Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Anyone who has studied the network knows that the network is never two-point and one-line. the so-called route tracking is to see which section of the network has gone wrong, which is of great use for troubleshooting network faults.

First of all, the tool is the ancient and famous traceroute (win is called tracert), which is easy to install and even comes with win.

Traceroute (win called tracert):

Installation:

Yum install-y traceroute

Usage:

Traceroute [parameters] hostname (ip)

Tracert [parameters] hostname (ip)

Interface description:

Each hop number has an IP and three time values. IP represents the route IP of the current hop, and the three time values represent the delay of ping three times.

When * occurs, it means that the connection has timed out or the route is not available (it may also be caused by banning ping)

However, it is normal to continue with the next hop, except that there is packet loss in the network to this routed address (in the case of non-prohibited ping).

Parameter description

Traceroute [- dFlnrvx] [- f] [- g...] [- I] [- m] [- p] [- s] [- t] [- w] [host name or IP address] [packet size]

-d uses Socket-level troubleshooting capabilities.

-f sets the size of the survival value TTL of the first detection packet.

-F setting do not leave the break bit.

-g set source routing gateways. A maximum of 8 can be set.

-I send out packets using the specified network interface.

-I use ICMP responses instead of UDP data information.

-m sets the size of the maximum survival value TTL of the detection packet.

-n directly use the IP address instead of the host name.

-p sets the communication port of the UDP transport protocol.

-r ignores the normal Routing Table and sends the packet directly to the remote host.

-s sets the IP address of the packet sent by the local host.

-t sets the TOS value of the detection packet.

-v shows the execution of the instruction in detail.

-w sets the time to wait for a return from the remote host.

-x turns on or off the correctness check of the packet.

-

Tracert [- d] [- h maximum_hops] [- j computer-list] [- w timeout] target_name

-d specifies that the address is not resolved to the computer name.

The-h maximum_hops specifies the maximum number of jumps for the lookup target.

-jcomputer-list specifies that the source route is loose in the computer-list.

-w timeout waits for the number of milliseconds specified by timeout for each reply.

The name of the target_name target computer.

Then we will talk about the relatively new tool mtr, which not only can do route tracking like traceroute, but also can be combined with ping command. There are also corresponding exe files under win, which you can download by yourself:

Mtr (Real-time Route tracking + ping combined tool)

Installation:

Yum install-y mtr

Usage:

Mtr [parameters] hostname (ip)

Interface description:

The first column (Host): node IP address and domain name. As shown earlier, press the n key to toggle the display.

The second column (Loss%): node packet loss rate.

Third column (Snt): the number of packets sent per second. The default value is 10, which can be specified by the parameter-c.

The fourth column (Last): the last probe delay value.

The fifth, sixth and seventh columns (Avg, Best, Wrst) are the average, minimum and maximum values of the detection delay, respectively.

Column 8 (StDev): standard deviation. The larger the node is, the more unstable the node is.

Parameter description:

-r or-- report: displays the output in report mode.

-p or-- split: list the results of each track separately, instead of counting the whole result as-- report.

-s or-- psize: specifies the size of the ping packet.

-n or-- no-dns: do not reverse domain name resolution for IP addresses.

-an or-- address: sets the IP address at which the packet is sent. Used when the host has more than one IP.

-4: only IPv4 protocol is used.

-6: only IPv6 protocol is used.

You can quickly switch modes by typing the appropriate letters while mtr is running, such as:

? Or h: displays the help menu.

D: toggle display mode.

N: toggle enables or disables DNS domain name resolution.

U: switch to probe using ICMP or UDP packets.

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