Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

With the disappearance of the population dividend and the increase of personnel costs, the cost of service robots is obviously lower than that of human beings. In restaurants, hotels, shopping malls, business halls and other places, service robots are gradually applied to the ground, and it is not uncommon for robots to replace human services.

Although different types of service robots have different shapes, most of them have the ability to walk. relatively speaking, service robots with autonomous positioning and navigation are more favored by people, through technologies such as laser navigation or visual navigation. Robots can also walk independently without human control.

Laser SLAM is the core that cannot be bypassed when the robot walks independently.

In the process of autonomous walking of the service robot, a variety of sensors such as vision, ultrasound and lidar will be involved. as the main force to realize the autonomous walking of the robot, lidar is becoming the core that can not be avoided. It mainly uses trigonometric ranging principle or TOF to measure the distance between the surrounding object and itself by emitting laser beam, so as to obtain high-precision distance information.

Accurate positioning and identification of environmental information is the basis for service robots to achieve accurate services, in addition to lidar also need to use SLAM technology. SLAM means real-time location and map construction. The robot creates the map in an unfamiliar environment, and uses the map to locate and navigate independently. It can be described as the robot starts to move from an unknown position in an unfamiliar environment, locates itself according to position estimation and sensor data, and builds an incremental map at the same time. This kind of autonomous positioning and navigation mainly involves three technologies: real-time positioning, mapping and path planning, of which the core is path planning.

Take the sweeping robot as an example: there is a standard site in the world, 80 square meters, and those without navigation modules will generally achieve a cleaning rate of 80% in more than 40 minutes. After installing the SLAM module, it reached 95% coverage in 10 minutes. If you look at other areas, you must move to the destination very efficiently. Lidar + SLAM is a technical solution that can not be bypassed at present.

Make a simple comparison:

Lidar + SLAM technology: the positioning accuracy can be controlled between 0.01m and 0.1m, and accurate maps can be obtained, supporting autonomous obstacle avoidance without cumulative errors.

Visual positioning technology: the positioning range is 0.1-2 meters, can not obtain the map, need to be equipped with additional sensors to avoid obstacles, need a reasonable light source to adapt to the environment, the stability is relatively poor.

Generally speaking, the current laser SLAM technology is relatively more mature, so it has become the first choice for most service robot enterprises.

As an important breakthrough to realize the autonomous walking of robot, lidar has always been widely concerned by robot enterprises. In the past, domestic robot enterprises mostly use imported lidar products to ensure the stability and safety of products, but the high cost of imported radar drives up the manufacturing cost of robots. Nowadays, the domestic lidar industry has ushered in a vigorous development, and the gap between domestic lidar industry and foreign products is getting smaller and smaller.

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