Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Oracle introduction

Oracle Database, also known as Oracle RDBMS, or Oracle for short, is a relational database management system of Oracle. It is a leading product in the field of database. It can be said that Oracle database system is a popular relational database management system in the world at present. The system has good portability, easy to use and strong function, and is suitable for all kinds of large, medium, small and microcomputer environments. It is a database solution with high efficiency and good reliability, which adapts to high throughput.

Oracle official website: https://www.oracle.com/index.html

1. Complete data management functions:

1) the large amount of data

2) persistence of data preservation

3) data sharing

4) Reliability of data

2. Products with complete relationships:

1) Information criteria-all information in a relational DBMS should be logically expressed in a way that the values in the table are explicitly represented

2) guidelines for guaranteed access

3) View update criteria-as long as the data in the table that forms the view changes, the data in the corresponding view changes at the same time

4) the independent criterion of data physics and logic.

Advantages: ■ availability, strong ■ scalability, strong ■ data security

■ has strong stability.

Logical structure

It consists of at least one tablespace and database schema object. Here, a schema is a collection of objects, and a schema object is a logical structure that directly references database data. Schema objects include such structures as tables, views, sequences, stored procedures, synonyms, indexes, clusters, and database chains. The logical storage structure includes tablespaces, segments, and ranges that describe how to use the physical space of the database.

In a word, logical structure consists of logical storage structure (table space, segment, range, block) and logical data structure (table, view, sequence, stored procedure, synonym, index, cluster, database chain, etc.). The schema objects (logical data structures) and relationships form the relational design of the database.

Oracle version

Since its release, Oracle database has also experienced a process from unstable to stable, from simple to powerful. Since the second edition, every version change of Oracle has been a milestone.

In the summer of 1979, RSI (the predecessor of Oracle, Relational Software,Inc) released the second edition of Oracle. In March 1983, RSI released the third edition of Oracle. From now on, Oracle products have a key feature-portability. In October 1984, Oracle (RSI changed its name to Oracle) released the fourth edition of the product. This version adds an important feature of read consistency. In 1985, Oracle released version 5.0. This version is a relatively stable version of the Oracle database. And realize the work of Cramp S mode. In 1986, Oracle released version 5.1. This version begins to support distributed queries. In 1988, Oracle released version 6. The row-level lock feature is introduced in this version, as well as the online hot backup feature. In June 1992, Oracle released version 7. This version adds features such as distributed transaction processing capabilities, new tools for application development, and security methods. The 8th edition of Oracle was released in June 1997. Oracle8 supports object-oriented development and new multimedia applications. In September 1998, Oracle officially released Oracle 8i. It is precisely because of this version's support for Internet that the identity I is added after the version number. In June 2001, Oracle released Oracle 9i. In September 2003, Oracle released Oracle 10g. The biggest feature of this version is the addition of grid computing, so the logo after the version number uses the letter g, which stands for Grid-- grid. Oracle released Oracle 11g on July 11, 2007. Oracle 11g has realized many innovations such as Information Lifecycle Management (Information Lifecycle Management). In June 2013, a new generation of database, Oracle Database 12c, is now available for use on a variety of platforms. Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition contains more than 500 new features, including a new architecture that simplifies database consolidation into the cloud, allowing customers to manage multiple databases as one without changing their applications. The latest version of Oracle is Oracle 12c, but the most widely used versions are Oracle 11g and Oracle 10g. The version selected in this paper is Oracle 11g.

Oracle has powerful functions, so it has high requirements for hardware. The hardware requirements for Oracle 10g installation are as follows:

Physical memory above 1024MB. 1.5 to 3.5 GB disk space, depending on the installation type.

Oracle Database 11g is available in several versions:

Standard Edition 1, Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition. All of these versions are built using the same common code base, which means that enterprise database management software can easily scale from smaller single-processor servers to multiprocessor server clusters without changing a single line of code. Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition has many other feature options that enhance performance, scalability, availability, security, and manageability.

Oracle installation

Please download the package first:

P10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

We have uploaded it to Baidu Cloud disk here.

Link: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pKR82c7 password: sa9t

Environmental preparation

Hard disk needs more than 8G [root@oracle ~] # df-hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/vg_abcdocker-lv_root 18G 3.9g 13g 24% / tmpfs 931m 0931m 0% / dev/shm/dev/sda1 477M 33m 419m 8% / boot memory needs more than 1.5g [root@oracle ~] # Free-m total used free shared buffers cachedMem: 1861 229 1632 084 57 + buffers/cache: 88 1773Swap: 1983 0 1983 system CentOS-6.6 [root@oracle ~] # cat / etc/redhat-releaseCentOS release 6.6 (Final) hostname Oracle [ Root@oracle ~] # hostnameoracle [root@oracle ~] # / etc/init.d/iptables stop # Firewall [root@oracle ~] # getenforce # selinuxDisabled [root@oracle ~] # cat / etc/sysconfig/i18n # character set please adjust to English Otherwise, later garbled LANG= "en_US.UTF-8" installs Oracle 11G

1. Create users and groups

Groupadd oinstallgroupadd dbauseradd-g oinstall-G dba oracleecho 123456 | passwd-- stdin oracle

two。 Create an Oracle directory folder

Mkdir-p / u01/appchown-R oracle:oinstall / u01chmod-R 755 / U01

3. Modify the configuration file

Vi / etc/hostsip hostname# our IP is 192.168.56.11, so we need to fill in 192.168.56.11 on ip

4. Other parameter settings

Setup / etc/profile

Cat > > / etc/profile > / home/oracle/.bash_profile / etc/sysctl.conf / etc/security/limits.conf / etc/pam.d/login

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.