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Install oracle RAC on virtual machine

The premise of Oracle rac installation is that there must be a shared memory. Only oracle instances are installed on both computers, the database is created on shared storage, and both instances can access the database. Therefore, since there is no storage device, a virtual machine is used to virtualize several hard disks as shared storage.

The environment is as follows:

Linux operating system: Oracle Linux Server release 6.4

VMware version:Workstation 10 build-703057

Oracle version: 11G R2 oracle 64-bit 11.2.0.1.0 for linux

The installation package is as follows:

Linux: V37084-01.iso (download from oracle official website)

Oracle: linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip (downloaded from oracle's official website)

Linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip (download from oracle official website)

Oracleasmlib-2.0.12-1.el6.x86_64.rpm (downloaded from oracle's official website)

Note: ASM is used by oracle to manage disks in shared storage. Download address is provided in the following document.

Linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip (download from oracle official website)

Note: grid is an oracle clustering tool

Step planning:

1. Install Linux operating system and configure virtual machine shared disk

2. Configure system-related network and user-related information

3, configure ASM

4, install Oracle grid

5. Install Oracle database

6, create an ASM disk group

7. Create a database instance

1. Configure virtual machine and install Linux operating system

1.1 create new virtual machines: NEWSDB01 and NEWSDB02, and install the system

Download the iso of Oracle Linux Server release 6.4. create a new virtual machine and install it. Pay attention to memory allocation, each virtual machine at least 2G memory is better, assign each virtual machine 50GB hard disk capacity, configure 2 bridge network cards. (one of the network cards is used for the host to communicate with the outside world, and the other is used for the heartbeat of two hosts. There is also "bridging" is that the ip segment of the virtual machine and the computer are in the same segment, so that the computers in the entire local area network can access the virtual machine, and the virtual machine needs to be manually set up ip. )

1.2 configure Share Disks

Create a new shared hard disk and execute it when DOS changes to the VM installation directory: pay attention to the F disk. If there is no F disk, you have to change the path behind it.

Start-- run-- CMD enter DOS

Cd F:/Software/vm10/ (that is, the installation path of your vm)

Vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s 1000Mb-a lsilogic-t 2 F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ ocr.vmdk

Vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s 1000Mb-a lsilogic-t 2 F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ ocr2.vmdk

Vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s 1000Mb-a lsilogic-t 2 F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ votingdisk.vmdk

Vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s 20000Mb-a lsilogic-t 2 F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ data.vmdk

Vmware-vdiskmanager.exe-c-s 10000Mb-a lsilogic-t 2 F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ backup.vmdk

Configure the vmx virtual machine configuration file under the virtual machine newsdb01 newsdb02 directory and add the following at the end of the line:

Scsi1.present = "TRUE"

Scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

Scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

Scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

Scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

Scsi1:1.filename = "F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ ocr.vmdk"

Scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"

Scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

Scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

Scsi1:2.filename = "F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ votingdisk.vmdk"

Scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

Scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

Scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

Scsi1:3.filename = "F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ data.vmdk"

Scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

Scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

Scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

Scsi1:4.filename = "F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ backup.vmdk"

Scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"

Scsi1:5.present = "TRUE"

Scsi1:5.mode = "independent-persistent"

Scsi1:5.filename = "F:\ VMDisk\ Sharedisk\ ocr2.vmdk"

Scsi1:5.deviceType = "plainDisk"

Disk.locking = "false"

DiskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

DiskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

DiskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

DiskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

DiskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

Save exit.

Remind you to pay attention to memory, hard disk and network card configuration again.

Configure the virtual machine and install the Linux operating system.

2, configure OS

This color needs to be configured on both nodes and needs to be performed on both nodes at the same time.

2.1 turn off the firewall and selinux (this step is required considering that some situations will be encountered during later installation)

Close selinux

Setenforce 0

[root@newsdb01 ~] # vim / etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

Turn off the firewall

Service iptables stop

Chkconfig iptables off

2.2 configure the network

Host file, both nodes are configured

Vim / etc/hosts

192.168.0.5 newsdb01

192.168.0.6 newsdb02

192.168.0.7 newsdb01-vip

192.168.0.8 newsdb02-vip

10.10.10.10 newsdb01-priv

10.10.10.11 newsdb02-priv

192.168.0.100 scan-ip

Save exit.

After configuration, ping each other to see if they are connected.

2.3 stop NTP service and delete configuration

Service ntpd stop

Chkconfig ntpd off

Rm-rf / etc/ntpd.conf

Rm-rf / var/run/ntpd.pid

Configure SSH interworking

That is, two servers do not need a password for direct SSH access: for example, ssh newsdb02 connects directly to the newsdb02. Versions prior to oracle 11g R2 need to be manually configured, but not in oracle 11g R2.

Note:

Configuration steps are provided during grid installation, so there is no need for manual configuration.

When installing grid and oracle, you need to create SSH interworking. The main purpose of this step is to make the access between the two hosts do not need to enter a password, the installation of grid and oracle only need to run on one machine, because the installation program will automatically copy the data of node1 to node2.

2.4 configure Oracle software installation users, groups, environment variables, installation directories

# Group

Groupadd-g 1300 dba

Groupadd-g 1301 oper

Groupadd-g 1000 oinstall

Groupadd-g 1200 asmadmin

Groupadd-g 1201 asmdba

Groupadd-g 1202 asmoper

# user

Useradd-m-u 1100-g oinstall-G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper-s / bin/bash grid

Useradd-m-u 1101-g oinstall-G dba,oper,asmdba-s / bin/bash oracle

# modify the user environment variable under home

Vim .bash _ profile

ORACLE user

Export TMP=/tmp

Export TMPDIR=$TMP

Export ORACLE_SID=netdb1 # newsdb01 (Node 1)

Export ORACLE_SID=netdb2 # newsdb02 (Node 2)

Export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

Export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

Export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

Export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

Export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

Export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

Umask 022

GRID user

Export TMP=/tmp

Export TMPDIR=$TMP

Export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 # newsdb01 (Node 1)

Export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2 # newsdb02 (Node 2)

Export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

Export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

Export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

Export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

Umask 022

Configuration directory

Mkdir-p / u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Mkdir-p / u01/app/grid

Mkdir-p / u01/app/oracle

Chown grid:oinstall / u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Chown grid:oinstall / u01/app/grid

Chown oracle:oinstall / u01/app/oracle

Chmod-R 775 / u01 /

Chown-R grid:oinstall / U01

2.5 configure system files

Configure shell restrictions for oracle and grid users

Vim / etc/security/limits.conf

Add

Grid soft nproc 2047

Grid hard nproc 16384

Grid soft nofile 1024

Grid hard nofile 65536

Oracle soft nproc 2047

Oracle hard nproc 16384

Oracle soft nofile 1024

Oracle hard nofile 65536

Modify / etc/pam.d/login configuration file

Vim / etc/pam.d/login

Add session required pam_limits.so

Modify kernel configuration file / etc/sysctl.conf

Fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

Fs.file-max = 6815744

Kernel.shmall = 2097152

Kernel.shmmax = 1054472192

Kernel.shmmni = 4096

Kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

Net.core.rmem_default = 262144

Net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

Net.core.wmem_default = 262144

Net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144

Net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

Execution of sysctl-p takes effect immediately after saving and exiting.

2.6 configure shared disk (since it is shared storage, it can be executed on one node. There will be another node naturally)

View partition

Ls / dev/sd*

Use fdisk for zoning, and other districts can be divided according to their own plans, for example:

Fdisk / dev/sdb

[root@newsdb01 ~] # fdisk / dev/sdb

Command (m for help): n

Command action

E extended

P primary partition (1-4)

P

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-1000, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, + cylinders or + size {KMagne Mpeng} (1-1000, default 1000): + 500m

Command (m for help): n

Command action

E extended

P primary partition (1-4)

P

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (502-1000, default 502):

Using default value 502

Last cylinder, + cylinders or + size {KJM Magi G} (502-1000, default 1000):

Using default value 1000

Command (m for help): W

The partition table has been altered!

View the partition after the final configuration

Fidks-l

[root@newsdb01 ~] # ls / dev/sd* (there should be 7 partitions corresponding to the following)

/ dev/sda / dev/sda1 / dev/sda2 / dev/sdb / dev/sdb1 / dev/sdc / dev/sdc1 / dev/sdd / dev/sdd1 / dev/sdd2 / dev/sde / dev/sde1 / dev/sde2 / dev/sdf / dev/sdf1

Install the required packages such as Oracle grid (this package will indicate which packages are not installed when checking the installation environment, and install them again if you confirm that they have been installed. If you confirm that you have installed them, you will be prompted that they are not installed because the version you installed may not be consistent with the system requirements. These packages are found in the system disk. You can mount the system disk to the file system

Mount / dev/cdrom / mnt/

Cd / mnt/Packages)

These bags are on the system disk. You can mount the system disk on the

Rpm-ivh libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh ksh-20100621-19.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686.rpm

Rpm-ivh libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm

Rpm-ivh unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm

Yum-y install pdksh

3, configure ASM

3.1 check the corresponding download of the operating system kernel version

Uname-a

Download oracleasm

Http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/ol6-1709075.html

Installation

Yum-y install kmod-oracleasm.x86_64

Rpm-ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm (downloaded from the official website)

Rpm-ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm (available on CD)

3.2 configure ASM disk

Execute on two nodes

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library

Driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is

Loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values

Will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an

Answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: grid

Default group to own the driver interface []: asmdba

Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (yzone) [n]: y

Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (yzone) [y]:

Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done

Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [OK]

Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [OK]

Create and scan ASM disks (only need to be created on one node, scandisks directly on the other node)

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL1 / dev/sdb1

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL2 / dev/sdc1

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL3 / dev/sdd1

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL4 / dev/sdd2

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL5 / dev/sde1

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL6 / dev/sde2

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL7 / dev/sdf1

[root@newsdb01 oracle] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks

Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [OK]

[root@newsdb01 ~] # / etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks

VOL1

VOL2

VOL3

VOL4

VOL5

VOL6

VOL7

4, install Oracle grid

Transfer the grid installation package to the server.

4.1 copy the grid package to the / U01 directory of server node 1 and extract it, unzip linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip

Execute xhost + under root

Su-grid

Export DISPLAY=:0.0

Export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

Enter the unzipped directory to execute

. / runinstaller opens the installation image interface and starts the installation.

After the installation is complete, two shell files are generated, each of which is executed on the two nodes.

Execute if there is an error

Execute / u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl-deconfig-force-verbose first

Then execute / bin/dd if=/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd of=/dev/null bs=1024 count=1 simultaneously with root.sh

5. Install Oracle database software

Need to be installed with oracle user

Execute xhost + under root

Su-oracle

Export DISPLAY=:0.0

Export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

. / runInstaller

Just install the database software, just install it according to the prompts of the graphical interface, and finally follow the prompts to execute the relevant script.

6, create an ASM disk group

Additional disk groups need to be created to install data files, etc.

Su-grid

Asmca

Follow the interface prompts to create a disk group.

7. Create a database instance

Su-oracle

. / runInstaller

According to the graphical interface steps, you can select the rac option to create a new database instance.

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