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This article introduces the relevant knowledge of "how to add users in bulk in the Linux system". In the operation of actual cases, many people will encounter such a dilemma, so let the editor lead you to learn how to deal with these situations. I hope you can read it carefully and be able to achieve something!

When do we need to add users in large quantities? Sometimes we need dozens or more users to perform the same or similar tasks on the host. For example, we want to add a bunch of ftp users at the same time. These ftp users belong to the same group, but they are not allowed to log in to the server through terminals or remotely. Sometimes we may be in order to teach, for example, we have 50 students, and each student has a unique user name on the server, can log in to the system, and can manage their own accounts or complete some homework under their own authority.

Batch user add process:

The process of adding users in batches is to add users by importing a file that strictly follows the writing format of / etc/passwd through newusers, and then to update users' passwords in batches by importing user password files through chpasswd.

1. Newusers tools for adding users in batches

Its use is very simple, newusers is followed directly by a file; the file format is the same as / etc/passwd format

User name 1:x:UID:GID: user description: user's home directory: SHELL used

For example:

The code is as follows:

Win00:x:520:520::/home/win00:/sbin/nologin

Win01:x:521:521::/home/win01:/sbin/nologin

.

What is worth mentioning is about the SHELL type. Check all the SHELL on the host, which can be viewed through chsh.

The code is as follows:

[root@localhost beinan] # chsh-- list

/ bin/sh

/ bin/bash

/ sbin/nologin

/ bin/ksh

/ bin/tcsh

/ bin/csh

/ bin/zsh

Except / sbin/nologin, all other types of SHELL can log in to the system; nologin is mostly a SHELL used by a virtual user, that is, although he is a system user, he does not have permission to log in to the system; if you want to add such a user, set his SHELL to / sbin/nologin, such as the example above; you can read the reference documentation for user name, UID, GID and the user's home directory

2. Chpasswd batch Update user password tool

The chpasswd tool is a tool that updates user passwords in batches and redirects the contents of a file to / etc/shadow

Chpasswd < file

However, the content of the document is not unagreed, it must be written in the following format, and there can be no blank lines.

User name: password

Username 1: password 1

Username 2: password 2

For example:

The code is as follows:

Win00:123456

Win01:654321

......

Add user instances in batch:

1. First, we create a user file and a password file

We want to create a file userfile.txt that contains the new user; another is the userpwdfile.txt that sets the password for the newly added user

The code is as follows:

[root@localhost ~] # touch userfile.txt

[root@localhost ~] # touch userpwdfile.txt

Then open the file userfile.txt with a text editor and add the following

The code is as follows:

Win00:x:520:520::/home/win00:/sbin/nologin

Win01:x:521:521::/home/win01:/sbin/nologin

Win02:x:522:522::/home/win02:/sbin/nologin

Win03:x:523:523::/home/win03:/sbin/nologin

Win04:x:524:524::/home/win04:/sbin/nologin

Win05:x:525:525::/home/win05:/sbin/nologin

Win06:x:526:526::/home/win06:/sbin/nologin

Win07:x:527:527::/home/win07:/sbin/nologin

Win08:x:528:528::/home/win08:/sbin/nologin

Win09:x:529:529::/home/win09:/sbin/nologin

The content format of userfile.txt file is the same as that of / etc/passwd, and it must be written strictly according to the format of / etc/passwd. None of the users added above can log in to the system, but they can be used for ftp login, but you have to open them in the configuration file of the corresponding ftp server so that local users have read and write access. If you want some of the users above to log in to the system, you can change the SHELL to / bin/bash; then we will write the password file userpwdfile.txt for the new users; the user name in this file should be the same as the userfile.txt user name; that is to say, we need to update the password for the users who first added win00 to win09, such as the following

The code is as follows:

Win00:123456

Win01:654321

Win02:123321

Win03:qweewq

Win04:google

Win05:adadwc

Win06:wsscee

Win07:xxec32

Win08:543wew

Win09:3ce3wf

2. Add users in batches through newusers and chpasswd

The code is as follows:

[root@localhost ~] # newusers userfile.txt

[root@localhost ~] # chpasswd < userpwdfile.txt

This way, if you find that the clear password of the user can be found in / etc/passwd, you can map to the / etc/shadow filename with the following command

The code is as follows:

[root@localhost ~] # pwconv

This is the end of the content of "how to add users in bulk in the Linux system". Thank you for reading. If you want to know more about the industry, you can follow the website, the editor will output more high-quality practical articles for you!

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