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OSPF discontiguous multiarea configuration

In experiment 1, area12 area45 area17 is a non-backbone area, area0 is a backbone region, R2 R4 is ABR.

Interconnection of the whole network is required (R1 needs to be configured as ABR)

Ideas and configuration:

1. Configure R1:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0

Port ip:192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0

0Accord 1 port ip:192.168.16.1 255.255.255.0

Ip:192.168.17.1 255.255.255.0

4-0-1 Port ip:192.168.14.1 255.255.255.0

4-0-0 Port ip:100.1.1.254 255.255.255.0

two。 Configure R2:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.2.2 255.255.255.0

Port ip:192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0

0Accord 1 port ip:192.168.23.1 255.255.255.0

3. Configure R3:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.3.3 255.255.255.0

Port ip:192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0

0Accord 1 port ip:192.168.34.1 255.255.255.0

Ip:192.168.63.2 255.255.255.0

4. Configure R4:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.4.4 255.255.255.0

Port ip:192.168.34.2 255.255.255.0

0Accord 1 port ip:192.168.45.1 255.255.255.0

Ip:192.168.14.2 255.255.255.0

5. Configure R5:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.5.5 255.255.255.0

Port ip:192.168.45.2 255.255.255.0

Ip:100.3.3.254 255.255.255.0

6. Configure R6:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.6.6 255.255.255.0

Port ip:192.168.16.2 255.255.255.0

0Accord 1 port ip:192.168.63.1 255.255.255.0

7. Configure R7:

Create loopback port loopback ip:10.10.7.7 255.255.255.0

0UBO Port ip:100.2.2.254 55.255.255.0

Ip:192.168.17.2 255.255.255.0

8. Create an ospf on R1

Area 12

Network 192.168.12.1 0.0.0.0

Network 192.168.16.1 0.0.0.0

Network 100.1.1.254 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.1.1 0.0.0.0

Area 0

Network 192.168.14.1 0.0.0.0

Area 17

Network 192.168.17.1 0.0.0.0

9. Create an ospf on R2

Area 12

Network 192.168.12.2 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.2.2 0.0.0.0

Area 0

Network 192.168.23.1 0.0.0.0

10. Create an ospf on R3

Area 0

Network 192.168.23.2 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.3.3 0.0.0.0

Network 192.168.63.2 0.0.0.0

Network 192.168.34.1 0.0.0.0

11. Create an ospf on R4

Area 0

Network 192.168.34.2 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.4.4 0.0.0.0

Network 192.168.14.2 0.0.0.0

Area 45

Network 192.168.45.1 0.0.0.0

twelve。 Create an ospf on R5

Area 45

Network 192.168.45.2 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.5.5 0.0.0.0

Network 100.3.3.254 0.0.0.0

13. Create an ospf on R6

Area 0

Network 192.168.63.1 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.6.6 0.0.0.0

Area 12

Network 192.168.16.2 0.0.0.0

14. Create an ospf on R7

Area 17

Network 192.168.17.2 0.0.0.0

Network 10.10.7.7 0.0.0.0

Network 100.2.2.254 0.0.0.0

15. Verify:

View the routing table on the router:

Display ip routing-table

View neighbor routing table on R1

View the neighbor routing table in R2

View the neighbor routing table on R3

View the neighbor routing table on R4

View the neighbor routing table on R5

View the neighbor routing table on R6

View the neighbor routing table on R7

16. Ping can be communicated between PCs

=

In the figure, area12 area45 area17 is a non-backbone area, area0 is a backbone area, R2 R4 is ABR.

Require the interconnection of the whole network

Method 2 the OSPF neighbor relationship established through the virtual link always belongs to area 0.

1. Based on the configuration of experiment 1

two。 In R4, the configuration is as follows:

Delete the network segment created in area 0 in Lab 1 first.

3. Configure on R1:

Delete the network segment and area0 created in area0 in Lab 1 first.

4. Configure R1 id to 1.1.1.1

Configure the id of R2 to 2.2.2.2

Configure the id of R3 to 3.3.3.3

Configure the id of R4 to 4.4.4.4

Configure the id of R5 to 5.5.5.5

Configure the id of R6 to 6.6.6.6

Configure the id of R7 to 7.7.7.7

5 configure R1:

Ospf 1

Area 12

Vlink-peer 2.2.2.2 / / here, it must be the RID of the other router

R2:

Ospf 1

Area 12

Vlink-peer 1.1.1.1 / / must not be written as the interface IP of the other device.

6. Verify and view the configuration:

View on R1

Display ospf vlink

View on R2

Display ospf vlink

7. Ping communication between PCs

Method 3:

In the figure, area12 area45 area17 is a non-backbone area, area0 is a backbone area, R2 R4 is ABR.

Require the interconnection of the whole network

1. Build different OSPF processes so that routes are delivered in the form of external routes.

two。 Based on the configuration of experiment 2, do the following configuration

3. Delete the virtual link on R1 first

Delete the virtual link on R2 first

4. On R1:

Delete the area17 created in ospf in Lab 1 first

Create a new OSPF process-ospf 8

Ospf 8 / / R1 establishes a neighbor relationship with R7 through ospf 8.

Area 17

Network 192.168.17.1 0.0.0.0

Quit

Import-route ospf 1

Ospf 1 / / R4 establishes a neighbor relationship with R1 through ospf 1.

Import-route ospf 8

5.7. Ping can be communicated between PCs

=

Key points:

OSPF Multiarea configuration, ABR,

Ospf routing Typ

Internal: declared by network

Intra-area

Inter-area

External: announced by redistribution (redistribute | import-route)

# 5 LSA can be transmitted anywhere in the OSPF network

Special areas:

Type 5 LSA

-stub:

Category 4 and category 5 are not allowed

The ABR of the area automatically generates a default route (inter-area) to the area.

All routers in this area need to be configured with stub

Ospf 1

Area 34

Stub

-totally stub: complete stub region

Class 3, 4, and 5 LSA are not allowed, but there is a special type 3 LSA that represents the default route

At this point, you only need to configure it on ABR in the stub area:

Ospf 1

Area 34

Stub no-summary

Normal area:

-Type of LSA

1-any OSPF router will be generated, and will be generated in every area connected

The route calculated by type 1 LSA belongs to intra-area route

2-

3-only ABR can be generated (0 [intra-area / inter-area]-> non-0; non-0 [intra-area]-- > 0;)

Represents a route between areas, and the LSA changes during transmission:

Each time you pass an ABR, the advertisement Router changes.

4-

5-only ASBR can be generated; represents an external route, and during transmission

LSA is unchanged.

Prefix/mask [preference/cost] type, via next-hop, interface

-

OSPF Special area:

NSSA: no so stub area

Type 4 or 5 LSA is not allowed in this area, but external routes are allowed.

External routes are represented by type-7 LSA.

7 types of LSA can only exist in the NSSA region.

That is, there are only 1, 2, 3, 7.

-Application scenario

-configuration:

NSSA is configured on every router in the area.

Ospf 1

Area 14

Nssa

The ABR of this area will also automatically generate a default route to the NSSA area.

And it is represented by 7 types of LSA

And the ABR in this area will convert the external routes represented by type 7 LSA to type 5 LSA.

So that other OSPF areas (normal) can get the external route entry.

And when making an one-way conversion from 7 to 5, you can only make the RID in the NSSA area large.

ABR performs the final conversion.

Totally NSSA

Compared with NSSA, there are three types of routes represented by LSA with fewer details.

That is, only 1, 2, 7

Represented only by a type 7 LSA automatically generated by ABR in the NSSA region

Default route, you can realize the interworking between NSSA area and other areas and external routes

Configuration commands:

Just need to do it in all the ABR in the NSSA area.

Ospf 1

Area 14

Nssa no-summary

OSPF discontiguous area solution:

-construct an ABR so that the route for this non-backbone area exists as an internal route in other areas

# establish an OSPF neighbor relationship with area 0 on a router that connects multiple non-backbone areas

By relinking a "physical link"

# virtual-link

OSPF neighbor relationships established through virtual links always belong to area 0

The establishment of a virtual link depends on the area where the underlying real link is located for transmission.

OSPF message (hello, etc.). So, if the underlying "traversal / transmission area"

If it is unstable, it will cause the "virtual link" of the upper layer to be unstable, which will affect the whole.

The stability of the backbone area of the network.

Therefore, this approach is generally not recommended.

If you have to use it, it's only a temporary solution.

-configuration:

Configure the following command in the real ABR of the router and transport area that wants to be ABR:

R1:

Ospf 1

Area 14

Vlink-peer 4.4.4.4 / / here, it must be the RID of the other router

R4:

Ospf 1

Area 14

Vlink-peer 1.1.1.1 / / must not be written as the interface IP of the other device.

On the premise, you must ensure that:

The OSPF neighbor relationship in area 14 is intact

Display ospf vlink / / View OSFP neighbor relationships established locally through virtual links

-build different OSPF processes so that route delivery is presented in the form of external routes.

R4:

Create a new OSPF process-ospf 8

Ospf 8 / / R4 establishes a neighbor relationship with R7 through ospf 8.

Area 47

Network 192.168.47.4 0.0.0.0

Quit

Import-route ospf 1

Ospf 1 / / R4 establishes a neighbor relationship with R1 through ospf 1.

Import-route ospf 8

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