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2025-01-18 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Development >
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Today, the editor will show you how to build a secure Linux server. The knowledge points in this article are very detailed. Friends who feel helpful can browse the content of the article with the editor, hoping to help more friends who want to solve this problem to find the answer to the problem. Follow the editor to learn more about "how to build a secure Linux server".
At present, many php programs use linux server, because php runs better under linux. If many large websites use linux server to establish a secure Linux server, they must first understand the meaning of configuration files related to network services in the Linux environment and how to configure them securely. In the Linux system, the TCP/IP network is configured through several text files, you may need to edit these files to complete the networking work, but most of these configuration files can be achieved through the configuration command linuxconf (in which the configuration of the network part can be achieved through the netconf command). The basic TCP/IP network configuration file is described below.
* / etc/conf.modules file
This configuration file defines the parameter information for various modules that need to be loaded when activated. This paper mainly focuses on the configuration of the network card. In the case of using Linux as the gateway, the Linux server needs to configure at least two network cards. To reduce problems that may occur during activation, the Linux kernel does not automatically detect multiple network cards. For a system that does not compile the driver of the network card into the kernel but is loaded dynamically as a module, if you need to install multiple network cards, you should configure it in the "conf.modules" file.
If the device driver is compiled into a module (the module of the kernel): for PCI devices, the module will automatically detect all devices that have been installed on the system; for Isa cards, you need to provide the module with an IO address so that the module knows where to find the card, and this information is provided in "/ etc/conf.modules".
For example, we have two 3c509 cards with ISA bus, one IO address is 0x300 and the other is 0x320. Edit the "conf.modules" file as follows: alias eth0 3c509alias eth2 3c509options 3c509 io=0x300,0x320 this indicates that the 3c509 drivers should be loaded with the name eth0 or eth2 respectively (alias eth0,eth2), and they should be loaded with the parameter io=0x300,0x320 to tell the driver where to find the network card, where 0x is indispensable.
For PCI cards, only the alias command is needed to associate the ethN with the appropriate driver module name, and the IO address of the PCI card will be automatically detected. For the PCI card, edit the "conf.modules" file as follows: if the alias eth0 3c905alias eth2 3c905 driver has been compiled into the kernel: the PCI detector at the time of system activation will automatically find all relevant network cards. ISA cards can generally be detected automatically, but in some cases, ISA cards still need to be configured as follows:
Add configuration information to "/ etc/lilo.conf" by passing activation parameter information to the kernel through the LILO program. For the Isa card, edit the "lilo.conf" file and add the following content: append= "ether=" 0re0 ether= "0recover0eth2" Note: do not add activation parameters in "lilo.conf", test your Isa card, and use the activation parameters if you fail.
If you use the method of passing activation parameters, eth0 and eth2 will be set in the order in which they were discovered at the time of activation.
* / etc/HOSTNAME file:
This file contains the host name of the system, including the full domain name, such as:
Deep.openarch.com
* / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethN file:
In RedHat, the configuration file of the system network device is saved in the "/ etc/sysconfig/network-scripts" directory, ifcfg-eth0 contains the configuration information of the first network card, and ifcfg-eth2 contains the configuration information of the second network card.
Here is an example of the "/ etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0" file: DEVICE=eth0IPADDR=208.164.186.1NETMASK=255.255.255.0NETWORK=208.164.186.0BROADCAST=208.164.186.255ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=noneUSERCTL=no
If you want to manually change the network address or add a new network interface to the new interface, you can modify the corresponding file (ifcfg-ethN) or create a new file.
DEVICE=name name represents the name of the physical device
IPADDR=addr addr indicates the IP address assigned to the card
NETMASK=mask mask represents the network mask
NETWORK=addr addr represents the network address
BROADCAST=addr addr represents the broadcast address
Whether to activate the card when ONBOOT=yes/no is activated
None: no need to activate the protocol
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