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This article mainly explains "the concept and basic principles of cloud computing". Interested friends may wish to take a look. The method introduced in this paper is simple, fast and practical. Let's let the editor take you to learn the concept and basic principles of cloud computing.

1 the concept of cloud computing

There are many definitions of cloud computing, and it is widely accepted that cloud computing is the development of distributed processing, parallel processing and grid computing, or the commercial implementation of these computer science concepts. Cloud computing is a mode of resource delivery and use, which refers to obtaining the resources (hardware, software, platform) needed by the application through the network. Cloud computing centralizes computing from the customer terminal to the "cloud", provides applications to users through the Internet, and computing is completed by multiple computers through distributed computing and other technologies. Users only care about the function of the application, but do not care about the implementation of the application, the implementation and maintenance of the application is completed by its provider, and users choose the corresponding application according to their own needs. Cloud computing is not a tool, platform or architecture, but a way of computing.

2 the development of cloud computing at home and abroad

Although the idea of cloud computing has been conceived for a long time, it has flourished abroad (mainly in the United States) in the last decade or so. In 2003, the National Science Foundation (NSF) invested 8.3 million dollars to support the "Network Virtualization and Cloud Computing VGrADS" project put forward by seven top universities in the United States, which officially launched the research and development of cloud computing. In April 2009, Google launched the Google Application engine (Google App Engine) to run large parallel applications. Apple is another player in cloud computing, from iTunes services launched in recent years, to MobileMe services, to the acquisition of online music service Lala, to the recent plan to invest $1 billion in a new data center in North Carolina, all of which show its great determination to enter the cloud computing field.

In recent years, China has made great progress in cloud computing. Although the development of cloud computing in China is in its infancy, the major communication operators are extremely active. China Mobile launched the "Big Cloud" cloud computing basic service platform, China Telecom withdrew from the "e-cloud" cloud computing platform, and China Unicom launched the "Internet cloud" platform. Www.walekan.com/zyzs/seo/4169

3 the principle of cloud computing

The basic principle of cloud computing is that by distributing computing on a large number of distributed computers rather than local computers or remote servers, enterprise data centers will operate more like the Internet. This enables enterprises to switch resources to the applications they need and access computers and storage systems according to their needs. Cloud computing is to connect ordinary servers or personal computers to get the functions of supercomputers, also known as high-performance and high-availability computers, but at a lower cost. With the emergence of cloud computing, high-performance parallel computing is no longer the patent of scientists and professionals, ordinary users can also enjoy the convenience of high-performance parallel computing through cloud computing, so that everyone has the opportunity to use parallel machines, thus greatly improving work efficiency and the utilization of computing resources. Cloud computing model can be simply understood as providing application services through the Internet, regardless of the type of service, or the information architecture that executes the service, so that users can use it through the browser, without knowing where the server is and how it works internally.

4 the core technology of cloud computing

Cloud computing system uses many technologies, among which programming model, data management technology, data storage technology, virtualization technology and cloud computing platform management technology are the most important.

(1) programming model

MapReduce is the java, Python and C++ programming model developed by Google. It is a simplified distributed programming model and efficient task scheduling model, which is used for parallel computing of large-scale data sets (larger than 1TB). The strict programming model makes programming in cloud computing environment very simple. The idea of MapReduce mode is to decompose the problem to be executed into Map (mapping) and Reduce (simplification). First, the data is cut into irrelevant blocks by Map program, which is assigned (scheduled) to a large number of computers for processing, so as to achieve the effect of distributed operation, and then the results are collected and output by Reduce program.

(2) distributed storage technology of massive data.

Cloud computing system consists of a large number of servers and serves a large number of users at the same time, so the cloud computing system uses distributed storage to store data and redundant storage to ensure the reliability of data. The widely used data storage system in cloud computing systems is HDFS, an open source implementation of GFS developed by Google's GFS and Hadoop team.

(3) massive data management technology

Cloud computing needs to process and analyze distributed and massive data. therefore, data management technology must be able to manage a large amount of data efficiently. The data management technology in cloud computing system is mainly BT (BigTable) data management technology of Google and open source data management module HBase developed by Hadoop team.

5 Challenge and prospect of cloud computing

The development of cloud computing technology faces a series of challenges, such as: what advantages can be gained by using cloud computing to accomplish tasks; what strategies, practices or legislation can be implemented to support or limit the adoption of cloud computing? how to provide effective computing and improve the utilization of storage resources and so on. In addition, cloud computing announces the possibility of low-cost supercomputer services. Once these "clouds" are used to crack all kinds of passwords and carry out all kinds of attacks, it will bring great danger to the data security of users.

There are two development directions for cloud computing in the future: one is to build a large-scale underlying infrastructure closely integrated with applications, so that applications can be expanded to a large scale; the other is to build new cloud computing applications. The first development trend of providing richer user experience on the network can be reflected in the current research situation of cloud computing, and in the construction of cloud computing applications, many new social service networks, such as Facebook, have reflected this trend, while in the research, they begin to focus on how to integrate multiple services through the cloud computing infrastructure platform.

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