Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

P insufficient address space / waste solution:

1. Divide public address and private address:

Private address space-

Class A 0-127 / 8 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255 (8 network bits)

Category B 128-191 / 16 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255 (12 network bits)

Class C 192-223 / 24 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 (16 network bits)

Network segment A: 192.168.1.0 take 24-> 256 IP addresses; IP-254is available

Network segment B: 192.168.2.0 add 24-> 256 IP addresses; IP-254is available

Category D 224-239 (Multicast address) 239.0.0.0-239.255.255.255 (8 network bits)

2. Subnetting: the host bits in the original IP address are regarded as the network bits of the new IP address.

3. IPv6-128bit, which essentially solves the problem of insufficient and wasted address space in IP.

The bit bit, any 0 or 1, becomes the bit.

Byte bytes, one byte equals 8 bit

Case 1 (simple):

Premise:

At the beginning of the network planning, Party A gave a Class A network: 192.168.1.0 / 24

IP address planning based on a given network segment

Request:

Assign a network segment to each building (5 buildings)

28 hosts per network segment

Please write down the IP address range of each network segment, as well as the network address and broadcast address

Minimize the waste of IP addresses in each network segment

Train of thought:

1. First determine the network address of a given IP address

2. Secondly, determine the number of host bits in the new network address

3. Determine the network bits in the new network address again

3. Redefine the network in the new network address

Subnet mask division: (192.168.1.0 / 24, total available address 254)

1. Determine the host bit first

2 to the N power, minus 2 special IP addresses, must be greater than or equal to 28, so N takes a value of 5

2. Determine the network address of the new IP network segment:

The network bit of the new network segment is 27 bits (32-5)

So the new network segment is:

192.168.1.0000 0000 / 27 192.168.1.0-192.168.1.31 / 27

192.168.1.0010 0000 / 27 192.168.1.32-192.168.1.63 / 27

192.168.1.0100 0000 / 27 192.168.1.64-192.168.1.95 / 27

192.168.1.0110 0000 / 27 192.168.1.96-192.168.1.127 / 27

192.168.1.1000 0000 / 27 192.168.1.128-192.168.1.159 / 27

192.168.1.1010 0000 / 27 192.168.1.160-192.168.1.191 / 27

192.168.1.1100 0000 / 27 192.168.1.192-192.168.1.223 / 27

192.168.1.1110 0000 / 27 192.168.1.224-192.168.1.255 / 27

Case 2 (Advanced):

Premise:

Subnetting based on a given IP address

1. The given IP address is-137.26.19.200 / 17

2. Subnet the network segment to which the IP address belongs:

# make sure there are 7 network segments

# the number of available hosts per network segment is 35

# ensure that each network segment minimizes the waste of available IP addresses

3. Write out the IP address space range of each network segment.

Step decomposition:

1. Calculate the network segment (network address) where the given IP address is located.

Ip 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0001 0011. 1100 1000

Mask 1111 1111 1111 1000 0000 0000 0000

Therefore, the network address is:

Ip 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0000. 0000 0000

Mask 1111 1111 1111 1000 0000 0000 0000

Finally, the network address is-137.26.0.0 / 17.

2. Calculate the number of host bits in the new network segment, assuming that the number of host bits is n

Minus 2 to the nth power of 2, greater than or equal to 35

Nasty 6

3. Calculate the number of network bits for each new network segment:

32-6 = 26

Therefore, the subnet mask for each new network segment should be: / 26

4. Therefore, the final IP address range for each new network segment is:

137.26.0.0 / 26

Network segment 1 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0000. 0000 0000 / 26

137.26.0.0Compact 26-137.26.0.63 Universe 26

Network segment 2 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0000. 0100 0000 / 26

137.26.0.64Universe 26-137.26.0.127Universe 26

Network segment 3 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0000. 1000 0000 / 26

137.26.0.128Compact 26-137.26.0.191Universe 26

Network segment 4 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0000. 1100 0000 / 26

137.26.0.192 Universe 26-137.26.0.255Universe 26

Network segment 5 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0001. 0000 0000 / 26

137.26.1.0 Compact 26-137.26.1.63 Universe 26

Network segment 6 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0001. 0100 0000 / 26

137.26.1.64Universe 26-137.26.1.127Universe 26

Network segment 7 1000 1001. 0001 1010. 0000 0001. 1000 0000 / 26

137.26.1.128Compact 26-137.26.1.192 Compact 26

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