Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

In this issue, the editor will bring you about how to understand the Prometheus Operator architecture. The article is rich in content and analyzes and narrates it from a professional point of view. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

The architecture of Prometheus Operator is discussed here.

Because Prometheus Operator is based on Prometheus, we need to learn about Prometheus first.

Prometheus architecture

Prometheus is an excellent monitoring tool. To be exact, it should be a surveillance program. Prometheus provides a complete solution for data collection, storage, processing, visualization and alarm. The architecture of Prometheus is shown in the following figure:

The original architecture diagram on the official website is a little more complex than the one above, and only the most important components are retained to avoid distraction.

Prometheus Server

Prometheus Server is responsible for pulling and storing monitoring data from Exporter and provides a flexible query language (PromQL) for users to use.

Exporter

Exporter is responsible for collecting the performance data of the target object (host, container...) and making it available to Prometheus Server through the HTTP interface.

Visual component

The visual display of monitoring data is very important for the monitoring scheme. In the past, Prometheus developed its own set of tools, but then abandoned it because of the emergence of a better product Grafana in the open source community. Grafana can be seamlessly integrated with Prometheus to provide perfect data presentation capabilities.

Alertmanager

Users can define alarm rules based on monitoring data, which will trigger alarms. Once the Alermanager receives an alarm, it sends an alarm notification in a predefined manner. Supported methods include Email, PagerDuty, Webhook and so on.

Prometheus Operator architecture

The goal of Prometheus Operator is to simplify the work of deploying and maintaining Prometheus in the middle of Kubernetes as much as possible. Its architecture is shown in the following figure:

Each object on the diagram is a resource running in Kubernetes.

Operator

Operator, or Prometheus Operator, runs as Deployment in Kubernetes. Its responsibility is to deploy and manage Prometheus Server, and dynamically update the monitoring objects of Prometheus Server according to ServiceMonitor.

Prometheus Server

Prometheus Server is deployed to the cluster as a Kubernetes application. In order to better manage Prometheus,CoreOS in Kubernetes, developers specifically define a Kubernetes customized resource named Prometheus type. We can think of Prometheus as a special kind of Deployment whose purpose is to deploy Prometheus Server specifically.

Service

The Service here is the Service resource in Cluster and the object to be monitored by Prometheus, which is called Target in Prometheus. Each monitoring object has a corresponding Service. For example, to monitor Kubernetes Scheduler, you need to have a Service corresponding to Scheduler. Of course, the Kubernetes cluster does not have this Service by default, and Prometheus Operator will be responsible for creating it.

ServiceMonitor

Operator can dynamically update the Target list of Prometheus, and ServiceMonitor is the abstraction of Target. For example, if you want to monitor Kubernetes Scheduler, you can create a ServiceMonitor object that maps to Scheduler Service. Operator will discover the new ServiceMonitor and add the Target of Scheduler to Prometheus's watch list.

ServiceMonitor is also a Kubernetes customized resource type specifically developed by Prometheus Operator.

Alertmanager

Besides Prometheus and ServiceMonitor,Alertmanager are the third Kubernetes customized resources developed by Operator. We can think of Alertmanager as a special Deployment whose purpose is to deploy Alertmanager components specifically.

The above is the editor for you to share how to understand the Prometheus Operator architecture, if you happen to have similar doubts, you might as well refer to the above analysis to understand. If you want to know more about it, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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