Database

The most commonly used MySQL,linux is MySQL. You must learn to add, delete, modify and check, especially to learn to check. Other aspects may not be needed, because the operation and maintenance staff will check the most, and which optimization and development statements will not let you do it.

6. Firewall

Firewall is also a difficult point. It is difficult to say, but it is not easy to say. The most important thing is to understand the rules. Friends who have studied CCNA may be easier to learn, because iptables also has NAT tables, the principle is the same, and FILTER tables are used most often. Anyway, if you do not learn, you will definitely fail.

7. Monitoring tools

It is very important that zibbix and prometheus can be selected as one or two for the time being, but zibbix is the most commonly used by enterprises, because prometheus is a new generation of monitoring, and it is uncertain when the mature application will be used. What is certain now is that it is absolutely the top priority in container monitoring.

8. Cluster and hot backup

Very important, must understand, there are many cluster tools, LVS, nginx and so on, and hot backup, this is more tools can be implemented, such as keepalived, rhcs and so on

9. Data backup

There are many tools, but at least we should understand the principle of RAID, especially the most commonly used ones in enterprises, such as 1: 0 or 0: 1. We also have to do experiments by ourselves, and there are many backup tools, such as tar, dump, rsync and so on.

10. Automated operation and maintenance tools

Ansible,puppet,saltstack and so on are very popular automatic operation and maintenance tools, but they are difficult to master.

11. Cloud platform

Openstack,cloudstack and so on, especially openstack is the underlying platform of public cloud or private cloud adopted by most companies. In an it era where the world is full of clouds, things that don't understand point clouds really don't work.

12. Container platform

Another emerging technology after the cloud, which is now a mess, docker,kubernetes and so on, can almost be said to be something that you must learn if you want to get a high salary.

After reading the appeal, do you have a general understanding of what linux operation and maintenance needs to have? If you want to know more, welcome to follow the industry information channel!

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