Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

vi: Visual Interface

vim: VI iMproved

Full screen editor,

Vim mode:

Edit Mode (Command Mode)

input mode

last row mode

Mode conversion:

Edit--> Input:

i: Turn to input mode before the character where the current cursor is located;

a: After the character where the current cursor is located, switch to input mode;

o: Create a new line below the current cursor line and switch to input mode;

I: At the beginning of the line where the current cursor is located, switch to input mode

A: At the end of the line where the current cursor is located, switch to input mode

O: Create a new line above the current cursor line and switch to input mode;

Input--> Edit:

ESC

Edit--> Last line:

：

Last line--> Edit:

ESC,ESC

1. Open the file

# vim /path/to/somefile

vim+# : Open the file and navigate to line #

vim+: Open the file and navigate to the last line

vim+/PATTERN : Open the file and navigate to the beginning of the line first matched by PATTERN

Default is in edit mode

II. Close the file

1. Last line mode closes the file

:q Exit

:wq Save and exit

:q! Do not save and exit

:w Save

:w! forced preservation

:wq --> :x

2. Exit in edit mode

ZZ: Save and Exit

Move the cursor (edit mode)

1. Move character by character:

h: Left

L: Right

J: Down.

K: Up

#h: Move #characters;

2. Move in words

w: Move to the beginning of the next word

e: Jump to the ending of the current or next word

b: Jump to the beginning of the current or previous word

#w:

3. Intra-line jump:

0: absolute line header

^: First non-white space character at the beginning of a line

$: Absolute End of Line

4. Interline jump

#G: Jump to line #;

G: Last line

In the last row mode, you can directly give the row number.

IV. Flip screen

Ctrl+f: Scroll down one screen

Ctrl+b: Scroll up one screen

Ctrl+d: Scroll down half screen

Ctrl+u: Scroll up half screen

5. Delete a single character

x: Delete a single character where the cursor is located

#x: Delete #characters at cursor position and backward

VI. Delete Command: d

d command is used in combination with jump command;

#dw, #de, #db

dd: Delete the row where the current cursor is located

#dd: delete the #line including the line where the current cursor is located;

In last row mode:

StartADD,EndADDd

.: Represents the current row

$: Last line

+#: downward #line

VII. Paste command p

p: Paste to the bottom of the line where the cursor is located if the entire line is deleted or copied; paste to the back of the character where the cursor is located if the entire line is copied or deleted;

P: Paste above the line where the cursor is located if the deleted or copied content is the whole line; paste before the character where the cursor is located if the copied or deleted content is not the whole line;

VIII. Copy command y

Same as d command

IX. Modification: delete the content first, and then convert to input mode

c: Same as d command

X. Substitution: r

R: Replacement mode

XI. Undo editing operation u

u: Undo the previous edit

The u command undoes the previous n edits

#u: Undo the last #edits directly

Undo the last undo action: Ctrl+r

XIV. Search

/PATTERN

? PATTERN

n

N

XV. Find and replace

Using the s command in last line mode

ADDR1,ADDR2s@PATTERN@string@gi

1,$

%: indicates full text

Exercise: Replace ftp://instructor.example.com/pub with http://172.16.0.1/yum in the/etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo file

%s/ftp:\/\/instructor\.example\.com\/pub/http:\/\/172.16.0.1\/yum/g

%s@ftp://instructor\.example\.com/pub@http://172.16.0.1/yum@g

The document reads as follows:

# repos on instructor for cla***oom use

# Main rhel5 server

[base]

name=Instructor Server Repository

baseurl=ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/Server

gpgcheck=0

# This one is needed for xen packages

[VT]

name=Instructor VT Repository

baseurl=ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/VT

gpgcheck=0

# This one is needed for clusteringpackages

[Cluster]

name=Instructor Cluster Repository

baseurl=ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/Cluster

gpgcheck=0

# This one is needed for cluster storage(GFS, iSCSI target, etc...) packages

[ClusterStorage]

name=Instructor ClusterStorage Repository

baseurl=ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/ClusterStorage

gpgcheck=0

Edit multiple files using vim

vim FILE1 FILE2 FILE3

:next Switch to the next file

:prev Switch to previous file

:last Switch to the last file

:first Switch to the first file

exit

:qa all exit

Seventeen, split screen display a file

Ctrl+w, s: Split window horizontally

Ctrl+w, v: Split window vertically

Switch the cursor between windows:

Ctrl+w, ARROW

:qa Close all windows

XVIII. Edit multiple files by window

vim -o : Split display horizontally

vim -O : Vertical split display

Save part of the contents of the current file as another file

Use w command in last line mode

:w

:ADDR1,ADDR2w /path/to/somewhere

Fill the current file with the contents of another file

:r /path/to/somefile

21 Interacting with the shell

:! COMMAND

XXII. Advanced Topics

1. Display or cancel the row number

:set number

:set nu

:set nonu

2, display ignore or case-sensitive characters

:set ignorecase

:set ic

:set noic

3. Set automatic retraction

:set autoindent

:set ai

:set noai

4. Highlight or cancel the found text

:set hlsearch

:set nohlsearch

5. Grammar highlighting

:syntax on

:syntax off

XXIII. Configuration Files

/etc/vimrc

/etc/virc

~/.vimrc

vim:

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