Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Install oracle 11g silently on Centos7.0 without desktop environment

1 configure the basic environment 1.1 create users and groups

Groupadd oinstall # create oinstall

Groupadd dba # create a dba group

Useradd-g oinstall-G dba oracle # create oracle user

Passwd oracle # modify the login password of an oracle user

[root@test-1 oracle] # id oracle # View oracle user information

Uid=1000 (oracle) gid=1000 (oinstall) groups=1000 (oinstall), 1001 (dba)

1.2 create a directory

Mkdir-p / mnt/app/oracle

Chown-R oracle:oinstall / mnt/app/oracle

Chmod-R 775 / mnt/app/oracle

1.3 install dependency packages

Dependency packages are necessary to install oracle, and if some required dependency packages are not installed, a variety of errors will occur during installation. Therefore, the installation of the dependency package is complete and the installation process is generally smooth.

Execute the following command directly to install the dependency package.

Yum-y install binutils compat-libcap1compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.develcompat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devellibaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686

Refer to the official: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCCADGD

The following or later version of packagesfor Oracle Linux 7, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 must be installed:

Binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64

Compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64

Compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686

Compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64

Gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64

Gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64

Glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686

Glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64

Glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686

Glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64

Ksh

Libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686

Libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64

Libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686

Libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64

Libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686

Libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64

Libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686

Libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64

Libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686

Libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64

LibXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686

LibXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64

LibXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686

LibXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64

Make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64

Sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64

UnixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later

UnixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

UnixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later

UnixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later

1.4 change the hosts file

In the hosts file, add the hostname to the configuration file and add it to 127.0.0.1. If it is not added, there will be errors during installation.

Check the hostname first: use the hostname command

[root@test-1 oracle] # hostname

Test-1

If the hostname is test-1, add test-1 to the / etc/hosts file:

[root@test-1 oracle] # vi / etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4test-1

:: 1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

Add your hostname to the file and save exit.

1.5 configure kernel parameters / etc/sysctl.conf

Edit the sysctl.conf file

`[ root@test-1 oracle] # vi / etc/sysctl.conf

Add the following configuration

Fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

Fs.file-max = 6815744

Kernel.shmall = 2097152

Kernel.shmmax = 536870912

Kernel.shmmni = 4096

Kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

Net.core.rmem_default = 262144

Net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

Net.core.wmem_default = 262144

Net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

Vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 1001 # this is the same as in dba in id oracle

To make the kernel parameters take effect, execute: / sbin/sysctl-p

1.6 modify user restrictions

Vi / etc/security/limits.conf

# add at the end

Oracle soft nproc 2047

Oracle hard nproc 16384

Oracle soft nofile 1024

Oracle hard nofile 65536

Oracle soft stack 10240

Save exit.

1.7 modify / etc/pam.d/login

Vi / etc/pam.d/login

Open and edit this file and add the following configuration at the end:

Session required / lib64/security/pam_limits.so

Session required pam_limits.so

Note: here, to use lib64, if you use lib, you may not be able to log in to the system. Lib is used in the case of 32-bit. If it is a 64-bit system, lib64 should be used.

Save exit.

1.8 modify the system configuration file / etc/profile

Vi / etc/profile

Add the following configuration:

If [[$USER = "oracle"]]; then

If [[$SHELL = "/ bin/ksh"]; then

Ulimit-p16384

Ulimit-n65536

Else

Ulimit-u16384-n 65536

Fi

Fi

Pay attention to the spaces

Save exit

Make it effective source / etc/profile

1.9 modify oracle user environment variables

Vi / home/oracle/.bash_profile

Add the following configuration file:

# oracle

Export TMP=/tmp

Export TMPDIR=$TMP

Export ORACLE_BASE=/mnt/app/oracle

ExportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1

Export ORACLE_SID=orcl

Export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

Export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

Export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

ExportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

Save exit.

Make it work: source / home/oracle/.bash_profile

2 start installing oracle2.1, upload and decompress oracle installation files

Use sftp to upload the installation file to the server.

Extract the folder

[root@test-1 oracle] # unziplinuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip

[root@test-1 oracle] # unziplinuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

After pressurization, get a folder of database and move it to the / mnt/app/oracle directory

Mv database / mnt/app/oracle

Authorize files

Chown-R oracle:oinstall/mnt/app/oracle/database

2.2 Editing and installing the database response file db_install.rsp

The final installation is mainly related to the configuration of three response files: dbca.rsp,netca.rsp,db_install.rsp, which corresponds to creating the database, creating the monitor, and installing the database. The paths to the three files are under the database/response folder.

To prevent errors, we copy the three response files to the oracle user path, and after the error, you can delete and copy the changes.

Under the oracle user directory, create an etc folder

[oracle@test-1 /] $mkdir / home/oracle/etc

Copy response file

[oracle@test-1 /] $cp / mnt/app/oracle/database/response/*/home/oracle/etc

[oracle@test-1 /] $ls / home/oracle/etc/

Dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp

Authorization

[oracle@test-1 /] $su-root

[root@test-1 ~] # chmod 777 / home/oracle/etc/*.rsp

Edit the installation response file

[root@test-1 ~] # vi / home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

Find the following configuration and change the configuration as follows:

`oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY / / installation type

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=test-1 / / Host name (hostname query)

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall / / installation group

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/mnt/app/oracle/oraInventory//INVENTORY directory (left empty is the default)

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en / / Select language

ORACLE_HOME=/mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1//oracle_home

ORACLE_BASE=/mnt/app/oracle / / oracle_base

Oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE / / oracle version

Oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false / / Custom installation, No, use default components

Oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba / / dba user group

Oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba / / oper user group

Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE// database type

Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl//globalDBName

Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl//SID

Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALLroomAdmings 123 database users / set all database users to use the same password

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false// (false written manually)

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true / / set security update (there seems to be bug, this must be selected true, otherwise it will infinitely remind you that there is a problem with the email address and terminate the installation. PS: no matter whether the address is correct or not) `

After the configuration. Save exit.

2.3 start installing the database. Switch to oracle user

[root@test-1 ~] # su-oracle

[oracle@test-1 database] $/ mnt/app/oracle/database/runInstaller-silent-responseFile / home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

The installation process is as follows, and the following results show that the installation is successful

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than500 MB. Actual 17997 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than150 MB. Actual 2999 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle UniversalInstaller from / tmp/OraInstall2017-06-04. 07-51-31PM. Please wait. [Oracle @ test-1 database] $[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is locatedin the Oracle base.

ACTION: Oracle recommends placing thisCentral Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.

[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environmentdoes not meet some optional requirements.

CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisitesare not met. See logs for details./tmp/OraInstall2017-06-04-07-51-31PM/installActions2017-06-04-07-51-31PM.log

ACTION: Identify the list of failedprerequisite checks from the log:/tmp/OraInstall2017-06-04-07-51-31PM/installActions2017-06-04-07-51-31PM.log.Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriateconfiguration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.

You can find the log of this installsession at:

/ mnt/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-06-04 / 07-51-31PM.log

The installation of Oracle Database 12c wassuccessful.

Please check'/mnt/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-06-04. 07-51-31 PM. Log 'formore details.

As a root user, execute the followingscript (s):

1. / mnt/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

2. / mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software

2.4 Log in using the root user and execute the

/ mnt/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/ mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh

At this point, the database has been successfully installed.

2.5 configure, start snooping

The listener configuration response file is: / home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp, which can be used by default.

Perform configuration snooping

[oracle@test-1 database] $netca / silent/responsefile / home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

The following message appears, indicating that the monitoring configuration was successful.

[oracle@test-1 oracle] $netca / silent/responsefile / home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:

Parameter "silent" = true

Parameter "responsefile" = / home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

Complete the syntax analysis of the command line parameters.

Oracle Net Services configuration:

Complete the profile configuration.

The Oracle Net listener starts:

Running listener controls:

/ mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

Listener control complete.

The listener started successfully.

The listener configuration is complete.

Oracle Net Services configuration completed successfully. The exit code is 0

After running successfully, generate listener.ora and sqlnet.ora in / mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/

You can see that port 1521 is listening through the netstat command.

Yum installs netstat software, and the package is in net-tools

[root@test-1 ~] # yum install net-tools

[root@test-1 ~] # netstat-lntup | grep 1521

Tcp6 0 0: 1521: * LISTEN 14496/tnslsnr

2.5.1 initiate monitoring

[oracle@test-1 database] $lsnrctl start

View monitoring status

[oracle@test-1 database] $lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0-Production on 04-JUN-2017 20:15:07

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. Allrights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=TCP) (HOST=localhost) (PORT=1521)

STATUS of the LISTENER

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version12.1.0.2.0-Production

Start Date 04-JUN-2017 20:08:08

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 7 min. 0 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File/mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File/mnt/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/test-1/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=tcp) (HOST=localhost) (PORT=1521))

(DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=ipc) (KEY=EXTPROC1521)

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

2.5.2 restart snooping

[oracle@test-1 database] $lsnrctl reload

2.6 silently create a database instance 2.6.1 Edit the answer file

[oracle@test-1 /] $su-root

[root@test-1 ~] # vim/home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

Set the following parameters:

GDBNAME = "orcl"

SID = "orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"

DATAFILEDESTINATION=/mnt/app/oracle/oradata

RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/mnt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TOTALMEMORY = "1638"

Where TOTALMEMORY = "1638" is 1638MB and physical memory is 2Gbps. Perform installation of database instance

Switch to oracle user

[root@test-1 ~] # su-oracle

[oracle@test-1 ~] $dbca-silent-responseFile / home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

The log shows that the database instance has been created successfully.

2.6.2 check the instance process after the database is built:

[oracle@test-1 ~] $ps-ef | grep ora_ | grep-v grep

2.6.3 check the monitoring status:

[oracle@test-1~] $lsnrctl status

2.6.4 Log in to view instance status:

[oracle@test-1 ~] $sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL > select status from v$instance

2.7 start and stop of the database

Go to the bin directory of the oracle installation directory and execute dbstop to stop the database.

2.8Open port (using root users)

As the database installation generally requires external network access, it is necessary to open the database connection port.

[root@test-1 /] # firewall-cmd-zone=public--add-port=1521/tcp-permanent

Success

[root@test-1 /] # firewall-cmd-zone=public--add-port=5500/tcp-permanent

Success

[root@test-1 /] # firewall-cmd-- reload

Success

Meaning of the command:

-- zone # scope

-- add-port=80/tcp # add port in the format: Port / communication protocol

-- permanent # is in effect forever. Without this parameter, it will expire after restart.

Restart the firewall

Firewall-cmd-reload

2.9. set the oracle database to start automatically with the system boot.

1. Modify / mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/dbstart

[oracle@test-1 ~] $vim/mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/dbstart

Change ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 to ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

2. Modify / mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/dbshut

[oracle@test-1 ~] $vim / mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/dbshut

Change ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 to ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

3. Modify / etc/oratab file

[oracle@test-1~] $vim / etc/oratab

Change the last N in orcl:/mnt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:N to Y to become orcl:/mnt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y

2.9.1 enter commands dbshut and dbstart test

[oracle@test-1~] $dbshut

Oracle snooping stops and the process disappears.

Oracle snooping starts and the process starts.

2.9.2. Edit / etc/rc.d/rc.local2.9.2.1 scheme 1: self-start

Vi / etc/rc.d/rc.local

Add the following configuration:

Su oracle-lc "/ mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctlstart"

Su oracle-lc / mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/bin/dbstart

Save exit

Restart the system, connect to the database again, and connect normally.

2.9.2.2 option 2: switch to the root account to establish a self-startup script

[oracle@test-1~] $su-

[root@test-1~] # vim / etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

Add the following (some values such as ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_USER can be modified according to the actual situation):

[root@test-1 ~] # cat/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

#! / bin/bash

# oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 11g R2

# chkconfig: 345 90 10

# description: The Oracle Database is anObject-Relational Database Management System.

#

. / etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

LOCKFILE=/mnt/app/oracle/var/lock/subsys/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/mnt/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/

ORACLE_USER=oracle

Case "$1" in

'start')

If [!-f $LOCKFILE]

Then

Touch "$LOCKFILE"

Else

Exit 1

Fi

Su- $ORACLE_USER-c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

Su- $ORACLE_USER-c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart"

Su- $ORACLE_USER-c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

Echo-n $"Starting Oracle Database:"

'stop')

If [!-f $LOCKFILE]; then

Echo $0 already stopping.

Exit 1

Fi

Echo-n $"Stopping Oracle Database:"

Su- $ORACLE_USER-c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

Su- $ORACLE_USER-c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"

Su- $ORACLE_USER-c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

Rm-f "$LOCKFILE"

'restart')

$0stop

$0start

'status')

If [- e $LOCKFILE]

Then

Echo $0 started.

Else

Echo $0 stopped.

Fi

*)

Echo "Usage: $0 [start | stop | status]"

Exit 1

Esac

Exit 0

2.9.2.3 modify / etc/init.d/oracle service file permissions

[root@test-1 ~] # chmod 755 / etc/init.d/oracle

[root@test-1 ~] # ll / etc/init.d/oracle

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1203 June 29 10:59 / etc/init.d/oracle

2.9.2.4 set boot up

[root@test-1 ~] # chkconfig oracle on

2.9.2.5 for serviceoracle start/stop/restart testing

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