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This article is about how to use the top command in linux. The editor thinks it is very practical, so share it with you as a reference and follow the editor to have a look.

Top command is a commonly used performance analysis tool under Linux, which can display the resource consumption of each process in the system in real time, similar to the task manager of Windows.

Common option

-b: operate in batch mode

-c: displays the complete governance command

-d: screen refresh interval

-I: ignore the failure process

-s: secret mode

-S: cumulative mode

-I: set the interval

-u: specify the user name

-p: specify the process

-n: the number of times the display is looped

Introduction to the output parameters of top command

System uptime and average load

Task

The second line shows a summary of the task or process. Processes can be in different states. The number of all processes is shown here. In addition, there are running, sleeping, stopping, and the number of zombie processes (zombies are the state of a process). These process summary information can be displayed with't 'toggle.

CPU statu

Us, user: the CPU time to run (unprioritized) user processes

Sy,system: the CPU time at which kernel processes are running

Ni,niced: the CPU time to run a user process that has been prioritized

Wa,IO wait: the CPU time used to wait for IO to complete

Hi: CPU time to handle hardware interrupts

Si: CPU time to handle software interrupts

St: the CPU time that this virtual machine was stolen by hypervisor. (note: if you are currently in a vm under hypervisor, hypervisor actually consumes part of the CPU processing time.)

Memory usage

The next two lines show memory usage, which is a bit like the 'free' command. The first line is physical memory usage, and the second line is virtual memory usage (swap space). Physical memory is displayed as follows: all available memory, used memory, free memory, buffered memory. Similarly: the swap section shows all, used, free, and buffered swap space. The memory display can be switched with the'm 'command.

Field column

PID: process ID, unique identifier of the process

USER: the actual user name of the process owner.

PR: the scheduling priority of the process. Some of the values in this field are 'rt'. This means that these processes are running in real time.

NI: the nice value (priority) of the process. A smaller value means a higher priority.

VIRT: the virtual memory used by the process.

RES: resident memory size. Resident memory is the amount of non-swapped physical memory used by the task.

SHR: SHR is the shared memory used by the process.

S: this is the state of the process. It has the following different values:

D-uninterruptible sleep.

R-running state

S-sleep state

T-tracked or stopped

Z-zombie state

% CPU: the percentage of CPU time used by the task since the last update.

% MEM: the percentage of available physical memory used by the process.

TIME+: the total CPU time used since the task was started, accurate to 1% seconds.

COMMAND: the command used to run the process.

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