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Three elements of communication protocol: 1, communication interface standard, is the hardware protocol of communication, providing mechanical hardware, electrical, functional characteristics and procedures; 2, communication format, parameters set uniformly by both parties; 3, communication data format.

Three elements of communication protocol:

I. Communication interface standard

The communication interface standard is the hardware protocol of communication, which provides mechanical hardware, electrical, functional features and procedures. At the same time, the connection mode of transmission media and network interface and the mode of sending and receiving data are defined. Among the serial data interface standards, RS232, RS422 and RS485 serial interface standards are the most commonly used.

II. Communication format

In serial asynchronous communication, both sides of the communication must uniformly set the communication data transmission mode, data length, verification method and transmission rate, so as to ensure the correctness of the communication between the two sides. This kind of parameter, which is uniformly set by both parties, is called data communication format (or communication parameter).

For example: data digits, stop digits, check methods (with or without parity, parity, parity), baud rate

III. Communication data format

The communication protocol must specify the transmission content of the information. For example, the structure of the transmitted data information frame, the station address of the equipment, the function code, the data check mode sent, the error detection, the character format in the information transmission, and so on. This data information specifies the data format called communication.

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