Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

I haven't come into contact with network products, but now I use them at work. After several network failures, I felt very difficult to deal with by myself, so I decided to start to learn the knowledge of the network and found that it was widely used both in life and at work. All right, start knocking on the blackboard and draw the point.

The difference between the switch and the router: comparatively speaking, the function of the router is more powerful than the switch, but the speed is relatively slow and the price is expensive. The layer 3 switch not only has the wire-speed message forwarding ability of the switch, but also has the good control function of the router. So it's an ideal choice for everyone.

The switch of Huawei's official website: https://e.huawei.com/cn/products/enterprise-networking/switches

Switch (Switch) means "switch" is a network device used to forward electrical (optical) signals. It can provide an exclusive electrical signal path for any two network nodes of the access switch. The most common switch is the Ethernet switch. Other common ones are telephone voice exchange, fiber optic switch and so on.

What does the switch do?

The main functions of the switch include physical addressing, network topology, error checking, frame sequence and flow control. The switch also has some new functions, such as support for VLAN (Virtual Local area Network), support for link aggregation, and even the function of firewall.

This guy looks like this:

Here is the router debut:

Router (Router) is a device that connects local area networks and wide area networks in the Internet. It automatically selects and sets routes according to the situation of the channel, and sends signals in the order before and after the best path. The router is the hub of the Internet, the "traffic police". At present, routers have been widely used in various industries, and products of different grades have become the main force to realize the internal connection of various backbone networks, the interconnection between backbone networks and the interconnection between backbone networks and the Internet.

Icons in ensp

Household material object

Data center

1. What is a switch and a router?

★ switch (Switch) is based on MAC (hardware address of network card) identification, which establishes a temporary networking path between originator and receiver.

Switches are divided into layer 2 switches, layer 3 switches or higher layer switches. Layer 3 switches can have the ability to route and forward faster than low-end routers.

The main features of the switch are: routing once, forwarding multiple times.

★ router (Router), also known as path selector, is a device that interconnects at the network layer. Network devices that can connect multiple networks or segments, including local area networks and wide area networks.

The router has two typical functions, namely the data channel function and the control function.

two。 What is the difference between a router and a switch

a. Different levels of work: switches are simpler than routers, and routers can get more information than switches

The original switch worked at the data link layer of the OSI/RM open architecture, that is, layer 2, while the router was designed to work at the network layer of the OSI model. Because the switch works in the second layer of OSI (data link layer), its working principle is relatively simple, while the router works in the third layer of OSI (network layer), it can get more protocol information, and the router can make more intelligent forwarding decisions.

b. Data forwarding is based on different objects

The switch uses the physical address or MAC address to determine the destination address of the forwarded data. The router uses the ID number (that is, IP address) of different networks to determine the address for data forwarding. IP addresses are implemented in software to describe the network where the device is located, and sometimes these layer 3 addresses are also called protocol addresses or network addresses. MAC address is usually included in the hardware, assigned by the network card manufacturer, and has been solidified into the network card, generally speaking, it is unchangeable. IP addresses are usually assigned automatically by the network administrator or the system.

c. Traditional switches can only divide the collision domain, not the broadcast domain, while routers can split the broadcast domain.

The network segment connected by the switch still belongs to the same broadcast domain, and broadcast packets propagate on all network segments connected by the switch, causing traffic congestion and security vulnerabilities in some cases. The network segments connected to the router are assigned into different broadcast domains and the broadcast data does not pass through the router. Although the switch above the third layer has VLAN function and can divide the broadcast domain, the sub-broadcast domain can not communicate with each other, and the communication between them still needs a router.

(4) the router provides the service of firewall

The router only forwards packets with specific addresses and does not transmit packets that do not support routing protocols and unknown destination network packets, so as to prevent broadcast storms.

The most fundamental difference is that the switch is generally used for LAN-WAN connection, the switch belongs to the bridge, is the device of the data link layer, and some switches can also achieve layer 3 switching. The router is used for the connection between WAN-WAN, which can solve the problem of forwarding packets between heterosexual networks and act on the network layer.

Comparatively speaking, the function of the router is more powerful than the switch, but the speed is relatively slow and the price is expensive. The layer 3 switch not only has the wire-speed packet forwarding ability of the switch, but also has the good control function of the router, so it is an ideal choice for everyone.

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