Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

The following brings you a detailed explanation of the NAT mode of LVS load balancing cluster, hoping to give you some help in practical application. There are many things involved in load balancing, not many theories, and there are many books on the Internet. Today, we will use the accumulated experience in the industry to do an answer.

Experimental schematic diagram

Experimental environment LVS scheduler as gateway of web CVM pool LVS server configuration two network cards are respectively connected to the internal and external network using polling (rr) scheduling algorithm LVS load scheduler network segment planning internal network 33 gateway: 192.168.144.1 external network 36:12.0.0.1web1 192.168.144.151web2 192.168.144.170nfs server 192.168.144.145client tester 12.0.0.12 practical operation Add two hard drives to the NFS server For shared storage, format and add a hard disk to a virtual machine

[root@nfs ~] # fdisk / dev/sdb / / Partition order (enter m for help): n / / create a new partition Partition type: P primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extendedSelect (default p): P / / main partition number (1-4, default 1): / / enter default option start sector (2048-41943039) Default is 2048): / / enter default option will use the default value 2048Last sector, + sector or + size {K _ Magne M _ G} (2048-41943039, default is 41943039): / / enter default option will use default value 41943039 Partition 1 has been set to Linux type Set the size to 20 GiB command (enter m for help): W / / Save [root@nfs ~] # mkfs.xfs / dev/sdb1 / / format disk # # format / dev/sdc disk [root@nfs ~] # mkdir / opt/kgc / opt/accp / / create mount point [root@nfs ~] # vim / etc/fstab / / create Auto mount. / dev/sdb1 / opt/kgc xfs defaults 0 0 / / Edit auto mount entry / dev/sdc1 / opt/accp xfs defaults 0 0 [root@nfs ~] # mount-a / / refresh mount [root@nfs ~] # df-hT / / View disk mount status File system type capacity available available mount point / dev/sdb1 xfs 20G 33m 20g 1% / opt/kgc/dev/sdc1 xfs 20G 33m 20g 1% / opt/accp [root@nfs ~] # systemctl stop firewalld.service / / turn off the firewall [root @ nfs ~] # setenforce 0 [root@nfs ~] # rpm-Q nfs-utils / / check whether the two packages of nfs install nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.48.el7.x86_64 [root@nfs ~] # rpm-Q rpcbindrpcbind-0.2.0-42.el7.x86_64 [root@nfs ~] # vim / etc/exports / / configure shared storage configuration Set the file. / opt/kgc 192.168.144.0 Universe 24 (rw) Sync,no_root_squash) / / support reading and writing of 144network segment Synchronization, does not support downgrade processing / opt/accp 192.168.144.0 rw,sync,no_root_squash) switch the NFS server to host-only mode and start the service

[root@nfs ~] # systemctl start nfs / / enable the nfs service [root@nfs ~] # systemctl start rpcbind [root@nfs ~] # showmount-e / / View and provide shared information Export list for nfs:/opt/accp 192.168.144.0/24/opt/kgc 192.168.144.0 Export list for nfs:/opt/accp 192.168.144.0/24/opt/kgc 24 [root@nfs ~] # vim / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 / / modify the network card information Change BOOTPROTO=static / / to static IPADDR=192.168.144.145 / / add address Subnet mask, gateway NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.144.1 [root@nfs ~] # service network restart / / restart the network to install the http service on web1,web2 Switch the network card to host-only mode web1 server [root@web1 ~] # yum install httpd-y / / install the web service [root@web1 ~] # systemctl stop firewalld.service / / turn off the firewall [root@web1 ~] # setenforce 0 [root@web1 ~] # vim / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 / / modify the network card information BOOTPROTO=static / / to static. IPADDR=192.168.144.151 / / add address Subnet mask Gateway NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.144.1 [root@web1 ~] # service network restart [root@web1 ~] # showmount-e 192.168.144.145 / / View nfs shared information Export list for 192.168.144.145:/opt/accp 192.168.144.0/24/opt/kgc 192.168.144.0 Export list for 192.168.144.145:/opt/accp 192.168.144.0/24/opt/kgc 24 [root@web1 ~] # vim / etc/fstab / / set automatic mount 192.168.144.145:/opt/kgc / var/www/html nfs defaults _ netdev 0 0 / / Mount to the site Mode is nfs Default network device [root@web1 ~] # mount-a / / refresh mount [root@web1] # df-hT / / View disk mount information file system type capacity used available mount point 192.168.144.145:/opt/kgc nfs4 20G 32m 20G 1% / var/www/html [root@web1 ~] # echo "this is kgc web" > / var/www/html/index.html / / create a web page [root@web1 ~] # systemctl start httpd.service / / start the web service web2 server [root@web2 ~] # yum install httpd-y / / install the web service [root@web2] # systemctl stop firewalld.service / / off Close the firewall [root@web2 ~] # setenforce 0 [root@web2 ~] # vim / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 / / modify the network card information BOOTPROTO=static / / change it to static. IPADDR=192.168.144.170 / / add address Subnet mask Gateway NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=192.168.144.1 [root@web2 ~] # service network restart [root@web2 ~] # showmount-e 192.168.144.145 / / View nfs sharing information Export list for 192.168.144.145:/opt/accp 192.168.144.0/24/opt/kgc 192.168.144.0 Export list for 192.168.144.145:/opt/accp 192.168.144.0/24/opt/kgc 24 [root@web2 ~] # vim / etc/fstab / / set automatic hang Load 192.168.144.145:/opt/accp / var/www/html nfs defaults _ netdev 0 0 / / Mount to the site Mode is nfs Default network device [root@web2 ~] # mount-a / / refresh mount [root@web2] # df-hT / / View disk mount information file system type capacity available available mount point 192.168.144.145:/opt/accp nfs4 20G 32m 20G 1% / var/www / html [root@web2 ~] # echo "this is accp web" > / var/www/html/index.html / / create a web page [root@web2 ~] # systemctl start httpd.service / / start the web service add two network cards on the lvs load scheduler and set up route forwarding [root@lvs ~] # yum install ipvsadm-y # # install the ipvsadm scheduling management tool to add the network card of the external network And switch to host-only mode

[root@lvs ~] # cd / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts [root@lvs network-scripts] # cp-p ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-ens36 / / copy the Nic configuration file to the ens36 configuration file [root@lvs network-scripts] # vim ifcfg-ens33BOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=192.168.144.1 / / set the private gateway ipNETMASK=255.255.255.0 [root@lvs network-scripts] # vim ifcfg-ens36BOOTPROTO=static / / delete UUIDNAME=ens36 / / modify to 36DEVICE=ens36IPADDR=12.0.0.1 / / set the public network gateway NETMASK=255.255.255.0 [root@lvs network-scripts] # service network restart / / restart the network card service / / you can use ping on web to test whether it can be tested together with the gateway [root@lvs network-scripts] # vim / etc/sysctl.conf / / routing forwarding profile net.ipv4 .IP _ forward=1 / / enable route forwarding [root@lvs network-scripts] # sysctl-p / / load route translation function [root@lvs network-scripts] # iptables-F / / clear forwarding table [root@lvs network-scripts] # iptables-t nat-F / / clear nat address translation table [root@lvs network-scripts] # iptables-t nat-A POSTROUTING-o ens36-s 192.168.144.0 SNAT 24-j SNAT-- to-source 12.0.0.1 / / designated nat address translation table Specify the data outflow interface, specify the original ip address, specify the source address translation SNAT, specify the translated ip address to load the lvs kernel module Configuration management software ipvsadm [root@lvs network-scripts] # modprobe ip_vs / / load lvs kernel [root@lvs network-scripts] # cat / proc/net/ip_vs / / View ipvs information IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags- > RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn [root@lvs network-scripts] # ipvsadm-- save > / etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm / / centos7 You must first save [root@lvs network-scripts] # systemctl start ipvsadm / / start the ipvsadm service [root@lvs network-scripts] # vim / opt/nat.sh / / write an ipvsadm script #! / bin/bashipvsadm-C / / clear the ipvs cache ipvsadm-A-t 12.0.0.1 ipvsadm 80-s rr / / specify the virtual service access entry Specify polling algorithm ipvsadm-a-t 12.0.0.1 80-r 192.168.144.151lo 80-m / / specify real server Nat mode ipvsadm-a-t 12.0.0.1 mipvsadm 80-r 192.168.144.170 mipvsadm / start [root@lvs network-scripts] # chmod + x / opt/nat.sh / / give execution permission [root@lvs network-scripts] # cd / opt/ [root@lvs opt] #. / nat.sh / / startup script IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags- > RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConnTCP lvs:http rr- > 192.168.144.151:http Masq 100-> 192.168.144.170:http Masq 100 access 12.0.0.1 with client test machine (host mode only)

After reading the above detailed explanation on the NAT mode building environment and operation steps of LVS load balancer cluster, if you have anything else you need to know, you can find what you are interested in in the industry information or find our professional and technical engineer to answer it. Technical engineers have more than ten years of experience in the industry.

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.