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This article refers to the way you create a database using create database in Chapter 2 of "Administrator's Guide." Generally speaking, the first thing we come across is to use dbca to create a database, compared to which using create database is more complex.

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Using the create database command to create a database requires the following steps:

Step 1: specify the instance identifier

Export ORACLE_SID=mynewdb

Step 2: set the relevant environment variables

ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID must be specified, PATH variable is optional

Export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

Step 3: select the authentication method for the database administrator

The authentication methods of database administrators include password file authentication and operating system authentication.

Password file authentication: a password is required when creating a password file.

Operating system authentication: add users to the dba group.

Step 4: create a static parameter file

You can copy static parameter files from other databases, or you can create parameter files by modifying samples of initialization parameters.

The values of DB_NAME, CONTROL_FILES, and MEMORY_TARGET must be specified.

The static parameter file is named initSID.ora.

[oracle@mycentos dbs] $cp init.ora initmynewdb.ora

Note: because it is only a test, the sample parameter file has not been modified too much. It should be noted that the corresponding directory in the parameter file should be established.

Step 5: connect to the database

Connection method with password file as authentication:

[oracle@mycentos mynewdb] $sqlplus / nolog

SQL > CONNECT SYS AS SYSDBA

Connection mode with operating system authentication

$sqlplus / nolog

SQL > CONNECT / AS SYSDBA

Step 6: create a dynamic parameter file

The CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE;# step can be carried out later.

Step 7: start the instance

STARTUP NOMOUNT

Step 8: issue the create database instruction

CREATE DATABASE mynewdb

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY asd

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY asd

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo01a.log','/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo01b.log') SIZE 100m BLOCKSIZE 512

GROUP 2 ('/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo02a.log','/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo02b.log') SIZE 100m BLOCKSIZE 512

GROUP 3 ('/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo03a.log','/app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo03b.log') SIZE 100m BLOCKSIZE 512

MAXLOGFILES 5

MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXDATAFILES 100

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

DATAFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 325m REUSE

SYSAUX DATAFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325m REUSE

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/users01.dbf'

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

TEMPFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 20M REUSE

UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1

DATAFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/undotbs01.dbf'

SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

Step 9: create additional tablespaces

CREATE TABLESPACE apps_tbs LOGGING

DATAFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/apps01.dbf'

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 100M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

-- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace (optional)

CREATE TABLESPACE indx_tbs LOGGING

DATAFILE'/ app/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/indx01.dbf'

SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

Step 10: run the script to build the data dictionary view

Execute with a user with sysdba privileges:

@? / rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@? / rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

@? / rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

Execute with SYSTEM user

@? / sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

Step 11: back up the database

You can switch the database to archive mode for RMAN backup.

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