Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Groupadd oinstall

Groupadd dba

Groupadd oper

Groupadd asmadmin

Groupadd asmdba

Groupadd asmoper

Useradd-g oinstall-G dba,asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper grid

Useradd-g oinstall-G dba,oper,asmdba oracle

Passwd grid

Passwd oracle

Mkdir-p / u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Mkdir-p / u01/app/grid

Mkdir-p / u01/app/oracle

Chown grid:oinstall / u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Chown grid:oinstall / u01/app/grid

Chown-R oracle:oinstall / u01/app/oracle

Chmod-R 775 / u01 /

Chown-R grid:oinstall / U01

Sed-I's max kernel.shmmax _ max _ etc/sysctl.conf

Sed-I'sUniverse kernel.shmallGrexample kernel.shmallGrexel / etc/sysctl.conf

Vi / etc/sysctl.conf

Add the following:

Fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

Fs.file-max = 6815744

Kernel.shmall = 2097152

Kernel.shmmax = 1073741824

Kernel.shmmni = 4096

Kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

Net.core.rmem_default = 262144

Net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

Net.core.wmem_default = 262144

Net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Sysctl-p

Vi / etc/security/limits.conf

Add the following:

Oracle soft nproc 2047

Oracle hard nproc 16384

Oracle soft nofile 1024

Oracle hard nofile 65536

Oracle soft stack 10240

Grid soft nproc 2047

Grid hard nproc 16384

Grid soft nofile 1024

Grid hard nofile 65536

Grid soft stack 10240

Vi / etc/profile writes the following:

If [$USER = "oracle"] | | [$USER = "grid"]; then

If [$SHELL = "/ bin/ksh"]; then

Ulimit-p 16384

Ulimit-n 65536

Else

Ulimit-u 16384-n 65536

Fi

Umask 022

Fi

Export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin

Configure Node rac1

Grid users:

Vi .bash _ profile

Export TMP=/tmp

Export TMPDIR=$TMP

Export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=

Export ORACLE_SID=

Export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

Export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Oracle users:

Vi .bash _ profile

Export TMP=/tmp

Export TMPDIR=$TMP

Export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=

Export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

Export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

Export ORACLE_UNQNAME=

Export ORACLE_SID=

Export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

Export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

Export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

Export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

1. Install the database software separately

two。 Build the main library by dbca

3. Master / standby netca

4. The main library executes:

Select * from v$option where parameter = 'Managed Standby'

Archive log list

Alter database force logging

Alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/ u01 size) size 50m

Alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/ u01 size) size 50m

Alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/ u01 size) size 50m

Alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/ u01 size) size 50m

Create pfile from spfile

Show parameter name

Alter system set db_unique_name='ora11g_primary' scope=spfile

Alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config= (ora11g_primary,ora11g_standby)'

Create pfile from spfile

Shutdown immediate

Cd / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs

Check to see if initora11g.org db_unique_name='ora11g_primary' has

Startup

Alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog valid_for= (ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=ora11g_primary'

Alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=ora11g_standby LGWR SYNC valid_for= (ONLINE_LOGFILES,primary_role) db_unique_name=ora11g_standby'

Alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1='enable'

Alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'

Alter system set REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE='EXCLUSIVE' scope=spfile

Alter system set FAL_SERVER='ora11g_standby' scope=spfile

Alter system set FAL_client='ora11g_primary' scope=spfile

Alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO' scope=spfile

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/archivelog

Create pfile from spfile

Shutdown immediate

Verify that the parameters are all in

Startup mount

Alter database create standby controlfile as'/ u01bind standbyrabbit ctl02.ctl'

Cd / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin

Vim listener.ora

Add

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = ora11g)

(ORACLE_HOME = / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = cbfdb1) (PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = / u01/app/oracle

Vim tnsnames.ora

ORA11G_PRIMARY =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.0.1) (PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)

)

)

ORA11G_STANDBY =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.0.2) (PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)

)

)

Shut down the primary database

SQL > shutdown immediate

Generate spfile

SQL > create spfile from pfile

5. Execute in the standby section:

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/ora11g

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g/adump

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g/bdump

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g/cdump

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g/dpdump

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g/pfile

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ora11g/udump

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/diag/tnslsnr

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G

Mkdir-p $ORACLE_BASE/archivelog

The following scp is executed in the main library

Scp-r $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/ora11g/*.dbf 192.168.0.2:/$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/ora11g

Scp-r $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/*.log 192.168.0.2:/$ORACLE_BASE/oradata

Scp-r / u01/standby_ctl01.ctl 192.168.0.2:/$ORACLE_BASE/oradata

Scp-r $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora11g.ora 192.168.0.2: $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/

Scp-r / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwora11g 192.168.0.2:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/

$cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/ora11g

$mv standby_ctl01.ctl control01.ctl

$cp control01.ctl control02.ctl

Cd / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs

Modify initora11g.ora

DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ora11g_standby

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog VALID_FOR= (ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ora11g_standby'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=ora11g_primary LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR= (ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ora11g_primary'

FAL_SERVER=ora11g_primary

FAL_CLIENT=ora11g_standby

Cd / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin

Vim listener.ora

Add

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = ora11g)

(ORACLE_HOME = / u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = cbfdb2) (PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = / u01/app/oracle

Vim tnsnames.ora

ORA11G_PRIMARY =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.0.1) (PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)

)

)

ORA11G_STANDBY =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 192.168.0.2) (PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = ora11g)

)

)

Startup nomount

Alter database mount standby database

The main library executes:

Startup mount

Alter database set standby database to maximize availability; (set to highest availability mode)

Alter database open

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session

# after executing this command, the slave database will switch to automatic recovery mode

I. function switching

Switchover status switching

First, operate on primary:

(1)。 Verify whether the primary database can perform the role transition to the standby database (the original primary database executes)

SQL > SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE

SWITCHOVER_STATUS

-

TO STANDBY

1 row selected

(2) start to change the physical master database into a physical backup database (the original primary database is executed)

SQL > ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY

Or

SQL > ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY with session shutdown

Note: if there is an active session, you can use this option, otherwise the conversion will encounter ORA-01093 errors, or you can kill the active session or wait for the active session to switch.

(3)。 Shut down and restart the main library (the original primary library executes)

SQL > shutdown immediate

SQL > startup nomount

SQL > alter database mount standby database; # keep the slave library in standby

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; # start real-time synchronization

Then operate on standby:

(1)。 Verify whether the standby library can perform the role transition to the primary library (the original library executes)

SQL > SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE

SWITCHOVER_STATUS

-

TO_PRIMARY

1 row selected

(2)。 Start to convert the physical backup library to the physical master library (execution of the original library)

SQL > ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY

-- if ORA-16139: media recovery required is reported, it may be caused by not applying the log. You can execute it first.

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION

(3) Open the standby library, then close and restart it. (execution of the original library)

SQL > SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE

SQL > STARTUP

(4) verify whether the conversion is successful (execution of the original library)

SQL > ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE

Start the log application

(5) Application Archive Log (executed on the original master database)

SQL > ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION

Tip: to successfully implement switchover, it's best to set some initialization parameters for both primary and standby on each server, although some of these parameters only work on one of primary or standby.

4. Startup and shutdown sequence

Startup sequence

(1)。 Snooping Listener of Kai Slave and Master Library

From the library DG-Standby:

$lsnrctl start

Main library DG-Primary:

$lsnrctl start

(2)。 Start the standby database and execute as follows:

$sqlplus / nolog

SQL > conn / as sysdba

SQL > startup nomount

SQL > alter database mount standby database; # keep the slave library in standby

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; # start real-time synchronization

(3)。 Start the main library

$sqlplus / nolog

SQL > conn / as sysdba

SQL > startup

Switch from standby database to read only mode

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database cancel; # first cancel the automatic recovery mode of database preparation

SQL > alter database open read only

If you want to switch back to recover manage mode (start the log application or start the log real-time application)

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; starts log application

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; starts real-time log application

(3)。 Start the main database (after the second step above is complete, you can execute the following command):

SQL > startup

Closing order

On the contrary, close the master library first, and then close the slave library.

(1)。 Close the main library

$su-oracle

SQL > sqlplus / nolog

SQL > conn / as sysdba

SQL > shutdown immediate

(2)。 Close the slave library

Su-oracle

SQL > sqlplus / nolog

SQL > conn / as sysdba

SQL > alter database recover managed standby database cancel; # stop synchronization

SQL > shutdown immediate

Emergency handover

(note: the simulation main database cannot switchover properly due to failure, so you need to execute failover, force the backup library-> pridb and take over the business)

(1)。 Prepare the library:

Since it is failover, it is understood that the main library can no longer be used properly at this time. Just switch to pridb for the backup library.

Stop applying the recovery model

Alter database recover managed standby database finish

Convert standbydb to primary db

Alter database commit to switchover to primary

Restart the database and resume normal business

SQL > shutdown immediate

SQL > startup

Select open_mode,database_role from v$database

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

--

OPEN PRIMARY

Note: failover will break the dataguard mode and need to reconfigure dataguard. It is also said on the Internet that it does not need to be configured, but the test has not been successful.

Select dbid,name,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database

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