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This article mainly introduces what the main functions of the network card in the computer, the article is very detailed, has a certain reference value, interested friends must read it!

The main functions of the network card include: 1. Encapsulation and deencapsulation of data. When sending, the data transferred on the upper layer plus the header and tail become Ethernet frames;2. Link management, realized by CSMA/CD protocol;3. Data encoding and decoding, i.e. Manchester encoding and decoding.

First, let's talk about what a network card is:

A network card is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network. Because it has a MAC address, it belongs to Layer 2 of the OSI model. It allows users to connect to each other via cable or wirelessly. Each NIC has a unique 48-bit serial number called the MAC address, which is written in a piece of ROM on the card.

Every computer on the network must have a unique MAC address. No two manufactured cards have the same address. This is because the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is responsible for assigning unique MAC addresses to network interface controller (NIC) vendors.

The main functions of the network card:

1. Encapsulation and unencapsulation of data

When sending, the data transferred from the upper layer is added with the header and tail to become an Ethernet frame. Ethernet frames are stripped of their headers and tails when received, and then sent to the next layer

2. Link management

It is mainly implemented through CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) protocol.

3. Data encoding and decoding

Manchester coding and decoding. Manchester code, also known as digital bidirectional code, phase division code or phase encoding (PE), is one of the common binary code line coding methods used by the physical layer to encode the clock and data of a synchronous bit stream. In communications, a code used to indicate the combination of data and timing signals in a bit stream to be transmitted. Commonly used in Ethernet communication, train bus control, industrial bus and other fields.

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