Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

This article is reproduced from the official account "net excellent mercenary" (ID: hr_opt) on Wechat. Author: Zhuang Jiasheng.

Like a child born, 5G has been born, and then you have to consider how it will thrive. Since 5G will be commercially available in 2020, we must consider its continuous life cycle, a life cycle beyond 5G.

What will the Internet look like after 2030?

A few days ago, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) officially established the Network 2030 focus Group (ITU-T FG on Network 2030), which aims to explore the development of network technology for 2030 and beyond, including new network concepts, new architectures, new protocols, new solutions, and support for existing and new applications.

Richard Li, chairman of the Network 2030 focus group and chief scientist of Huawei 2012 Network Technology Lab, recently introduced the vision of Network 2030, describing an era of "towards a new Internet in 2030 and beyond".

The following editor will use my broken English to give you a general translation introduction. If there is anything wrong, please point out, criticize and correct.

Towards the New Internet in 2030 and beyond

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Mobile network ≈ 3GPP architecture + IP protocol, however, facing the future demand, the current mobile network has the following problems:

1) at the application layer, the current TCP / IP cannot guarantee throughput and latency

2) there is a delay difference in the PDCP layer, because the wireless retransmission is out of sync with TCP flow control (flow control), which leads to the wasteful retransmission of data packets by TCP.

3) GTP complexity: including tunnel establishment / demolition processing, tunnel header overhead, additional Cmurp signaling

4) inefficient use of the protocol:

"Tunnel" plus "tunnel"

Some header fields repeat each other

Head expenses are high, sometimes as high as 90%

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Due to delay and speed constraints, the current network can not guarantee the delivery of new applications in the future, such as VR, holography, industrial Internet, tactile Internet, car networking and so on.

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The head overhead of the transmission network is usually as high as 90%. The MPLSFSR and SRv6 overhead increases with the increase in the number of hops. However, the Internet of things is transmitted in small packets, which results in very low protocol efficiency when transmitting small packets, which can be as low as 10%.

To this end, we design 5G network, but for the future, we should go beyond the 5G era, should consider a longer 5G life cycle, and should have a new vision.

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The period from 2000 to 2020, which is our current era, is mainly the era of mobile Internet, which is mainly based on multimedia services and APP applications.

2020-2030, the upcoming 5G era, includes three scenarios: eMBB, mMTC and uRLLC, which is the era of the Alliance of everything.

So, what about after 2030?

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The Network 2030 focus group will explore four areas: new media, new services, new architecture, and new IP.

New Media: holographic remote presentation Application

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In order to realize holographic remote presentation application, it is required that the network bandwidth will grow to terabit level.

New service: change from "best effort" to high-precision business guarantee

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After 2030, the new services provided by the network include holographic transmission (such as multi-sensor holography), high-precision services (such as telemedicine, industrial Internet), and optimal security services (such as AR/VR and self-driving).

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In order to implement these services, network delay is very important. For example, wireless AR/VR applications require that the delay does not exceed 20ms, and the delay of industrial Internet requires that it be between 20us and 10ms.

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For high precision and optimal guarantee service, packet transmission is required from "timely" to "punctual". The traditional statistical multiplexing mode of "distribution on demand" is no longer suitable, and the network needs to add functional components such as user network interface (UNI), reservation signaling, new forwarding mechanism and automatic OAM.

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In the future, the network speed is getting higher and higher, and the latency is getting lower and lower. The services provided will bring users a new experience-- completely immersing the five human senses (vision, hearing, smell, touch, taste) in the experience.

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In order to realize multi-inductive holographic communication, the network needs to carry multi-dimensional information from different senses and requires near real-time delay, so it is necessary to introduce a new IP-enabled network high-precision service.

New Architecture: a Network with the Integration of ground and Satellite Communications

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Satellite mobile communications include medium orbit (MEO) and low orbit (LEO) satellite mobile communication systems, such as Starlink of SpaceX, OneWeb also invested by son, Leo satellite system dominated by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, etc.

New IP: unlock New opportunities in the Future

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New applications and services require us to explore new technologies. The past packet switching methods have some problems, such as packet-by-packet transmission, queuing time extension, congestion and so on. In the future, the switching mode may adopt a switching mode similar to the railway track system to reduce queuing delay and ensure reliability, which requires the addition of metadata and control information after the IP header.

Finally, a picture summarizes the difference between IMT-2020 ("5G") and Network 2030.

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