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This article introduces the relevant knowledge of "introduction to the concept and function of inheritance in C++". In the operation of actual cases, many people will encounter such a dilemma. Next, let the editor lead you to learn how to deal with these situations. I hope you can read it carefully and be able to achieve something!

Overview

One of the most important concepts in object-oriented programming is inheritance. Inheritance allows us to define a class based on another class, which makes it more unified to create and maintain an application. This also achieves the effect of reusing code functions and improving execution efficiency.

The concept of class

A class contains several data members and member functions. Data members and member functions vary from class to class. But sometimes the contents of the two classes are basically the same. For example:

The concept of inheritance

Inheritance is to build a new class based on an existing class.

Existing class: base class (base class) or parent class (father class)

Newly created class: derived class (derived class) or subclass (son class)

A new class acquires its existing properties from an existing class, called class inheritance.

Through inheritance, a newly created subclass acquires the properties of the parent class from the existing parent class

The derived class inherits all the data members and member functions of the base class and can make necessary additions or adjustments to the members.

Generate a new subclass from an existing class (parent class), called a derivation of the class.

Class inheritance is a programming technique that uses existing classes to build special new classes.

A base class can derive multiple derived classes, and each derived class can be used as a base class to derive a new derived class. So the base class and the derived class are relative.

A derived class is the embodiment of a base class, while a base class is an abstraction of a derived class.

Single inheritance

Single inheritance means that a derived class derives from only one base class.

The hierarchy of single inheritance relationship is a tree structure.

The arrow indicates the direction of inheritance, pointing from the derived class to the base class

Multiple inheritance

Multiple inheritance (multiple inheritance) means that a derived class has two or more base classes. Derived classes can derive not only from one base class, but also from multiple base classes.

Derived class

How to declare a derived class:

Class derived class name: [inheritance method] base class name {newly added members of derived class}

Member access qualifier (default private):

Public (public)

Private (private)

Protected (protected)

Inheritance methods include (default private):

Public (public)

Private (private)

Protected (protected)

Student class:

# ifndef PROJECT5_STUDENT_H#define PROJECT5_STUDENT_H#include using namespace std;class Student {protected: int number; string name; char sex;public: Student (int num, string n, char s); void show ();}; # endif / / PROJECT5_STUDENT_H

Student.cpp:

# include # include "Student.h" using namespace std;Student::Student (int num, string n, char s) {number = num; name = n; sex = s;} void Student::show () {cout

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