Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

1. Case analysis 1. Case overview

The basis for ensuring normal communication between virtual machines in ESXi is network services. Usually, different physical devices are needed to connect in physical networks to form stable and efficient network services, while in virtual networks, different virtual devices are needed to provide services for them. This case mainly introduces another important member of Vmware virtualization system-network service.

2. Knowledge points before the case 1, Overview of ESXi Network 1) physical Network

A physical network is a network formed by logically connecting virtual machines running on ESXi hosts to each other in order to communicate with each other. ESXi hosts can have multiple physical network cards, and virtual machines can also create multiple virtual network cards, which can be connected to the virtual switch at the same time to realize the communication between virtual machines.

2) Virtual network

Virtual network is a network formed by logical connection between virtual machines running on ESXi hosts in order to communicate with each other. ESXi hosts can have multiple physical network cards, and virtual machines can also create multiple virtual network cards. Connecting them to the virtual switch at the same time can realize the communication between virtual machines.

2. ESXi network components 1) physical network card

The physical network card is referred to as vmnic. As shown in the following figure, the first block of the ESXi kernel is called vmnic0, the second block is called vmnic1, and so on. ESXi hosts can have multiple vmnic connections to different physical network devices, such as switches, routers, iSCSI storage, and so on.

2) Virtual network card

Virtual network card is referred to as vNIC, each virtual machine can have multiple virtual network cards, which can be used to connect the virtual switch to ensure normal communication between each other. As shown in the following figure, you can see that each virtual machine has its own virtual network card.

3) Virtual switch

The virtual switch, referred to as vSwitch, is provided by the ESXi kernel to ensure communication between the virtual machine and the management interface, and the network connection is provided by a port / port group similar to the physical switch. There are three types of virtual switches: standard switches, distributed switches and switches provided by third parties.

(1) Standard switch

A standard switch is a simple switch managed separately by each ESXi host, very similar to a physical switch, but does not have some of the advanced features that a physical switch has. The standard switch is easy to operate, but each configuration change requires repetitive operations on all ESXi hosts, increasing management costs, and the network connection status is reset when virtual machines are migrated between hosts, making monitoring and troubleshooting more difficult. Standard switches provide three types of ports / port groups. As shown below:

Virtual machine port group, which is used to connect virtual machines on the ESXi so that they can communicate with each other or connect to external networks. If you do not have access to the vmnic, you can only communicate within a single ESXi host.

VMKernel, which is used by ESXi hosts to provide the advanced functions of vSphere over network connections.

NIC Team, used to connect multiple vmnic to the same port / port group at the same time, increase throughput, and provide link redundancy in the event of failure.

(2) distributed switch

As shown in the following figure, a distributed switch is an advanced switch that can centrally manage multiple ESXi and uniformly manage multiple ESXi, including advanced functions such as management cost, traffic monitoring, flow control, private VLAN, and so on. A distributed switch provides a distributed port / port group.

A member of a distributed port group is a port of VMKernel or vNIC connected to an ESXi host and can specify a configuration for each port, but the member port itself can also change some of the configuration. Distributed port groups can also define how to connect to the network through distributed switching.

III. Case environment

4. Case study 1. The essential difference between standard virtual switch and distributed virtual switch lies in the scope of its application. Standard virtual switches can only be applied to one physical host without any flexibility, and other hosts cannot share a virtual switch. On the other hand, distributed virtual machines can be shared among hosts and can be used as virtual devices among hosts. 2. The standard virtual switch needs to be configured once in each ESXi, while the distributed virtual switch only needs to be configured once in the vCenter. 5. Start deployment

1. Enable ESXi_01:

2. Enable ESXi_02:

3. Enable the DC1 domain controller:

4. Open the SQL database:

5. Enable vCenter:

6. Open the client:

Client configure IP address

Connect to the ESXi_01 server

Add network card to Win2k3 virtual machine

Add a network card

Default next step

Add completed

Turn on the virtual machine

Open the console

Configure IP addresses to enable the virtual network to communicate with the management network

7. VClient creates a standard switch:

Start using vClient to create a standard switch

Select the virtual machine for the connection type, and click next

Select to create a standard switch, uncheck the network card, and click next.

Default next step

Creation completed

Connect the win2k3 virtual machine to the second standard switch

Add the second network card to the second standard switch

If you check again at this time, you will see that a new virtual machine win2k3 has been added to the second standard switch.

Remove the second standard switch, edit the win2k3 network card first, and transfer the second network card to the first switch

Start removing the second standard switch

8. VCenter creates a standard switch:

Using the second method, vCenter creates a standard switch on the ESXi_01 server

Select to create a standard switch and click next

Select the new standard switch and click next

No adapter is required. Default is next.

Default next step

Creation completed

Create a standard switch on the ESXi_02 server

Select to create a standard switch and click next

Select the new standard switch and click next

No adapter is required. Default is next.

Default next step

Creation completed

Shut down the win2k3 virtual machine and clone a new one.

Create the name of the cloned virtual machine, select the storage location, and click next.

Clone on ESXi_01 server

Default next step

Cloning completed

Add two virtual machine network cards to a standard switch at the same time to realize the communication between the virtual machine and the virtual machine

Edit win2k3

Edit the second network card to add the second standard switch

Edit win2k301

Edit the second network card to add the second standard switch

From this, we can see that two virtual machines have been successfully added to the second standard switch.

Turn on two virtual machines and modify the IP address

Error IP address conflict is normal

Configure the IP address, 100network segment communicates with the physical network, 200network is the communication between the virtual machine and the virtual machine

Win2k301:

Modify IP address

The Ping command tests whether communication is possible

Clone another win2k302 and clone it on the ESXi02 server

Select ESXi02 server

Default next step

Select to customize the hardware of this virtual machine

Remove Network device 2

Cloning completed

Switch to the ESXi02 server to open the win2k302 virtual machine

Configure IP addr

The Ping command tests whether you can communicate with the virtual machine.

You can see that the ping is different, so it's time to create a distributed switch.

9. Create a distributed switch using vcenter

Create a distributed switch

Create a distributed switch, edit the name, select a location, and click next

Install the maximum version by default

Default next step

Creation completed

Distributed switches add hosts

Select add Host and click next

Select which hosts to add

Select manage physical Adapter and click next

Add vmnic1 as uplink

After adding uplinks, click next

Default next step

Creation completed

Distributed switches add virtual machines

After the addition, the three virtual machines can communicate with each other.

Win2k302 adds a new network card and configures IP addresses and physical network communications for 100network segments.

Configure the IP address for the new network card

The Ping command tests whether you can communicate with the physical network

-this is the end of this article. Thank you for reading-

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.