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This paper mainly introduces the introduction of Linux file directory and the difference of file color, as follows.

The color of the document represents the meaning

Blue indicates the directory

Green indicates executable file

Red indicates a compressed file

Light blue indicates a linked file

White indicates other files.

Yellow is the device file, including block, char, fifo.

Common catalogue explanation

The directory structure of various Linux distributions is basically the same, and each directory is briefly introduced as follows:

Catalogue

Description

/

Root directory

/ bin

The most basic command needed as a basic system is put here. Such as ls, cp, mkdir, etc.; the function is similar to / usr/bin, the files in this directory are executable, commands that can be used by ordinary users.

/ boot

The Linux kernel and the files needed to boot the system program, such as the vmlinuz initrd.img file, are located in this directory. In general, the GRUB or LILO system boot manager is also located in this directory; boot load files are stored in locations such as kernels,initrd,grub. It is usually a separate partition.

/ dev

Some necessary equipment, sound card, disk, etc. And such as / dev/null. / dev/console / dev/zero / dev/full, etc.

/ etc

The location where the configuration files of the system are stored. Some server configuration files are also here; such as user account and password configuration files

Configuration file corresponding to / etc/opt:/opt

/ etc/X11:Xwindows system profile

/ etc/xml:XML configuration file

……

/ home

User working directory, and personal profiles, such as personal environment variables, etc., all accounts are assigned a working directory. It is usually a separate partition.

/ lib

Where the library files are stored. Library files required by bin and sbin. DLL similar to windows.

/ media

Removable media mount points, such as CD-ROMs, removable hard disk, USB disk, will be mounted here by default.

/ mnt

Temporarily mount the file system. This directory is generally used to store the mount directory where the storage device is mounted, such as cdrom and so on. See the definition of / etc/fstab.

/ opt

Optional application package.

/ proc

When the operating system is running, process (running programs) information and kernel information (such as cpu, hard disk partition, memory information, etc.) are stored here. The / proc directory disguises the mount directory of the file system proc. Proc is not a real file system, and its definition can be found in / etc/fstab.

/ root

Root user's working directory

/ sbin

Similar to bin, there are executable files, but they are not needed by all users and are generally needed for system administration.

/ tmp

Temporary files of the system, the general system restart will not be saved.

/ usr

Contains system user tools and programs.

/ usr/bin: non-essential ordinary user executable command

/ usr/include: standard header file

Library files for / usr/lib:/usr/bin/ and / usr/sbin/

/ usr/sbin: optional executable file

/ usr/src: kernel source code

/ usr/X11R6:X Window System, Version 11, Release 6.

/ srv

This directory stores some data that needs to be extracted after the service is started.

Summary

The above is the whole content of this article about the introduction of Linux file directory and the difference of file color. I hope it will be helpful to everyone. Interested friends can continue to refer to other related topics on this site, if there are any deficiencies, please leave a message to point out. Thank you for your support to this site!

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