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The company that designed javascript is Netscape (Netscape). JavaScript, originally known as LiveScript, was developed by Brandon Ikey of Netscape in 1995; after Netscape partnered with Sun, it changed its name to JavaScript.

The operating environment of this tutorial: windows7 system, javascript1.8.5 version, Dell G3 computer.

JavaScript, originally known as LiveScript, was developed by Brandon Brendan Eich of Netscape (Netscape Communications Corporation) in 1995. Netscape changed its name to JavaScript after a partnership with Sun, an Internet company whose full name is "Sun Microsystems", which has been acquired by Oracle.

Historical background of the Development of JavaScript

1. Nombas and ScriptEase

Around 1992, a company called Nombas developed an embedded scripting language called C-minus-minus (Cmm for short). The idea behind Cmm is simple: a scripting language that is powerful enough to replace macro operations (macro) while keeping a sufficient resemblance to C (and C + +) so that developers can learn quickly. The scripting language is bundled with a shareware called CEnvi, and it shows developers the power of the language for the first time.

Nombas eventually changed the name of Cmm to ScriptEase because the latter part (mm) sounded too negative and the letter C was "scary".

Now ScriptEase has become the main driving force behind Nombas products.

2. Netscape invented JavaScript

When Netscape Navigator came to the fore, Nombas developed a version of CEnvi that could be embedded in web pages. These early experiments were called Espresso Page (espresso pages), and they represented the first client language to be used on the World wide Web. Nombas had no idea that its philosophy would become an important cornerstone of the World wide Web.

As surfing the web becomes more and more popular, there is a growing need to develop client script. At this time, most Internet users are only connected to the network through 28.8 kbit/s modems, even though web pages are constantly getting bigger and more complex. What aggravates the user's pain is that you have to interact with the server multiple times for the sake of simple form validation. Imagine that a user fills out a form, clicks the submit button, waits for 30 seconds to process, and sees a field that tells you to forget to fill in a necessary field.

Netscape, then at the forefront of technological innovation, began to seriously consider developing a client-side scripting language to solve simple processing problems.

Brendan Eich, then working on Netscape, set out to develop a scripting language called LiveScript for Netscape Navigator 2.0, which will be released in 1995, with the aim of using it on the browser and server side (which was supposed to be called LiveWire). Netscape and Sun complete the LiveScript implementation in time.

Just before the official release of Netscape Navigator 2.0, Netscape renamed it JavaScript. Although Netscape initially named its scripting language LiveScript, Netscape later renamed it JavaScript after working with Sun. JavaScript was originally inspired by Java, and one of its purposes is to "look like Java", so there are grammatical similarities, and some names and naming conventions are borrowed from Java. But the main design principles of JavaScript come from Self and Scheme.

The similarity between JavaScript and Java is the result of Netscape's agreement with Sun Microsystems for marketing reasons at that time. In order to gain technical advantage, Microsoft launched JScript to compete with JavaScript's scripting language. For interoperability, Ecma International (formerly known as the European Association of computer Manufacturers) created the ECMA-262 standard (ECMAScript). Both are now part of the ECMAScript implementation. Although JavaScript is promoted and promoted as a scripting language for non-programmers, rather than as a scripting language for programmers, JavaScript has very rich features. JavaScript has since become an essential component of the Internet.

3. Tripod

Because JavaScript 1.0 was so successful, Netscape released version 1.1 in Netscape Navigator 3.0. At that time, Microsoft decided to move into browsers, releasing IE 3.0 and carrying a clone of JavaScript called JScript (named to avoid potential licensing disputes with Netscape). Although Microsoft's entry into the Web browser field has made it infamous, it has also become an important step in the development of the JavaScript language.

After Microsoft entered, there were three different versions of JavaScript: JavaScript in Netscape Navigator 3.0, JScript in IE, and ScriptEase in CEnvi. Unlike C and other programming languages, JavaScript does not have a standard to unify its syntax or features, and these three different versions highlight this problem. With the growing concern of the industry, it is clear that the standardization of the language is imperative.

4. Standardization

In 1997, JavaScript 1.1 was submitted as a draft to the European Association of computer Manufacturers (ECMA). The 39th Technical Committee (TC39) was assigned to "standardize the syntax and semantics of a common, cross-platform, vendor-neutral scripting language". TC39, made up of programmers from Netscape, Sun, Microsoft, Borland, and other companies interested in scripting, tempered ECMA-262, a standard that defines a new scripting language called ECMAScript.

At present, the implementations that meet the ECMA-262 3rd Edition standard are:

JScript of Microsoft

JavaScript-C (C language implementation) of Mozilla, now known as SpiderMonkey

Rhino (Java implementation) of Mozilla

DMDScript of Digital Mars

V8 of Google

In the following years, the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC) also adopted ECMAScript as the standard (ISO/IEC-16262). Since then, Web browsers have been trying (with varying degrees of success and failure) to use ECMAScript as the basis for JavaScript implementation.

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