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Linux/Centos7 installation and management program Linux application basic query RPM package information installation, upgrade, uninstall, RPM package/yum repository source code compilation I, application and system command relationship file location

System commands: generally in/bin and/sbin directories, or shell internal instructions

Applications: Usually in the/usr/bin and/usr/sbin directories

main use

System Command: Complete basic management operations for the system

Applications: Complete other ancillary tasks that are relatively independent

applicable environmental

System commands: generally run only in character operation interface

Applications: Depending on your needs, some programs can be run in a graphical user interface

run format

System commands: generally include command words, command options and command parameters

Applications: Usually there is no fixed execution format. Second, the directory structure of a typical application/usr/bin The general executive file/usr/sbin Server executive file and management file/etc Application configuration file (--prefix ='specified path')/var/log log file/usr/share/doc application documentation file/usr/share/man application handpage file III. Common package types rpm package.rpmdeb package.deb source code package is generally.tar.gz or tar.bz2 green installation-free package RPM package management tool to establish a unified database file detailed record of package installation, uninstall and other changes automatically analyze package dependencies

General naming format: bash-4.1.2-15.el6_4.x86_64.rpm is described in the following table:

bash Software Name 4.1.2 Version No. 15.el6_4 Number of Releases x86_64 Hardware Platform rpm Extension Query RPM Package Information

Query installed--rpm -q [suboption][software name]

-qa: View packages installed on the system-qi: View package details-ql: View all information about package installation-qf: View packages according to specified files-qc: View all configuration files for this package (conf cnf ini)-qd: View documentation for this package

query uninstalled--rpm -qp [suboption] rpm package file ( i l c d)

rpm install update and uninstall

rpm -ivh--Detailed installation process

-U update-e uninstall-i install--force enforce--nodeps resolve dependencies (may cause software problems)-h friendly display (with #read bar display)-v display details rebuild RPM database command rpm --rebuliddbrpm --initdb import verification public key (default in image file)

rpm --import

Fourth, solve the software package dependency method When installing multiple software with dependencies, the dependent software package needs to be installed first. You can specify multiple.rpm package files at the same time to install and uninstall multiple software with dependencies. The software package that depends on other programs needs to be uninstalled first. You can specify multiple software names at the same time to uninstall. Ignore dependencies

Combined with "--nodeps" option, but may cause software exception!!!

V. Overview of source code compilation Advantages of installing software using source code Get the latest software version and fix bugs in time Flexible customization of software functions according to user needs

Source code compilation process (manual compilation installation)-first install compilers (gcc and gcc-c++)

Download the source code installation package file tar extract./ configure configure make compile make install install test and application, maintenance

compiler installation operation

[root@lokott ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel -y....// Intermediate process omitted, where yum command is introduced later Installed: gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7 zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7 installed as dependency: cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1062.4.1.el7 libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 upgraded as dependency: glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 libgcc.x86_64 0: 4.8.5-39.el7 libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 libstdc++.x86_64 0: 4.8.5 - 39.el7 zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7 Done!

You can use./ configure --help View Help

Typical configuration options: --prefix= software installation directory Example:

[root@lokott ~]#cd /usr/src/httd-2.2.15/[root@lokott httpd-2.2.15]#./ configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache VI, yum

Yum (Yellow dog Updater, Modified) is a shell front-end package manager for Fedora, RedHat, and CentOS. Based on rpm package management, RPM packages can be automatically downloaded and installed from specified servers, dependencies can be automatically handled, and all dependent software packages can be installed at one time without cumbersome downloading and installation.

Purpose-To resolve dependencies while using the latest version

Yum Warehouse

(1) Private network warehouse

(2) Public network warehouse

Self-built warehouse Official warehouse VII. Summary

This paper mainly introduces the Linux installation and management program, briefly describes the Linux application program foundation, query RPM package information and installation, upgrade, uninstall, RPM package/yum repository and source code compilation (manual compilation and installation) related points, in which the source code installation configuration file and make install program error probability is relatively high, so solve this kind of problem researchers have certain strength!!! So we need to always learn from good people!

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